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Topic Review
Applications of Droplet Microsystems in Optics and Photonics
The micro- and nano-machining techniques applied to solid materials have yielded remarkable success in the semiconductor industry by integrating complex functionalities into microscale devices, thus spearheading the modern electronics revolution. Extending similar miniaturization strategies to process and assemble soft matter for creating multileveled functional structures over various length scales presents significant scientific and practical potential. Soft matter, including liquid crystals (LC), colloids, polymers, and biological substances, exhibits widespread influence across nature, living organisms, daily life, and industry. The biomimetic properties, responsiveness to stimuli, and efficacy in controlled release and sensing make soft matter extensively applicable in biology and chemistry.
  • 57
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Nuanced Concept of the Evanescent Field Ratio
Photonic sensors utilize light–matter interaction to detect physical parameters accurately and efficiently. They exploit the interaction between photons and matter, with light propagating through an optical waveguide, creating an evanescent field beyond its surface. This field interacts with the surrounding medium, enabling the sensitive detection of changes in the refractive index or nearby substances. By modulating light properties like intensity, wavelength, or phase, these sensors detect target substances or environmental changes. Advancements in this technology enhance sensitivity, selectivity, and miniaturization, making photonic sensors invaluable across industries. Their ability to facilitate sensitive, non-intrusive, and remote monitoring fosters the development of smart, connected systems. 
  • 50
  • 26 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Microstructured Optical Fibers in Ultrafast Optics
With the development of laser technology, microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) have become an important part of ultrafast optics, providing excellent platforms for ultrafast laser pulse generation, amplification, and compression, promoting the development of fiber laser systems to generate high power, high pulse energy, and few-cycle duration pulses.
  • 170
  • 20 Feb 2024
Biography
Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, born on November 7, 1888, and passed away on November 21, 1970, was a distinguished Indian physicist renowned for his contributions to the study of light scattering. Alongside his student K. S. Krishnan, he developed a spectrograph and made a groundbreaking discovery – the modification of light scattering when it passes through a transparent material. This phenome
  • 195
  • 17 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Advancing Surface Plasmon Enhanced Fluorescence based POC technologies
Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic platforms are globally employed in modern smart technologies to detect events or changes in the analyte concentration and provide qualitative and quantitative information in biosensing. Surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) technology has emerged as an effective POC diagnostic tool for developing robust biosensing frameworks. The simplicity, robustness and relevance of the technology has attracted researchers in physical, chemical and biological milieu on account of its unique attributes such as high specificity, sensitivity, low background noise, highly polarized, sharply directional, excellent spectral resolution capabilities.
  • 74
  • 18 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Nanophotonic Platforms for Enhancing Chirality Sensing
Chiral sensing is crucial in the fields of biology and the pharmaceutical industry. Many naturally occurring biomolecules, i.e., amino acids, sugars, and nucleotides, are inherently chiral. Their enantiomers are strongly associated with the pharmacological effects of chiral drugs. The nanophotonic platform allows for a stronger interaction between the chiral molecules and light to enhance chiral sensing. 
  • 82
  • 16 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Neuromorphic Photonic Integrated Circuits
Neuromorphic photonics is a cutting-edge fusion of neuroscience-inspired computing and photonics technology to overcome the constraints of conventional computing architectures. Its significance lies in the potential to transform information processing by mimicking the parallelism and efficiency of the human brain. Using optics and photonics principles, neuromorphic devices can execute intricate computations swiftly and with impressive energy efficiency. This innovation holds promise for advancing artificial intelligence and machine learning while addressing the limitations of traditional silicon-based computing. 
  • 71
  • 10 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Wavefront Sensors and Aberration Sensors in Ophthalmology
The wavefront sensor is one of the main elements of the adaptive vision correction system. Its task is to measure the aberrations of the wavefront and transmit the results of these measurements to the processing device. The main causes of wavefront aberrations in the eye are the shape and optical properties of the cornea, pupil and lens. In modern diagnostic devices, wave aberrations are described in terms of Zernike polynomials (OSA and ANSI standards). Nowadays, there are a wide variety of wavefront sensors.
  • 81
  • 02 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Liquid Crystal Lenses
Liquid crystal (LC) lenses may be used by themselves or as a supplement of glass lenses, e.g., to tune up the power of the glass lens within a certain range, with functionality equivalent to commercial progressive lenses, but with improved performance since the power of the whole lens is modified by a sensor providing autofocus, as in digital cameras.
  • 184
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Chemiluminescence Measurements of Premixed Flames Applying Abel Transform
The temperature field and chemiluminescence measurements of axisymmetric flame are obtained simultaneously in only one image. Digital Laser Speckle Displacement measures temperature fields, and direct image flame determines chemiluminescence values. Applying the Abel transform of axisymmetric objects for volume visualization requires smooth intensity profiles. Due to the nature of the experimental setup, direct image flame is corrupted with speckle noise and a crosstalk effect. These undesirable effects deteriorate the measurement results. Then, experimental data need crosstalk correction and speckle noise reduction to improve the measurements. 
  • 186
  • 29 Dec 2023
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