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Topic Review
Highly Occupied Public Environments
A minimum of 30 m3/h per person is required in common environments. Highly occupied public environments gather a large number of people in some time periods, and an air supply of 20–30 m3/h per person is needed. In addition, the highly occupied public environments have larger spaces, the personnel activities are more complex, and the social distance is shorter. Personnel activities may increase the pollutant transmission distance. During the COVID-19 pandemic, public safety in crowded places became a great concern.
  • 317
  • 14 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Development of Vibrio cholerae Candidate Vaccine Strain
Approximately 1/6 of humanity is at high risk of experiencing cholera epidemics. Therefore, сholera epidemics and outbreaks represent one of the global health threats. Vaccination is an effective global health measure to prevent cholera epidemics. There is a need for the development of more effective, stable, and safe vaccines against cholera. We describe a strategy to genetically engineer a nontoxigenic natural Vibrio cholerae strain to develop a genetically stable and relatively safe candidate vaccine strain. Our approach is applicable for developing vaccine strains against cholera and other important human pathogens.
  • 317
  • 22 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Post-Treatment Concerns of Cancer Survivors in Alberta, Canada
As the rates of cancer incidence and survival increase in Canada, more patients are living in the post-treatment survivorship phase of their cancer journey. Identifying cancer survivors’ concerns and unmet needs is important so that health care teams can provide relevant information, supports, and resources. Secondary data analysis was carried out on the Alberta patient sample from the 2016 Pan-Canadian Transitions Study survey, designed by the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer. 
  • 317
  • 27 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Genetic Polymorphisms as Biomarkers of Susceptibility
A clean environment is fundamental to human health and well-being. However, environment can be a souce of  various stressors, such as bad quality of air, pollution, noise and hazardous substances affecting our health.The human health is also influenced by climate change, producing flood, heatwaves and presence of vector-borne disease affecting the global health. The climate changes, loss of biodiversity loss and land degradation contribute to impact the human well-being. Human health is influenced by various factors; these include genetic inheritance, behavioral lifestyle, socioeconomic and environmental conditions, and public access to care and therapies in case of illness, with the support of the national health system. All these factors represent the starting point for the prevention and promotion of a healthy lifestyle. However, it is not clear to what extent these factors may actually affect the health of an entire population. The exposures to environmental and occupational factors are several, most of which might be poorly known, contributing to influencing the individual health. Personal habits, including diet, smoking, alcohol, and drug consumption, together with unhealthy behaviors, may inevitably lead people to the development of chronic diseases, contributing to increase aging and decrease daily life expectancy. Despite such risks, humans should modify the bad habits in favour of virtuous habits. 
  • 316
  • 19 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Nurses’ Job Satisfaction in Saudi Arabian Hospitals
Job satisfaction can be defined as the extent to which people feel either positively or negatively about their work. Job satisfaction can also be defined as the degree to which an employee is satisfied with the benefits they receive from their work, especially when it comes to intrinsic motivations. It is a complicated concept that has been studied in many different fields, such as nursing, business, psychological science, and sociology. 
  • 316
  • 19 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Molecular Mechanisms and Factors of Ovarian Aging
Infertility is a global problem on the rise. The WHO defines it as a condition of the reproductive system that can be diagnosed when there is a “failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse”. It occurs due to four broad causes: lifestyle choices, inheritable factors, health conditions, and aging, with a degree of overlap between each of these factors. There are various mechanisms and factors that contribute to infertility, most of which have some type of connection with oxidative damage.
  • 316
  • 19 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Exercise Timing on Fat Oxidation during Exercise
Due to increasingly diverse lifestyles, exercise timings vary between individuals: before breakfast, in the afternoon, or in the evening. The endocrine and autonomic nervous systems, which are associated with metabolic responses to exercise, show diurnal variations. Moreover, physiological responses to exercise differ depending on the timing of the exercise. The postabsorptive state is associated with greater fat oxidation during exercise compared to the postprandial state. The increase in energy expenditure persists during the post-exercise period, known as “Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption”.
  • 315
  • 15 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Wearables for Monitoring and Postural Feedback
Wearables offer a promising solution for simultaneous posture monitoring and/or corrective feedback. Some wearables have the feature to provide real-time corrective sensory feedback when adopting inadequate postures. This feedback can be auditory (typically conveyed through diverse auditory channels), visual (usually displayed by screens or projectors), haptic (application of vibratory stimulus), or a combination of these, providing information based on performance or outcome.
  • 314
  • 29 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Telemedicine Respiratory Therapist Service of COVID-19
The telemedicine respiratory therapist (eRT) interventions were components of an evidence-based care bundle and included ventilator liberation protocols, low tidal volume protocols, tube patency, and an extubation checklist. In addition, the proactive rounding of patients, including ventilator checks, was included. An eRT service can support the bedside RT providers, effectively monitor best practice bundles, and carry out patient–ventilator assessments. It was effective in certain emergent situations and reduced the exposure of respiratory therapists (RTs) to COVID-19. 
  • 314
  • 16 Feb 2022
Topic Review
The Devastating Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Memory
Various factors contribute to sleep deprivation (SD) in the modern world, and these include alcohol consumption, shifting work, exposure to excessive light and noise, stress, anxiety, and certain medical conditions. Insomnia, narcolepsy, restless leg syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea are some of the manifestations of SD. Numerous studies have examined the effects of SD on memory, with the majority showing that sleep disorders negatively affect memory.
  • 315
  • 16 Aug 2023
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