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Topic Review
Polysiloxane-Based Electrolytes
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are a very promising solution as remote sustainable low power sources for portable electronics and Internet of Things (IoT) applications due to their room-temperature and low-cost fabrication, as well as their high efficiency under artificial light. In addition, new achievements in developing semitransparent devices are driving interest in their implementation in the building sector. However, the main obstacle towards the large-scale exploitation of DSSCs mainly concerns their limited long-term stability triggered by the use of liquid electrolytes. 
  • 545
  • 24 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Biolubricants Based on Vegetable Oils
Biolubricants are a kind of lubricant obtained from plants (mainly vegetable oils such as cardoon, corn, palm, safflower, or rapeseed oils), which makes them biodegradable and environmentally friendly (especially important if they are spilled in the environment).  They mainly act as anti-friction media between contact surfaces.
  • 545
  • 20 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Nanotechnology for Melanoma
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of skin cancer, with few possibilities for therapeutic approaches, due to its multi-drug resistance and, consequently, low survival rate for patients. Conventional therapies for treatment melanoma include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, which have various side effects. For this reason, in recent years, pharmaceutical and biomedical research has focused on new sito-specific alternative therapeutic strategies. In this regard, nanotechnology offers numerous benefits which could improve the life expectancy of melanoma patients with very low adverse effects.
  • 544
  • 19 Feb 2021
Topic Review
New Horizons in Structural Biology of Membrane Proteins
A third of both pro- and eukaryotic proteomes consist of membrane proteins. Housed in a milieu of hydrophobic molecules, they serve as crucial contacts of communication between the cytoplasm and non-cytosolic environments, making them essential pharmaceutical targets. While membrane proteins are notoriously difficult to investigate at any level, high-resolution structures of these targets only became feasible at the very end of the twentieth century. It was not until robust technological developments in the fields of X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy and cryo-EM, that the scientific community at large, finally gained access to an ever-increasing number of atomic resolution structures, and began to rationalize how membrane proteins accommodate their function. As if the lack of structural information wasn’t enough to hamper progress, a higher level of complexity arose from the modern understanding of “one structure—one function” paradigm, a primitive simplification useful at the dawn of the scientific era, that has promptly lost credence to the complex maneuvers of membrane proteins.
  • 544
  • 26 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Paper-Based Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensors for Glucose Determination
The general objective of Analytical Chemistry is to obtain best-quality information in the shortest time to contribute to the resolution of real problems. In this regard, electrochemical biosensors are interesting alternatives to conventional methods thanks to their great characteristics, both those intrinsically analytical (precision, sensitivity, selectivity, etc.) and those more related to productivity (simplicity, low costs, and fast response, among others). The scientific community has made continuous progress in improving glucose biosensors, being this analyte the most important in the biosensor market, due to the large amount of people who suffer from diabetes mellitus. The sensitivity of the electrochemical techniques combined with the selectivity of the enzymatic methodologies have positioned electrochemical enzymatic sensors as the first option.
  • 544
  • 23 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Fabrication of Composite Materials by Using Additive Manufacturing
Composite materials have significantly influenced various industries due to their exceptional reliability and effectiveness. As technology advances, new types of composite reinforcements, such as novel chemical-based and bio-based, and new fabrication techniques are utilized to develop high-performance composite materials. AM, a widely popular concept poised to shape the development of Industry 4.0, is also being utilized in the production of composite materials. Comparing AM-based manufacturing processes to traditional methods reveals significant variations in the performance of the resulting composites. 
  • 544
  • 25 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Nanosilica-toughened epoxy resins
Surface-modified silica nanoparticles are available as concentrates in epoxy resins inindustrial quantities for nearly 20 years. Meanwhile, they are used in many epoxy resin formulationsfor various applications like fiber-reinforced composites, adhesives or electronic components; even inspace vehicles like satellites. Some of the drawbacks of “classic” epoxy toughening using elastomersas a second phase, like lower modulus or a loss in strength can be compensated by using nanosilicatogether with such tougheners. Apparently, there exists a synergy as toughness and fatigueperformance are increased significantly. This work intends to provide an overview regarding thepossibilities of nanotoughening with silica, the industrial applications of such epoxy resin formulationsand the most recent research results. Furthermore an overview of other material improvements achieved by the modification of epoxy resins with nanosilica is given.
  • 543
  • 05 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Crosslinked nanogel for cancer theranostics
Crosslinked nanogels the structures of which are covalently crosslinked have better physiological stability than micelles and liposomes, making them more suitable for cancer theranostics. The applications of nanogels in drug and gene delivery as well as development of novel cancer therapeutic methods are first introduced, followed by the introduction of applications in optical and multimodal imaging, and imaging-guided cancer therapy. 
  • 543
  • 01 Sep 2020
Topic Review
Nanocarbon-Iridium Oxide Nanostructured Hybrids
Nanostructuring nanocarbons with IrOx yields to material coatings with large charge capacities for neural electrostimulation, and large reproducibility in time, that carbons do not exhibit.
  • 543
  • 21 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Generation Nanobubbles in Flotation
Nanobubbles (NBs), also known as ultrafine bubbles, are extremely small (finer than 1 µm) and have several unique physical and physicochemical properties, making them very different from sub-micron (SMBs < 50 µm), micro- (MBs, 50–1000 µm) and conventional air bubbles (CBs, >1000 µm). They can be categorized into surface NBs (formed at solid–liquid interfaces), bulk NBs (exist in bulk liquid and are spherical with a typical diameter of 100–200 nm), and micro-pancakes (quasi-two-dimensional gaseous domains).
  • 543
  • 11 May 2022
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