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Topic Review
Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Breast cancer (BC) is the foremost common cause of death in women, and its early diagnosis will help treat and increase patients’ survival. BC is about 100 times more common in women than in men. The risk factors for BC are alcohol intake, body mass index, hormone replacement therapy with estrogen and progesterone, radiation exposure, early and late menarche, and late age in first childbirth. Also, current age (increasing age increases the risk of developing BC), history of BC, breast biopsy, cytology, family history, inherited mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, and the risk of BC and interval cancers is four to six times higher in women with very dense breast (DB) tissue than in those with fatty breasts.
  • 191
  • 26 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Common Bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae) for Sportspeople
The third-largest land plant family, Fabaceae (Papilionaceae), includes trees, shrubs, and perennial or annual herbaceous plants containing both numerous beneficial constituents (e.g., proteins, carbohydrates, dietary fibre) and antinutrients (e.g., saponins, tannins, phytic acid, gossypol, lectins). The consumption of leguminous plants allows sports people to complete their requirements for nourishment but, on the other hand, it contributes to digestive system ailments.
  • 113
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Treatment of Ankyloglossia
For the treatment of lingual frenulum, it can be concluded that clinicians prefer the use of a diode laser due to its numerous advantages over the use of a scalpel blade. Many studies agree on the usefulness of incorporating myofunctional rehabilitation for patients to improve lingual mobility, both before and after surgical therapy. The development of adequate lingual mobility can contribute to improving the patient’s quality of life, especially if the problem is detected early, as it can prevent situations such as palatal contractions, dental crowding, and sleep-related breathing disorders.
  • 119
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Microfluidic-Based Smart Diagnostic Platform for COVID-19 Diagnosis
The pandemic of COVID-19 and its widespread transmission have made people realize the importance of early, quick diagnostic tests for facilitating effective cure and management. The primary obstacles encountered were accurately distinguishing COVID-19 from other illnesses including the flu, common cold, etc. While the polymerase chain reaction technique is a robust technique for the determination of SARS-CoV-2 in patients of COVID-19, there arises a high demand for affordable, quick, user-friendly, and precise point-of-care (POC) diagnostic in therapeutic settings. The necessity for available tests with rapid outcomes spurred the advancement of POC tests that are characterized by speed, automation, and high precision and accuracy. Paper-based POC devices have gained increasing interest in recent years because of rapid, low-cost detection without requiring external instruments. 
  • 134
  • 04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Biomarkers in Monitoring Radiotherapy Toxicity
Radiotherapy (RT) is a major part of cancer treatment. The reported variability in patient response to this modality can interfere with the continuation of best-possible care, promote side effects, and lead to long-term morbidity. Tools to predict a patient’s response to radiation could be highly useful in improving therapeutic outcomes while minimizing unnecessary and toxic exposure to radiation.
  • 217
  • 30 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Health, Nutrition, and Food Literacy
Nutrition and food literacy are two important concepts that are often used interchangeably, but they are not synonymous. Nutrition refers to the study of how food affects the body, while food literacy refers to the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to make informed decisions about food and its impact on health. Despite the growing awareness of the importance of food literacy, food illiteracy remains a global issue, affecting people of all ages, backgrounds, and socioeconomic status. Food illiteracy has serious health implications as it contributes to health inequities, particularly among vulnerable populations. 
  • 324
  • 20 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Exercise and Cancer
Regular exercise promotes protection against certain types of cancer, such as breast, colon cancer, and possibly prostate, endometrial, lung, and pancreatic cancer, while for ovarian and testicular cancer there is insufficient evidence to support this relationship. Exercise is a simple and low-cost non-pharmacological intervention that is of great importance for cancer prevention, also improving the prognosis of cancer patients, promoting prolonged survival.
  • 153
  • 03 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Risk of Hepatitis B Virus in  Africa Region
Chronic hepatitis B caused by persistent infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major public health threat in endemic regions like the World Health Organization (WHO) Africa region. Chronic infection with HBV poses a 15–25% lifetime risk of acquiring liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. This is inversely proportionate to the age of acquisition and in the absence of interventions, ~90% of babies born to mothers testing positive for the hepatitis B surface (HBsAg) or e (HBeAg) antigens will develop chronic infection, raising significant global public health concern. 
  • 178
  • 01 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Transmastoid Superior Semicircular Canal Plugging for SSCD
The transmastoid plugging of a superior semicircular canal is considered a safe and effective technique for the management of superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD). 
  • 213
  • 20 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Relational Databases for the Detection of Clusters Infection
Several bacterial strains have acquired significant antibiotic resistance and can, therefore, become difficult to contain. To counteract such trends, relational databases can be a powerful tool for supporting the decision-making process. The case of Klebsiella pneumoniae diffusion in a central region of Italy was analyzed as a case study. A specific relational database is shown to provide very detailed and timely information about the spatial–temporal diffusion of the contagion, together with a clear assessment of the multidrug resistance of the strains. 
  • 141
  • 17 Oct 2023
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