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Topic Review
All-d-Metal Heusler Alloys
A promising strategy, resulting in novel compounds with better mechanical properties and substantial magnetocaloric effects, is favoring the d–d hybridization with transition-metal elements to replace p–d hybridization. The term given to these materials is “all-d-metal”. 
  • 582
  • 10 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Liquid Crystalline Materials Based on Copper(I) Complexes
This paper provides insight into the various studies that have already been carried out on liquid crystalline materials based on copper(I) complexes. Even though the study of copper(I) complexes with respect to their liquid crystalline property is quite few, metallomesogens prepared with different structural components and ligands from groups such as aza macrocycles, alkyl thiolates, ethers, isocyanides, phenanthroline, Schiff bases, pyrazoles, phosphine, biquinoline, and benzoyl thiourea have been reported. A special section is dedicated to the discussion of the emission properties of copper(I) metallomesogens.
  • 581
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Metabolite-Based Hydrogels
Minimalistic peptide- and metabolite-based supramolecular hydrogels have great potential relative to traditional polymeric hydrogels in various biomedical and technological applications. Advantages such as remarkable biodegradability, high water content, favorable mechanical properties, biocompatibility, self-healing, synthetic feasibility, low cost, easy design, biological function, remarkable injectability, and multi-responsiveness to external stimuli make supramolecular hydrogels promising candidates for drug delivery, tissue engineering, tissue regeneration, and wound healing. Non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions, and π–π stacking interactions play key roles in the formation of peptide- and metabolite-containing low-molecular-weight hydrogels. Peptide- and metabolite-based hydrogels display shear-thinning and immediate recovery behavior due to the involvement of weak non-covalent interactions, making them supreme models for the delivery of drug molecules. In the areas of regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, pre-clinical evaluation, and numerous other biomedical applications, peptide- and metabolite-based hydrogelators with rationally designed architectures have intriguing uses. 
  • 581
  • 03 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Silicones Renewed for Emerging Applications
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the basis of the vast majority of silicone products that have found use in almost all areas of human activity, from cosmetics to the nuclear or aerospace industry. After 80 years from the first direct synthesis of silicones (2020), they still enjoy great interest, both scientific and applicative, being extremely versatile. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), in spite of its well-defined helical structure, is an amorphous fluid even at extremely high molecular weights. The cause of this behavior is the high flexibility of the siloxane backbone and the lack of intermolecular interactions attributed to the presence of methyl groups. These make PDMS incompatible with almost any organic or inorganic component leading to phase separation in copolymers and blends. The material itself is hydrophobic and permeable to gases, with low viscosity, solubility parameters, low glass transition temperature and very low surface tension. This makes the silicones spread very easily, distinguished by their ability to form temporary films and thin coatings to more substantial durable films or with self-leveling and adhesive capacities as stand-alone sheets of different sizes and thickness, from a few micrometers to a few millimeters. One application that is based on this property is the formation of free standing, flexible submicrometric films of interest as active elements in certain devices, such as dielectric elastomer transducers (DETs). Dielectric elastomers (DEs), three-dimensional networks of long and flexible polymer chains, are soft active materials showing promising properties that mimic natural muscle for use in advanced robotics and smart prosthetics, as well as in haptic and microfluidic devices. They enjoy great interest due to their inherent flexibility, large strain, high efficiency, high energy density, and fast response of the material. In addition, some of their properties can be adjusted as required by chemical, physical or combined approaches. 
  • 580
  • 23 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Neuroprotective Diets
Nutrition and rehabilitation are crucial in post-stroke recovery, especially in the elderly. Since stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability, there is a need to promote special, individually tailored nutrition strategies targeting older patients with low motor ability. Chronic stroke survivors have higher risk of developing nutrition-related chronic diseases, such as sarcopenia, anemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis.
  • 580
  • 10 Aug 2021
Topic Review
MOFs Derivative One-Dimensional Nanofibers
MOFs are synthesized by the incorporation of both inorganic and organic units through template-guided assembly (e.g., mesh synthesis). The design flexibility of MOF in terms of highly variable geometry and functionality based on the choices of incorporated constituents has attracted increasing attentions from researchers in catalysis, energy, and electronics. The main advantage of MOFs in comparison with conventional porous materials is the achievement of specific structure and tunable porosity at the molecular level by adjusting both metal species and organic ligands. For instance, the typical porosity of MOFs is higher than 50% of the total solid volume while the surface area of MOFs generally ranges from 1000 to 10,000 m2 g−1, both superior to those found in conventional porous materials such as carbons and molecular sieve. 
  • 579
  • 23 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Heavy Metal Adsorption Using Magnetic Nanoparticles
Research on contamination of groundwater and drinking water is of major importance. Due to the rapid and significant progress in the last decade in nanotechnology and its potential applications to water purification, such as adsorption of heavy metal ion from contaminated water, a wide number of articles have been published. An evaluating frame of the main findings of recent research on heavy metal removal using magnetic nanoparticles, with emphasis on water quality and method applicability, is presented. A large number of articles have been studied with a focus on the synthesis and characterization procedures for bare and modified magnetic nanoparticles as well as on their adsorption capacity and the corresponding desorption process of the methods are presented.
  • 579
  • 21 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Sicana odorifera Naudim Vell. Seeds By-Products
The “Kurugua” (Sicana odorifera) is a native fruit that demonstrates attractive nutritional, coloring, flavoring, and antioxidant properties. The main by-products from the processing and consumption of kurugua fruit are epicarp and seeds.
  • 579
  • 29 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Indirect Type Electrochemical Glycated Hemoglobin Sensors
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the gold standard for measuring glucose levels in the diagnosis of diabetes due to the excellent stability and reliability of this biomarker. HbA1c is a stable glycated protein formed by the reaction of glucose with hemoglobin (Hb) in red blood cells, which reflects average glucose levels over a period of two to three months without suffering from the disturbance of the outside environment. A number of simple, high-efficiency, and sensitive electrochemical sensors have been developed for the detection of HbA1c. Indirect type electrochemical HbA1c sensors work based on the measurement of fructosyl valine/fructosyl valine histidine (FV or FVH), which is a form of enzymatic determination. According to the type of enzymes, indirect sensors are divided into fructosyl amino acid oxidase (FAO) type, fructosyl peptide oxidase (FPOX) type, and molecularly imprinted catalyst (MIC) type sensors. These enzymes usually need to be processed with nanotechnology or imprinting technology to immobilize them on the electrode surface. 
  • 579
  • 21 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Consumer Behavior, Sunscreens, and Tools for Photoprotection
Sunscreens and photoprotection tools along with consumer habits and behaviors, can mitigate the skin damage caused by excessive solar radiation. For example, protecting oneself in the shade, avoiding inadequate sun exposure at times of higher incidence of UVB radiation (between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.), wearing clothes with sun protection factors, applying sunscreens at the correct amounts and intervals, and wearing glasses with anti-UVA and UVB lenses are effective measures for protecting an individual.
  • 579
  • 03 Apr 2023
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