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Topic Review
Diet Quality Index and Obesity among Chinese Adults
Obesity, or excess adiposity, is a leading public health problem worldwide that results in significant medical burdens. Diet quality scores designed based on Western-style dietary patterns were demonstrated to be good indicators of obesity in developed but not developing countries. This entry shows that diet quality scores tailored to the Chinese diet demonstrate a strong relationship with both undernutrition and overnutrition, as well as being underweight and obese in Chinese adults. 
  • 399
  • 28 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Clinical Manifestation, Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Monkeypox Virus
Monkeypox virus is a double-stranded DNA virus species that causes disease in humans and mammals. It is a zoonotic virus belongs the genus Orthopoxviral, the family of Poxviridae, associated with the smallpox virus in many aspects. 
  • 399
  • 03 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Sensor-Based Fall Risk Assessment
Fall risk assessment is a complicated process based on detection and analysis of factors leading to falls. Sensor-based fall risk assessment is a promising technology which uses sensors to assess risk of falls by analyzing factors like gait characteristics.
  • 399
  • 07 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Revolutionizing Epidemic to Pandemic
Coronavirus belongs to the vast group of viruses, under the family Coronaviridae with the subfamily of Ortocoronavirinae found in the order Nidovirales and realm Riboviria.
  • 399
  • 15 Apr 2022
Topic Review
LncRNAs Display Circadian Rhythmicity in Zebrafish Larvae
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play crucial roles in various life processes, including circadian rhythms. Although next generation sequencing technologies have facilitated faster profiling of lncRNAs, the resulting datasets require sophisticated computational analyses. In particular, the regulatory roles of lncRNAs in circadian clocks are far from being completely understood.
  • 398
  • 07 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Reasons for Withdrawal of Microplastics from Abrasive Cosmetics
Microplastics have been widely used in cosmetics and, among other things, very often as an abrasive component in peelings. This type of additive is not the main cause of environmental microplastic contamination, but it can pose a significant threat to the environment and to people. Manufacturers are increasingly taking the decision to withdraw microplastics from cosmetics, replacing them with alternatives, and this is also happening because of legal requirements. 
  • 398
  • 17 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in India
Although diabetes mellitus during pregnancy (DIP) causes hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP), it is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) that remains the major cause of HIP. DIP, either antedating or detected during pregnancy, is the more hazardous form of HIP, producing severe hyperglycemia early in pregnancy, which persists postpartum; on the other hand, GDM causes mild hyperglycemia late in pregnancy, which usually disappears after delivery. As normal pregnancy advances, it causes insulin resistance. 
  • 398
  • 10 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Falsified Medicines Directive in European Union
The Falsified Medicines Directive (FMD) and the Delegated Regulation (DR) impact the pharmaceutical supply chain. The European Union published the Falsified Medicines Directive, introducing a safety feature on the packages of drugs, ensuring the verification of a drug’s authenticity before supplying it to the patient. The details of implementing a Europe-wide system for authentication of medicines is included in the Delegated Regulation, published in February 2016. The deadline for DR implementation was 9 February 2019, with the authentication systems required to be operational and running before this deadline. The FMD impacts the entire pharmaceutical supply chain.
  • 398
  • 24 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Complex Interventions in Suicide Research
It has been argued that effective action towards addressing a complex concern such as suicide requires a combination of evidence-based strategies. While these complex public health approaches have recently gained importance, little is known about their characteristics and what contributes to their complexity. 
  • 398
  • 01 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Road Safety Near a Landfill Assessment in Europe
In Europe, many governments are struggling with the ambitious target of zero road deaths by 2050. On the other hand, they are facing remediation of illegal waste dumps, subject to European infringement procedures and involving a lot of workers and heavy materials transportation. In Italy, a specific department was started in 2017 to carry out the remediation of 200 illegal landfills of urban/industrial solid waste. According to the Italian legislative framework on construction site management, risk assessment should also include risks for the external context caused by the working site.
  • 397
  • 26 May 2023
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