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Topic Review
Current Researches in Clinical Aspects of Laboratory Medicine
The medical laboratory Book, " Current Researches in Clinical Aspects of Laboratory Medicine” continues the 3-ed Edition of Book: “Hematological and Metabolically Aspects of Laboratory Medicine”, in the context of international fundamental researches.   The chapters convince the readers that these issues are addressed to medical personal for all specialties, which can find the ideas on physiology, pathophysiology in the light of current concepts and modern principles. The volume is again successful Romanian medical school in abroad, and through this book brings a substantial contribution of Romanian medicine to universal medicine. It is not possible in this review, limited inevitably to be analyzed data presented in the 22 chapters, but we emphasize the following: - "Energy levels of the metabolic pathways in malignant B and T lymphocytes in Review" the chapter presents the latest evidence from the literature on cellular metabolites that may be oncogenic by modifying cell signaling and blocking cellular differentiation. Advances in cancer metabolism research in the last decade have increased our understanding on aerobic glycolysis, anaerobic and other metabolic changes that are associated with cell growth and proliferation. Blocking apoptosis in malignant diseases may be due to the high concentration of ATP from anaerobic metabolism. Energy difference between anaerobic ATP B and T lymphocytes in peripheral blood samples from hematopoietic malignancies measured by bioluminescence was 2.68 μM ATP, a value that appears as an energy transfer between normal B cells and T cells. The energy level can initiate the process of carcinogenesis by suppressing the activity of anti-oncogene proteins. It is concluded that anabolic metabolism in B and T cells in hematological malignancies are under complex regulatory control, directed by receptors on the cell membrane associated with an increase in signal transduction in cells transformed into malignancy. -The research paper " Endogenous effects of alcohol on liver function " sends a signal to the population as grim statistics that mortality from alcoholic liver disease in recent years has been higher than the of several major forms of cancer such as breast, colon and prostate. An international AASLD / ACG 2010 national guidance on the treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis is proposed to be necessary in all treatment centers for liver disease due to chronic alcoholism. -In the chapter "Drugs -induced hemolytic anemia " is presented a case that the best illustrates the cases of laboratory with drug-induced hemolytic anemia (DIHA) which are rarely discovered and for this a specialized laboratory is often required to be performed with optimal serological tests to confirm the diagnosis. Some of the mechanisms involved in DIHA are controversially. Unfortunately, most drugs that cause severe intravascular hemolysis, anemia, renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation times and even death, may have different mechanisms and typically involves drug addiction drug antibodies that trigger activity in serum total complement became the context of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The chapters convince the readers that these issues are addressed to medical personal for all specialties, which can find the ideas on physiology, pathophysiology in the light of current concepts and modern principles. Interests of doctors in all specialties, medical students, staff working in clinical laboratories are based on the fact that this paper constitutes a large volume of data, experiences, clinical and laboratory research in a systematic and logical display. The new volume of para-clinical specialty rests on a solid scientific information, rigorously confronted with the author's own experience gained in basic medical education in the country and abroad.
  • 123
  • 23 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Manual Hysteroscopic Tissue Removal Device for Intrauterine Polyps
Endometrial polyps are isolated or multiple focal intrauterine lesions that may manifest as abnormal uterine bleeding and/or infertility. Electromechanical hysteroscopic tissue removal (mHTR) devices have become the mainstay for removing endometrial polyps, however, given startup and procedural costs for these units, lower-cost disposable manual mHTR systems have been developed. The entry describes the collective experience and effectiveness of a disposable manual mHTR device in both operating room and office settings.
  • 39
  • 22 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Statistical Analysis of Intensive Care Unit COVID-19 Data
COVID-19 caused a pandemic, due to its ease of transmission and high number of infections. The evolution of the pandemic and its consequences for the mortality and morbidity of populations, especially the elderly, generated several scientific studies and many research projects. Among them, researchers have the Predictive Models of COVID-19 Outcomes for Higher Risk Patients Towards a Precision Medicine (PREMO) research project. For such a project with many data records, it is necessary to provide a smooth graphical analysis to extract value from it.
