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Topic Review
Specific Foods and Cancer Mortality
Many cancers are associated with poor diet, lack of physical activity, and excess weight. Improving any of these three lifestyle factors would likely reduce cancer deaths. 
  • 240
  • 11 May 2023
Topic Review
Consequences on Family Informal Caregiving during COVID-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply affected the quality of people’s social life, strongly impacting family dynamics, too, not only in the harshest periods of the pandemic but also afterwards. Pandemic-related measures led to a ‘stay-at-home’ approach that increased the mental and physical burdens of family caregivers, irrespective of whether they were living together with the person they were caring for or not. 
  • 242
  • 24 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Primary Amenorrhea in Adolescents
Primary amenorrhea (PA) describes the complete absence of menses by the age of 15 years. It is a devastating diagnosis that can affect the adolescent’s view of her femininity, sexuality, fertility and self-image. A normal menstrual cycle can occur only in the presence of: a properly functioning hypothalamus–pituitary axis, well-developed and active ovaries, outflow tract without abnormalities. Any dysfunction in any of these players can result in amenorrhea.
  • 240
  • 05 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Strategies to Manage an Outbreak for Avian Influenza
Avian influenza (AI) is a contagious disease among the poultry population with high avian mortality, which generates significant economic losses and elevated costs for disease control and outbreak eradication. AI is caused by an RNA virus part of the Orthomyxoviridae family; however, only Influenzavirus A is capable of infecting birds. AI pathogenicity is based on the lethality, signs, and molecular characteristics of the virus. Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) virus has a low mortality rate and ability to infect, whereas the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus can cross respiratory and intestinal barriers, diffuse to the blood, damage all tissues of the bird, and has a high mortality rate.
  • 238
  • 26 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Adolescents
Trauma in childhood and adolescence has long-term negative consequences in brain development and behavior and increases the risk for psychiatric disorders. Among them, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during adolescence illustrates the connection between trauma and substance misuse, as adolescents may utilize substances to cope with PTSD.
  • 237
  • 04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Diagnosis of Low Back Pain
Low back pain ranks as the leading cause of years lived with disability worldwide. Although best practice guidelines share a consistent diagnostic approach for the evaluation of patients with low back pain, confusion remains as to what extent patient history and physical examination findings can inform management strategies.
  • 237
  • 01 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Treatment of Ankyloglossia
For the treatment of lingual frenulum, it can be concluded that clinicians prefer the use of a diode laser due to its numerous advantages over the use of a scalpel blade. Many studies agree on the usefulness of incorporating myofunctional rehabilitation for patients to improve lingual mobility, both before and after surgical therapy. The development of adequate lingual mobility can contribute to improving the patient’s quality of life, especially if the problem is detected early, as it can prevent situations such as palatal contractions, dental crowding, and sleep-related breathing disorders.
  • 237
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Metabolomic Patterns in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
The spectrum of information related to precision medicine in diabetes generally includes clinical data, genetics, and omics-based biomarkers that can guide personalized decisions on diabetes care. Given the remarkable progress in patient risk characterization, there is particular interest in using molecular biomarkers to guide diabetes management. Metabolomics is an emerging molecular approach that helps better understand the etiology and promises the identification of novel biomarkers for complex diseases. Both targeted or untargeted metabolites extracted from cells, biofluids, or tissues can be investigated by established high-throughput platforms, like nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. Metabolomics is proposed as a valuable tool in precision diabetes medicine to discover biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and management of the progress of diabetes through personalized phenotyping and individualized drug-response monitoring.
  • 237
  • 03 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Community-Based Pharmacies
As pharmacy practice shifts its focus toward population health care needs that serve public health, there is a need to understand community-based pharmacies’ contributions to the reduction in health disparities.
  • 233
  • 16 Jun 2023
Topic Review
DNA Aptamers to Detect Vibrio spp.
Early and accurate diagnoses of pathogenic microorganisms is essential to correctly identify diseases, treating infections, and tracking disease outbreaks associated with microbial infections, to develop precautionary measures that allow a fast and effective response in epidemics and pandemics, thus improving public health. Aptamers are a class of synthetic nucleic acid molecules with the potential to be used for medical purposes, since they can be directed towards any target molecule. Currently, the use of aptamers has increased because they are a useful tool in the detection of specific targets. 
  • 233
  • 29 Feb 2024
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