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Topic Review
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Immunology
The immune system comprises many immune cells, including innate and adaptive immune cells. These cells are critical for protecting the host from injuries, infection, and carcinogenesis (i.e., immune surveillance). Improvements in technologies such as microscopy and flow cytometry have accelerated the classification of immune cells. Nevertheless, these methods still have some limitations. The immune system’s complexity, including the heterogeneity, development, differentiation, and microenvironment of immune cells in health and disease, cannot be fully understood using classical theories. A deeper inspection of immunology yields improved immune therapies using advanced technologies. The emergence of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) can revolutionize our understanding of immunology and break through the bottlenecks in immunology. 
  • 289
  • 21 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Simulation-Based Education in Trauma Management
Trauma injuries are an important healthcare problem and one of the main leading causes of death worldwide. Researchers analyzed current practices in teaching trauma management using simulations, with the aim of summarizing them, identifying gaps and providing a critical overview on what has already been achieved.
  • 429
  • 25 Nov 2022
Topic Review
SIDS, Pulmonary Edema, and Sodium Toxicity
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) occurs unexpectedly in an otherwise healthy infant with no identifiable cause of death following a thorough investigation. A general hypervolemic state has been identified in SIDS, and fluid in the lungs suggests the involvement of pulmonary edema and hypoxia as the cause of death.
  • 460
  • 14 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Side Effects of Microbial Transglutaminase
Microbial transglutaminase (mTG) is a heavily used food additive and its industrial transamidated complexes usage is rising rapidly.  It was classified as a processing aid and was granted the GRAS (generally recognized as safe) definition, thus escaping full and thorough toxic and safety evaluations. Despite the manufacturers claims, mTG or its cross-linked compounds are immunogenic, pathogenic, proinflammatory, allergenic and toxic, and pose a risk to public health. 
  • 1.5K
  • 26 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Side Effects and Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccines
Coronavirus vaccines were well-tolerated, safe, and produced an immune response against the virus in most cases. Most postvaccine side effects were mild to moderate, which indicated the building of immunity by the body for protection.
  • 491
  • 16 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Shortage of General Practitioners
The shortage of general practitioners (GPs) and the fact that country doctors’ practices are vanishing—a situation that is currently taking a turn for the worse in some regions of Germany—are issues that have been dealt with in the media as a topic of specific discussion for some time now.
  • 340
  • 25 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Short Vestibular and Cognitive Training for Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a common learning difficulty that does not compromise oral or nonverbal reasoning skills, and it is reported in 5–10% of school-aged children. In the literature, different theories have tried to explain the etiology of this disorder. Phonological impairment is the most known hypothesis for dyslexia; however, others researchers suggested that dyslexia could be due to cerebellar impairments. Interestingly, reading performance and arithmetic skills have been suggested to also be related to cerebellar activity. Several subsequent studies from our group and others examining postural performances in the dyslexia population supported this hypothesis, even if other researchers suggested that such an impairment occurred not only in dyslexia but also in subjects having other types of developmental disorders. A visual attentional deficit has also been reported by Facoetti et al.  and our group showed an abnormal oculomotor pattern in children with dyslexia. Based on these different theories, several researchers have tried to develop different training types in order to improve the reading abilities in children with dyslexia. 
  • 703
  • 05 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Shift Work Disorder
Shift work disorder (SWD), which is characterized by insomnia and excessive sleepiness related with shift work, is one of the most common health problems in shift workers. Shift work disorder causes insomnia, fatigue, worse work performance, an increased likelihood of accidents, and a poor quality of life. In addition, SWD is associated with decreased productivity and increased economic costs. The correct management of SWD is important to prevent sleep disturbances and maintain work performance in shift workers. To diagnose and evaluate SWD, it is necessary to take detailed medical histories, assess the severity of sleep disturbances, and evaluate shift workers’ sleep using a sleep diary and actigraphy. The work-fitness evaluation should include recommendations on how shift workers can reduce their sleep disturbances and increase work performance, as well as the assessment of work performance. This paper reviews previous research on the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of SWD and summarizes the work-fitness evaluation of SWD.
  • 622
  • 04 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
Recent estimates of 8 common bacterial, viral, and parasitic sexually-transmitted infections in the United States (chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, syphilis, herpes simplex virus type 2, human papillomavirus, hepatitis B virus, and human immunodeficiency virus) found them to have a combined prevalence of 67.6 million and incidence of 26.2 million. Though preventative health guidelines have clarified screening recommendations for some populations, many bacterial sexually-transmitted infections (STIs) are asymptomatic, leading to missed opportunities for diagnosis and underreporting of disease prevalence and incidence. The best available estimates, published in early 2021, are from 2018. Overall, it is thought that 1 in 5 people in the United States has an STI, with 45.5% of all new STIs occurring in adolescents and young adults. New infections amount to $16 billion in direct medical costs.
  • 471
  • 24 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Sexuality and Mental Health in Heterosexual Adolescents
During puberty and emerging sexuality, adolescents experience important physical, mental, and social transformations. In the process of dealing with these changes, adolescents can become potentially vulnerable to mental health problems. 
  • 702
  • 22 Apr 2022
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