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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Specialists’ Dual Practice within Public Hospital Setting
In line with the commitment of the Malaysian government and Ministry of Health (MOH) to prevent the brain drain of specialists from public hospitals, they have been permitted to perform dual practice within the public hospital setting (DPH) since 2007. DPH allowed them to hold jobs in both public and private practices within the same public hospitals that they are affiliated to, permitting these specialists to treat public and private patients. Nevertheless, the information regarding DPH in Southeast Asia region is still limited. In Malaysia, public specialists are allowed to perform DPH, which is also known as Full Paying Patient (FPP) Service. FPP Service as DPH has been well-governed and regulated by the MOH while serving as a means to retain specialists in the public healthcare system by providing them with opportunities to obtain additional income. Such a policy has also reduced the financial burden of the government in subsidizing healthcare.
  • 534
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Social Prescribing, Health, and Well-being
Social prescribing programmes (SP) are person-centred coaching schemes meant to help participants improve individual circumstances, thereby to reduce demand on health and social care.
  • 577
  • 03 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Social Determinants of Health and Microbiome in Children
The evolving field of microbiome research offers an excellent opportunity for biomarker identification, understanding drug metabolization disparities, and improving personalized medicine. However, the complexities of host–microbe ecological interactions hinder clinical transferability. Among other factors, the microbiome is deeply influenced by age and social determinants of health, including environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle conditions. In this entry, the bidirectionality of social and host–microorganism interactions in health will be discussed.
  • 569
  • 20 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Service Quality of Healthcare Research Domain
Hospital care and other services have become increasingly important for patient satisfaction. Better hospital care and assistance improve patients’ medical conditions, management trust, and financial success. In this regard, monitoring and measuring hospital service quality is necessary to improve patient satisfaction and wellness. However, the evaluation of healthcare service quality is a complex and critical task due to its intangible nature.
  • 193
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Sentiment Analysis of E-News in Public Health Crisis
Public awareness campaigns play a pivotal role in disseminating relevant information on health promotion and disease prevention, especially to key populations. Sentiment analysis can be defined as the task of extracting subjective information about sentiments (positive, negative, or neutral) from different sources. Texts, biometric data, comments on social networks, product feedback, and others are examples of sources. This analysis allows us to know factors that influence certain social phenomena and can be used, for example, to verify the acceptance of a given product or even to understand how the target audience perceives marketing messages.
  • 221
  • 06 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Self-Directed Online Learning and Mental Health during COVID-19
During COVID-19, self-directed learning, contrasted with standardized learning, became a necessary and promoted learning method in public schools—one potentially supportive of mental health regularly in public schools through the use of online learning. This is important because negative mental health has been classified as a global crisis, with the highest and lowest student achievers recognized as at greatest risk. 
  • 247
  • 29 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Screening, Stratification and Scores
Technological innovations including risk-stratification algorithms and large databases of longitudinal population health data and genetic data are allowing us to develop a deeper understanding how individual behaviors, characteristics, and genetics are related to health risk. The clinical implementation of risk-stratified screening programmes that utilise risk scores to allocate patients into tiers of health risk is foreseeable in the future.
  • 536
  • 13 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Salt, Sugar and Hypertension
The pathogenesis of arterial hypertension is multifactorial, one of the components being represented by incorrect eating habits. In particular, excessive salt and sugar intake can contribute to the onset of hypertension in children, particularly in subjects with excess weight. The recent modification of dietary styles and the current very wide availability of salt and sugar has led to an exponential increase in the consumption of these two nutrients. The dietary intake of salt and sugar in children is in fact much higher than that recommended by health agencies. The purpose of the entry is to explore the relationship between an excessive dietary intake of salt and sugar and the onset of arterial hypertension in children  and to show the most important clinical studies that demonstrate the association between these two nutrients and arterial hypertension in pediatric age.
  • 837
  • 29 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Salivary XIST expression and OSCC
Studies have shown that there is a disparity between males and females in south-east Asia with regard to oral cancer morbidity. XIST may play an important role in oral cancer morbidity when associated with sex. Lack of salivary lncRNA XIST expression was associated with an increased risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). 
  • 347
  • 29 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Revolutionizing HIV-1 Viral Load Monitoring in India
India continues to grapple with a significant burden of HIV infections. Despite notable progress in prevention and treatment efforts, multiple challenges, such as high-risk populations, inadequate testing facilities, and limited access to healthcare in remote areas, persist. Though the Government of India offers HIV-1 plasma viral load testing at various medical centers, aiding treatment decisions and monitoring antiretroviral therapy effectiveness, enhancing care for individuals living with HIV under the National AIDS Control Program (NACP), the nation’s large population and diverse demographics further complicate its outreach and response. Hence, strategic interventions and alternative methods of testing remain crucial to curbing HIV transmission and improving the quality of life for those affected. Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling has emerged as a convenient and cost-effective alternative for HIV-1 viral load testing, revolutionizing the landscape of diagnostic and monitoring strategies for HIV infection. Though the plasma-based viral load remains the gold standard for monitoring HIV-1, DBS-based HIV-1 viral load testing holds immense promise for improving access to care, particularly in resource-limited settings where traditional plasma-based methods may be logistically challenging. DBS entails the collection of a small volume of blood onto filter paper, followed by drying and storage. This approach offers numerous advantages, including simplified sample collection, transportation, and storage, reducing the need for cold-chain logistics. 
  • 66
  • 18 Feb 2024
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