  • 359
  • 10 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Biological Function of Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanovesicle
Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PELNs) are bilayer membrane-enclosed nanovesicles secreted by plant cells, serving as carriers of various substances such as proteins, RNA, and metabolites. The mounting evidence suggests that PELN plays a crucial role in transmembrane signaling, nutrient transportation, apoptosis, and regulation of gut microbiota composition. This makes it a promising “dark nutrient” for plants to modulate human physiology and pathogenesis.
  • 77
  • 02 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Parental Needs and QoL in Children with Pompe Disease
Pompe disease (PD) is a rare metabolic disorder with progressive neuromuscular consequences that negatively impact a child’s development and quality of life (QoL). Despite an improved prognosis with treatment, the risk for early death due cardiorespiratory crisis remains. Parents not only face physical fatigue and family distress in coping with the child’s special needs but also experience emotions, worries, and unexpressed needs (a “humanistic burden”) that require supportive interventions. 
  • 59
  • 28 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Vaginal Infections and Treatment
Vaginal infections are a global public health issue affecting worldwide up to 70% of women of reproductive age. The symptoms or clinical manifestations are itching, irritation, abnormal vaginal discharge, and discomfort when urinating and during sexual activity.
  • 316
  • 26 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Training provided to Paramedics in Low-Acuity Clinical Conditions
Ambulance services around the world are increasingly attending to calls for non-emergency conditions. These lower-acuity conditions do not always require patients to be transported to the emergency department. Consequently, over the past two decades, ambulance services have implemented strategies to support paramedics in diverting non-urgent patients to alternative care pathways. However, assessing and managing low-acuity conditions can be challenging for paramedics, especially when education and training has traditionally focused on emergency care.
  • 63
  • 22 Mar 2024
Topic Review
How Immune Responses Are Regulated
Most basic studies directed at how immune responses are regulated employ chemically “simple antigens”, usually purified proteins. The target antigens in many clinical situations, such as in autoimmunity, infectious diseases and cancer, are chemically “complex”, consisting of several distinct molecules, and they often are part of a replicating entity. 
  • 57
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Assisted Robots in Therapies for Children
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have deficits that affect their social relationships, communication, and flexibility in reasoning. There are different types of treatment (pharmacological, educational, psychological, and rehabilitative). Currently, one way to address this problem is by using robotic systems to address the abilities that are altered in these children.
  • 58
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Ontology-Based Parkinson’s Disease Monitoring and Alerting with PHKG-GNNs
In the realm of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) research, the integration of wearable sensor data with personal health records (PHR) has emerged as a pivotal avenue for patient alerting and monitoring. The complex domain of PD patient care was delved into, with a specific emphasis on harnessing the potential of wearable sensors to capture, represent and semantically analyze crucial movement data and knowledge. The primary objective is to enhance the assessment of PD patients by establishing a robust foundation for personalized health insights through the development of Personal Health Knowledge Graphs (PHKGs) and the employment of personal health Graph Neural Networks (PHGNNs) that utilize PHKGs. The objective is to formalize the representation of related integrated data, unified sensor and PHR data in higher levels of abstraction, i.e., in a PHKG, to facilitate interoperability and support rule-based high-level event recognition such as patient’s missing dose or falling. This is an extension of researchers' previous related work, presents the Wear4PDmove ontology in detail and evaluates the ontology within the development of an experimental PHKG. Furthermore, the integration and evaluation of PHKG within the implementation of a Graph Neural Network (GNN) are focused on. The importance of integrating PD-related data for monitoring and alerting patients with appropriate notifications are emphasized. These notifications offer health experts precise and timely information for the continuous evaluation of personal health-related events, ultimately contributing to enhanced patient care and well-informed medical decision-making. Finally, a novel approach for integrating personal health KGs and GNNs for PD monitoring and alerting solutions is proposed.
  • 177
  • 18 Mar 2024
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