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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence in Breast Cancer Medical Imaging
The heavy global burden and mortality of breast cancer emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Imaging detection is one of the main tools used in clinical practice for screening, diagnosis, and treatment efficacy evaluation, and can visualize changes in tumor size and texture before and after treatment. The overwhelming number of images, which lead to a heavy workload for radiologists and a sluggish reporting period, suggests the need for computer-aid detection techniques and platform. In addition, complex and changeable image features, heterogeneous quality of images, and inconsistent interpretation by different radiologists and medical institutions constitute the primary difficulties in breast cancer screening and imaging diagnosis. The advancement of imaging-based artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted tumor diagnosis is an ideal strategy for improving imaging diagnosis efficient and accuracy. By learning from image data input and constructing algorithm models, AI is able to recognize, segment, and diagnose tumor lesion automatically, showing promising application prospects. Furthermore, the rapid advancement of “omics” promotes a deeper and more comprehensive recognition of the nature of cancer.
  • 346
  • 03 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Climate Change and Child Health Inequality
Geographical location, socioeconomic resources and intergenerational differences were explored as dimensions of inequality with regard to the increased risk of adverse health outcomes among children resulting from climate change. Definitions and descriptions of climate change and of child health in the reviews were explored as secondary themes.
  • 345
  • 28 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Dyslexia
Developmental dyslexia is a common complex neurodevelopmental disorder that persists well into adulthood and, thus, could have lifelong detrimental effects. Dyslexia has been defined as “deficient literacy acquisition despite adequate intellectual ability and sufficient educational exposure”.  It can be looked  from latest neuroscientific models.
  • 345
  • 02 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Controlling Upper Limb Prostheses Using Sonomyography
A ground-breaking study by Zheng et al. investigated whether ultrasound imaging of the forearm might be used to control a powered prosthesis, and the term “sonomyography” (SMG) was coined by the group. Ultrasound signals have recently garnered the interest of researchers in the area of HMIs because they can collect information from both superficial and deep muscles and so provide more comprehensive information than other techniques. Due to the great spatiotemporal resolution and specificity of ultrasound measurements of muscle deformation, researchers have been able to infer fine volitional motor activities, such as finger motions and the dexterous control of robotic hands.
  • 345
  • 27 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Bacillus Calmette–Guérin Vaccine against Mycobacterium leprae Infections
Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is a vaccine made from attenuated strains of M. bovis, a close relative of M. tuberculosis, and is routinely used in countries where tuberculosis (TB) is hyper-endemic. Mycobacterium leprae is a non-motile, acid-fast bacillus from the mycobacterium family. M. leprae is a non-culturable, obligate intracellular pathogen that causes a chronic granulomatous infection characterized predominantly by peripheral nerve damage and prominent skin lesions known as Leprosy or Hansen’s disease.
  • 345
  • 11 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Intelligent Nanobiosensors for SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis
The novel coronavirus appeared to be a milder infection initially, but the unexpected outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), commonly called COVID-19, was transmitted all over the world in late 2019 and caused a pandemic. Human health has been disastrously affected by SARS-CoV-2, which is still evolving and causing more serious concerns, leading to the innumerable loss of lives. Smart and intelligent nanomaterial-enabled biosensors (nanobiosensors) have already proven their utility for the diagnosis of several viral infections, as various detection strategies based on nanobiosensor devices are already present, and several other methods are also being investigated by researchers for the determination of SARS-CoV-2 disease.
  • 345
  • 19 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Effect of Exercise on Brain Health
It has been well established in epidemiological studies and randomized controlled trials that habitual exercise is beneficial for brain health, such as cognition and mental health. Generally, it may be reasonable to say that the physiological benefits of acute exercise can prevent brain disorders in late life if such exercise is habitually/chronically conducted. 
  • 344
  • 29 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Salt in Low Back Pain and Comorbid Conditions
Low back pain is the world’s leading disability, but the etiology of the majority of low back pain is non-specific with no known cause. Moreover, overuse of opioids to treat low back pain is a widespread problem. Many global populations consume excess sodium chloride, which can lead to fluid overload in hypervolemia, and cause swelling and temporary weight gain associated with low back pain. Numerous conditions comorbid with low back pain are also potentially mediated by excessive salt intake, including migraine headache, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, venous thromboembolism, liver disease, respiratory disorders, chronic kidney disease, pregnancy complications, and multiple sclerosis.
  • 344
  • 14 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Family-Centred Care for Children with Biopsychosocial Support Needs
Family-centred care is associated with improved health and well-being of the child, improved parental reports of satisfaction of care, greater efficiency of health care resources, increased access to care, better family-provider communication and better transition services. Descriptions and principles of family-centred care are well established but there are very few specific definitions and a systematic review by Kuhlthau et al. noted the need to more clearly define and operationalise family-centred care.
  • 343
  • 23 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Myocarditis in Athletes Recovering from COVID-19
To assess the event rates of myocarditis detected by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) in athletes who recovered from COVID-19. The prevalence of COVID-19-related myocarditis in the athletic population ranges from 1 to 4%. Even if the event rate is quite low, current screening protocols are helpful tools for a safe return to play to properly address CMR studies. 
  • 343
  • 22 Jun 2022
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