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Topic Review
Architectural Evaluation of Healthcare Facilities
The architectural design of healthcare institutions impacts patient experience and health outcomes. As the architectural landscape evolves, healthcare institutions face multifaceted challenges, ranging from demographic shifts to rapid technological advancements. Addressing these challenges necessitates innovative architectural solutions that cater to immediate healthcare needs while aligning with broader objectives of creating sustainable, efficient, and user-centric built environments.
  • 151
  • 28 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Artemisia- Antiviral and Immunomodulation Effects
Artemisia is one of the most widely distributed genera of the family Astraceae with more than 500 diverse species growing mainly in the temperate zones of Europe, Asia and North America. The plant is used in Chinese and Ayurvedic systems of medicine for its antiviral, antifungal, antimicrobial, insecticidal, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective properties. Research based studies point to Artemisia’s role in addressing an entire gamut of physiological imbalances through a unique combination of pharmacological actions. Terpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, caffeoylquinic acids, sterols and acetylenes are some of the major phytochemicals of the genus. Notable among the phytochemicals is artemisinin and its derivatives (ARTs) that represent a new class of recommended drugs due to the emergence of quinoline drug-resistant pathogens.
  • 2.2K
  • 30 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Aspergillus Section Fumigati in Firefighter Headquarters
Aspergillus species are filamentous fungi commonly observed in different environmental compartments such as soil, water and air, with an emphasis on decaying vegetation, seeds and grains, where they prosper as saprophytes. Aspergillus species are also found in different indoor environments, and some species are considered opportunistic pathogens for humans. Aspergillus conidia can be abundant in outdoor and indoor environments and are easily dispersed in the air depending on the developed activities. Since the conidia are very small, they are easily inhaled and may colonize the upper and lower respiratory tract of exposed individuals. Aspergillus section Fumigati is one of the Aspergillus sections more frequently related to respiratory symptoms due to the small size of the conidia, thermotolerance, its nutritional versatility, and several other virulence factors . Additionally, the development of resistance to antifungal drugs, mainly in this Aspergillus section, is a phenomenon with growing prevalence in Europe, being associated with therapeutic failure and high mortality rates.
  • 406
  • 14 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Association between Air Pollutant and COVID-19 Confirmed Cases
The COVID-19 pandemic raises awareness of how the fatal spreading of infectious disease impacts economic, political, and cultural sectors, which causes social implications. Across the world, strategies aimed at quickly recognizing risk factors have also helped shape public health guidelines and direct resources; however, they are challenging to analyze and predict since those events still happen. 
  • 426
  • 28 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Colorectal Cancer
The advent of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) provides a quantitative means to study the relationship between the pro-inflammatory diet and CRC. It allows the assessment of the inflammatory potential of individual food items using an FFQ, by which a DII score can be calculated. A higher DII score suggests a stronger inflammatory potential of a food item. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was extensively used to examine the inflammatory potential of diet related to colorectal cancer (CRC).
  • 384
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Associations between Population Density and Health Outcomes
Both density of population and proximity to man-made activities, as well as the natural environment, concentrate risk for humans. Population density is therefore a measure of “the degree of pressure on natural resources” as well as an indicator reflecting the level of human activity within a specific bounded landscape. Exposure to contaminants from soil, water or air coupled with social or economic vulnerability and population density may increase potential harm to health at a subclinical or clinical level.
  • 1.3K
  • 14 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Athletes during an Ramadan Fasting Period
The Ramadan fasting period (RFP) means abstaining from consuming food and/or beverages during certain hours of the day—from sunrise to sunset. Engaging in exercise and sports during the RFP leads to the lipolysis of adipose tissue and an increase in the breakdown of peripheral fat, leading to an increase in fat consumption. The effects of the RFP on functional, hematological, and metabolic parameters needs further study as existing studies have reported contradictory results. The differences in the results of various studies are due to the geographical characteristics of Muslim athletes, their specific diets, and their genetics, which explain these variations.
  • 437
  • 30 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Atmospheric Environment and COVID-19 Pandemic
Since the COVID-19 outbreak, the scientific community has been trying to clarify various problems, such as the mechanism of virus transmission, environmental impact, and socio-economic impact. The spread of COVID-19 in the atmospheric environment is variable and uncertain, potentially resulting in differences in air pollution. Many scholars are striving to explore the relationship between air quality, meteorological indicators, and COVID-19 to understand the interaction between COVID-19 and the atmospheric environment. COVID-19 and air quality, meteorological factors affecting the spread of COVID-19, air pollution, and human health are the main topics. Environmental variables have a certain impact on the spread of SARS-CoV-2, and the prevalence of COVID-19 has improved the atmospheric environment to some extent. 
  • 281
  • 29 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Avian Influenza Virus: Genomic Epidemiology
Avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a significant challenge to poultry production, with negative repercussions for both the economy and public health worldwide. Since January 2003, a total of 868 human cases of AIV H5N1 have been reported from four countries in the Western Pacific Region, as of 9 March 2023. When AIVs are circulating in poultry, there is a risk of sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases due to exposure to infected poultry or contaminated environments.
  • 233
  • 15 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Benefits of Exercise for Lowering Cardiovascular Stress Reactivity
Exaggerated cardiovascular reactivity to and delayed recovery from stress increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases in the future. It is evident that exercise training and aerobic fitness are associated with reduced cardiovascular reactivity and enhanced recovery from stress, but the effects with acute exercise are less characterized. This research sought to explore the range and variety of available studies using acute exercise to lower stress-induced cardiovascular reactivity and recovery. In general, acute exercise particularly of the moderate-intensity, aerobic type effectively reduced stress-induced Blood pressure (BP) reactivity in the healthy population and in those with high blood pressure. This shows that with just a single bout of exercise can help to lower cardiovascular reactivity in response to stress without having to undergo extensive exercise training. Further research would be recommended to establish if other forms of exercise intensity or type are equally beneficial to lower exaggerated cardiovascular responses to stress.
  • 365
  • 15 Apr 2022
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