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Topic Review
Arboviral Disease Outbreaks in the Pacific Islands Countries
Arthropod-borne viral (arboviral) diseases are a significant global health problem accounting for >17% of all infectious disease cases and 1 million deaths worldwide annually. Arboviral diseases are infections caused by over 100 viruses belonging to the Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, Reoviridae, Bunyaviridae, Rhabdoviridae and Orthomyxoviridae families. These viruses are spread to humans through arthropods, including mosquitos, ticks, and flies.
  • 472
  • 17 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Chorioamnionitis, Inflammation and Neonatal Apnea
Preterm birth is considered when childbirth occurs <37 weeks of gestation and represents an important risk factor for neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, with an average of 15 million preterm births annually and 1.1 millions infants who die from various complications.
  • 472
  • 19 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Epidemiological Investigations on Health Effects in Toner-Manufacturing Workers
Adverse health effects can occur in occupational engagements in various industries, and there have been several reports on the contamination of work environments by long-term exposure to chemicals such as heavy metals and organic solvents. Dust has long caused serious health problems at workplaces such as coal mines, tunnel construction, arc welding, metal grinding, foundries, and quarries.
  • 471
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Mupirocin in Bacterial Skin and Soft Tissue Infection
Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) have increased problematically in hospital and ambulatory settings due to the poor immunity of hosts and multidrug-resistant pathogens. Mupirocin (MUP), a global topical antibiotic, is used for the treatment of SSTIs caused by various pathogens due to its unique mechanism of action. However, the therapeutic efficiency of MUP is hampered due to the protein binding and drug resistance caused by frequent use. A combined report covering the various aspects of MUP, such as the synthesis of the novel formulation, loading of the drug, and application against various skin infections, is missing. 
  • 471
  • 11 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Relationship between Severe Asthma and Nasal Polyps
Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common disease worldwide and can be categorized into chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is common in patients with asthma and, particularly, severe asthma. Severe asthma is effectively treated with biologics and the coexistence of severe asthma with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps presents a phenotype that is more likely to respond to such treatment.
  • 471
  • 02 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Management of Advanced Aged Patients with Rib Fractures
Rib fractures are painful and disabling injuries found in chest trauma patients. Elderly patients (age > 60 years old) represent the majority of the victims of major trauma, and rib fractures account for 10% of all trauma admissions. Rib fracture management includes operative and non-operative approaches. Conservative treatment generally consists of satisfactory pain control, respiratory assistance, cough strategies, and deep breathing exercises. Surgical fixation in elderly patients seems to result in better outcomes than conservative treatment in terms of shorter hospitalization time, more favorable pain feedback and reduced associated morbidity. 
  • 470
  • 11 May 2022
Topic Review
Meta-Analysis of Flipped Learning Effects in Nursing Education
This is a meta-analysis of the effect of the outcome variables of fragment learning in nursing education, such as clinical strength, critical thinking ability, self dominance and learning satisfaction.
  • 470
  • 20 Dec 2021
Topic Review
People Feel about Robot-Assisted Surgery
The goal of the entry was to establish the factors that influence how people feel about having a medical operation performed on them by a robot. 
  • 470
  • 14 Dec 2021
Topic Review
The Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in IgA Nephropathy
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease worldwide today. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a polyprotein complex and an important participant in inflammation. The NLRP3 inflammasome participates in a variety of kidney diseases, including IgAN. 
  • 470
  • 31 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Bisphosphonates’ Impact on Dental Procedures
Bisphosphonates are widely used to treat osteoporosis and malignant tumors due to their effectiveness in increasing bone density and inhibiting bone resorption. Dental patients receiving bisphosphonate treatment are at higher risk of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ), necessitating dentists’ awareness of these risks. Topical bisphosphonate applications enhance dental implant success, by promoting osseointegration and preventing osteoclast apoptosis, and is effective in periodontal treatment. 
  • 470
  • 21 Nov 2023
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