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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Just and Fair ICU Triage Process
Triage is a dynamic and complex decision-making process to determine fair access to medical care in mass casualty situations. Triage takes place through healthcare settings including Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Triage governing principles have been subject to ethical debates for a long time specifically with the recent global pandemic of COVID-19. 
  • 145
  • 01 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Lung Cancer Incidence and Socioeconomic Status
Lung cancer treatment and patient care continue to advance, yet concerns persist about whether these improvements are equally accessible to all socioeconomic groups. Socioeconomic disparities exist in lung cancer incidence, screening, effective treatment, overall survival, and prognosis. One of the key contributing factors to low socioeconomic status that is amenable to change is low education. Lower educational attainment is oftentimes linked to various factors, including smoking habits, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, lower paid and unhealthier occupations, exposure to environmental pollutants, and genetic-familial risks, all contributing to an elevated incidence of lung cancer.
  • 201
  • 29 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Wearables for Monitoring and Postural Feedback
Wearables offer a promising solution for simultaneous posture monitoring and/or corrective feedback. Some wearables have the feature to provide real-time corrective sensory feedback when adopting inadequate postures. This feedback can be auditory (typically conveyed through diverse auditory channels), visual (usually displayed by screens or projectors), haptic (application of vibratory stimulus), or a combination of these, providing information based on performance or outcome.
  • 183
  • 29 Feb 2024
Topic Review
DNA Aptamers to Detect Vibrio spp.
Early and accurate diagnoses of pathogenic microorganisms is essential to correctly identify diseases, treating infections, and tracking disease outbreaks associated with microbial infections, to develop precautionary measures that allow a fast and effective response in epidemics and pandemics, thus improving public health. Aptamers are a class of synthetic nucleic acid molecules with the potential to be used for medical purposes, since they can be directed towards any target molecule. Currently, the use of aptamers has increased because they are a useful tool in the detection of specific targets. 
  • 148
  • 29 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Brain Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Deficits after Cardiac Arrest
Cardiac arrest occurs as a result of a sudden stop of the heartbeat and its mechanical activity, which causes cessation of systemic circulation and blood flow in the brain, which triggers global brain ischemia. Brain neuropathology after cardiac arrest includes primary ischemic injury and secondary reperfusion injury, which occur sequentially, acutely during cardiac arrest and resuscitation, and chronically in the post-resuscitation stag.
  • 251
  • 29 Feb 2024
Topic Review
AI for Biomarker Analysis in Early Cancer Detection
Governments worldwide have prioritized multicancer early detection (MCED) for the better management of cancers. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a promising technology to enhance the performance of MCED. In the field of MCED, applying AI has also proven to be efficient in improving diagnostic performance. Harnessing AI has become a must-use technology in analyzing MCED data because MCED tools typically target tens of analytical targets. 
  • 129
  • 29 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Third-Generation Antipsychotics and Lurasidone in Substance-Induced Psychoses Treatment
Substance-induced psychosis (SIP) is a psychiatric condition triggered by substance misuse or withdrawal, characterized by unique features distinct from those of primary psychotic disorders. These distinctive features include a heightened prevalence of positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, in addition to a spectrum of mood and cognitive disturbances. 
  • 142
  • 28 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Hospital Processes
When thinking about a hospital, we can subdivide it into four main areas: Infrastructure, Outpatient and Emergency, Clinical and Surgical Inpatient, and Diagnosis and Treatment. For each of these areas, this entry can list several subareas and several important processes for providing hospital care.
  • 84
  • 28 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Symptom Burden in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the sixth leading cause of death in the United States in 2022 and the third leading cause of death in England and Wales in 2022, is associated with high symptom burden, particularly dyspnoea. Frailty is a complex clinical syndrome associated with an increased vulnerability to adverse health outcomes.
  • 128
  • 27 Feb 2024
Topic Review
AI and Radiomics in Bladder Cancer
The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics in oncology marks a pivotal moment in the evolution of personalized medicine, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of urological cancers such as bladder, kidney, and prostate cancer. These cutting-edge technologies are reshaping the foundations of cancer care, heralding a paradigm shift towards precision-driven methods. The diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer have been profoundly transformed by the recent advancements in AI and radiomics.
  • 82
  • 27 Feb 2024
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