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Topic Review
Political Connection and Environmental Protection Investment
In state-owned enterprises, the existence and the increasing proportion of politically connected directors on the board have increased corporate environmental protection investment. In non-state-owned enterprises, the existence and the increasing proportion of politically connected directors on the board lead to lower corporate environmental protection investment levels.
  • 253
  • 27 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Audit Expectation Gap in External Audit of Banks
The function of the external audit, largely as a result of the scandals and financial crises that have occurred, has been the subject of debate and criticism. This aspect has fostered discussions around the Audit Expectation Gap, which, in short, is understood as the differences in expectations between the audit’s results and what is expected from it.
  • 270
  • 27 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Country Risk and Financial Stability
An efficient legal and regulatory framework is essential to complement the capital buffer against country risk. Policies must be introduced to reduce country risk to enable African banks to adequately support the African economy in good and challenging times. Overall, country risk remains a threatening factor for bank stability, and consequently, banks need adequate capital to reduce the impact of country risk on bank stability in Africa.
  • 192
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Digital Credit and Its Determinants
Digital credit has gained much attention from academic researchers, practitioners, and policymakers worldwide. Digital credit models may include invoice trading, peer-to-peer and balance sheet lending, and equity crowdfunding or funding. Researchers aim to investigate the drivers of digital credit when considering the importance of money laundering and terror financing risks and to answer the research question “What are the key determinants of digital credit?”
  • 168
  • 23 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Dependency and Elderly Care
The rapid ageing of populations around the world is creating complex challenges for national governments. The establishment of sustainable and equitable long-term care systems for old and dependent people is one of the main issues of social policy in developed countries. 
  • 286
  • 20 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Granger Causality
Identifying causal network problems is important for effective policy and management, and recommendations on climate, epidemiology, and financial regulations. Identifying causality in complex systems can be difficult. Granger causality is an approach that uses predictability as opposed to correlation to identify causation between time series variables. Variable X is said to “Granger cause” Y if the predictability of Y declines when X is removed from the universe of all possible causative variables. The key requirement of Granger causality is separability, namely that information about a causative factor is independently unique to that variable and can be removed by eliminating that variable from the model.
  • 240
  • 17 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Fund Manager Skill and Mutual Fund Performance
A mutual fund is a common instrument for households and corporations to invest in the financial markets through diversified portfolios of securities. Investing in managed mutual funds involves relying on a fund manager’s knowledge, expertise, and investment strategy to beat the fund’s benchmark. 
  • 575
  • 17 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Bitcoin in Conventional Markets
Blockchain technology is being closely studied from a technical point of view and links to the Internet of Things (IoT) as well as its impact on financial investment. A secure blockchain is a distributed network in which information is stored as a chain-connected block. This innovative technology is based on cryptography and decentralization principles, ensuring high data security and integrity. Using cryptographic algorithms, the blockchain can help or face challenges in ensuring privacy and protection against fraud and manipulation. The combination of cryptographic algorithms and consensus mechanisms enables a variety of uses for blockchain technology, such as the development of applications with enhanced security, blockchain distribution networks, intelligent grids or digital financial systems. One of the most evocative immersions of blockchain technology into conventional markets is the innovative use of blockchain to create crypto-assets and the expansive attraction of investors to adopt blockchain currencies for investment portfolio diversification.
  • 256
  • 16 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Opportunities and Challenges in Quantum Computing for Business
Quantum computing is emerging as a groundbreaking force, promising to redefine the boundaries of technology and business. 
  • 936
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
CSR and Taxation Impact on Nigeria’s Sustainable Development
Nigeria’s upstream oil and gas sector is extensively contributing to the economic growth of the country, but the sector is plagued with challenges around corporate social responsibility (CSR) and taxation practices. The Petroleum Industry Act (PIA) was introduced to tackle these challenges towards promoting sustainable development in Nigeria.
  • 266
  • 13 Nov 2023
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