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Topic Review
Isoquinolone
Isoquinolones (isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones): the atom- and step-economic syntheses.
  • 887
  • 14 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs)
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are small fragments of graphene with lateral dimensions less than 100 nm, with properties deriving from both graphene and carbon points.
  • 887
  • 11 May 2021
Topic Review
Bioactive Peptides in Dairy Products
All the research pertaining to the detection and identification of minute peptides (<4 amino acids) present in multifarious mixtures are in their early stages because of a lack of stringent peptide identification methodologies. Precise amendments like discerned censoring of ions against previously identified sequences of peptides can help overcome the aforementioned issues faced at times of optimization procedures during or after MS analysis. A state-of-the-art genesis in structure-informedpeptide identification and quantification methodologies can be guaranteed by added enrichment in the sensitivity and resolving capacity of MS, in conjunction with novel cutting edge ionization techniques. Modernization of the software for foodomics and peptidomics research and peptide identification is needed. Also, explicit and coherent structure identification in common and especially in synchronization with LC-MS requires significant attention. A continuous focus will be given to understanding of the biochemical functions of milk ingredients and their dietary implications by using a variety of powerful tools like -omics, cell models, gut microbiome research and imaging. The introduction of innovative facilities including is an absolute requirement for the development of approaches, such as proteomics, recombinant enzymes and microbial fermentation to study and improve the metabolic and health consequences of the various roles of bioactive peptides throughout the expression of genes. Consequently, the formulation of products incorporating bioactive peptides should examine the allergenicity, toxicity and stability of the a ected metabolic functions during gastrointestinal digestion. Despite considerable progress in the isolation, purification and assessment of bioactivities of BP from various natural sources, several hurdles still remain to be overcome, particularly technological advancements to produce them on a broad scale without losing activity. In conclusion, milk-derived bioactive peptides o er substantial future prospects for product development to support health, with their multifunctional assets.  
  • 887
  • 30 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Indomethacin Increases HSA-Quercetin Binding
Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant carrier protein in the human body. Competition for the same binding site between different ligands can lead to an increased active concentration or a faster elimination of one or both ligands. Indomethacin and quercetin both bind to the binding site located in the IIA subdomain. To determine the nature of the HSA-indomethacin-quercetin interactions, spectrofluorometric, docking, molecular dynamics studies, and quantum chemical calculations were performed. The results show that the indomethacin and quercetin binding sites do not overlap. Moreover, the presence of quercetin does not influence the binding constant and position of indomethacin in the pocket. However, binding of quercetin is much more favorable in the presence of indomethacin, with its position and interactions with HSA significantly changed. These results provide a new insight into drug-drug interactions, which can be important in situations when displacement from HSA or other proteins is undesirable or even desirable. This principle could also be used to deliberately prolong or shorten the xenobiotics' half-life in the body, depending on the desired outcomes.
  • 887
  • 06 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Red Mud Liquid Media Recycling
Bauxite residue, known as red mud, is a by-product of alumina production using the Bayer process. Currently, its total global storage amounts to over 4.6 billion tons, including about 600 million tons in Russia. The total global storage of red mud occupies large areas, leading to environmental damage and increasing environmental risks. Moreover, it contains a significant amount of sodium, which is easily soluble in subsoil water; therefore, a sustainable approach for comprehensive recycling of red mud is necessary. The bauxite residue contains valuable elements, such as aluminum, titanium, and scandium, which can be recovered using liquid media.
  • 886
  • 22 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Renal Nanomedicine
The kidneys are vital organs performing several essential functions. Their primary function is the filtration of blood and the removal of metabolic waste products as well as fluid homeostasis. Renal filtration is the main pathway for drug removal, highlighting the importance of this organ to the growing field of nanomedicine. The kidneys (i) have a key role in the transport and clearance of nanoparticles (NPs), (ii) are exposed to potential NPs’ toxicity, and (iii) are the targets of diseases that nanomedicine can study, detect, and treat. 
  • 885
  • 12 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Sesquiterpenoids Specially Produced by Fungi
Fungi are widely distributed in the terrestrial environment, freshwater, and marine habitat. Only approximately 100,000 of these have been classified although there are about 5.1 million characteristic fungi all over the world. These eukaryotic microbes produce specialized metabolites and participate in a variety of ecological functions, such as quorum detection, chemical defense, allelopathy, and maintenance of symbiosis. Fungi therefore remain an important resource for the screening and discovery of biologically active natural products. Sesquiterpenoids are arguably the richest natural products from plants and micro-organisms. The rearrangement of the 15 high-ductility carbons gave rise to a large number of different skeletons. At the same time, abundant structural variations lead to a diversification of biological activity. 
  • 885
  • 06 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Nanofluids Usage in Solar Energy
Nanofluids not only enhance (in most of the cases) the thermal efficiency, convection heat transfer coefficient, and exergy efficiency of the system but also can decrease the entropy generation of the system.
  • 884
  • 10 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Interesterified Fat
Interesterified fat is a type of oil where the fatty acids have been moved from one triglyceride molecule to another. This is generally done to modify the melting point, slow rancidification, and create an oil more suitable for deep frying or making palatable margarine with low saturated fat content. It is not the same as partial hydrogenation which produces trans fatty acids, but interesterified fats used in the food industry can come from hydrogenated fat,[clarification needed] for simplicity and frugality.
  • 884
  • 26 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Applications of Boron Nitride QDs
Boron nitride quantum dots (BNQDs) have gained increasing attention for their versatile fluorescent, optoelectronic, chemical, and biochemical properties. 
  • 883
  • 06 Apr 2021
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