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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Carbon Tax in Taiwan
By 2020, there were 30 countries that had already implemented or were scheduled to implement a carbon tax, including South Africa and Singapore, both of which began to implement their carbon tax in 2019. At the end of 2019, the European Union (EU) adopted the European Green Deal. The EU aims to achieve a legally binding target of net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 through the adoption of the European Climate Law. The EU is also introducing the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) to prevent carbon leakage from other countries into the EU and encourage carbon taxation in other countries. The research retrospectively analyzed the structural path dependence and other difficulties that were faced during Taiwan’s attempted transitions toward a low-carbon economy. In combination with the common issues among developmental states, the technocratic decision-making in East Asia and the high-carbon industries have shaped the carbon lock-in effect to a certain degree. Additionally, the case of Taiwan illustrates how long-term low energy prices and wages are structured. Our study analysis showed that a brown economy reinforces the carbon lock-in effect and delays low-carbon transitions, resulting in the stagnation of attempts for sustainable economic transformation. Unless major external forces that are sufficient to break the deadlock are introduced, genuine low-carbon reforms seem unlikely.
  • 468
  • 05 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Challenges in Managing American Unconventional Natural Gas Development
The United States sits atop vast reserves of natural gas. Geologists estimate that the nation is endowed with approximately 2828.8 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, with most of the recoverable reserves lying thousands of feet beneath the earth’s surface in tight shale formations. To extract natural gas from the tight shale, producers employ a technique known as hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing requires millions of gallons of water, sand, and chemicals to be pumped through wells at high pressures to break up the rock, free the gas, and transport it to the surface. Because this process differs from traditional or conventional natural gas extraction, hydraulically fractured wells are known as unconventional wells, and hydraulic fracturing is known as unconventional natural gas development.
  • 259
  • 07 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Citizen Participation and Climate Change
Citizen-led mitigation and adaptation are key to climate policy advancement and acceleration, particularly within an urban development context. The top-down approach requires the development of clear action plans for the involvement and engagement of citizens to accelerate bottom-up climate mitigation and adaptation efforts within the urban context.
  • 535
  • 31 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Climate Security
Climate security refers to the protection of countries and societies from conflicts and riots caused by climate change. As climate change becomes more apparent, climate security has been vigorously debated in the international community.
  • 465
  • 22 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Climate Services
The use of climate services (CS) for the provisioning of climate information for informed decision-making on adaptation action has gained momentum. CS is a scientifically-based information and products that enhance users’ knowledge and understanding about the impacts of climate on their decisions and actions.) “Climate services, involve the timely production, translation, and delivery of useful climate data, information and knowledge for societal decision-making and climate-smart policy and planning”.
  • 638
  • 21 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Climate-Smart Agriculture of Hungarian Agribusiness
Climate change and agriculture interact with each other in many ways and have a complex impact. The agriculture sector needs to be prepared to adapt to the expected effects of climate change, and emphasis must be placed on prevention to achieve emission reduction targets. The research explores the current situation in the agricultural sector, the risks of climate change, as well as the Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) solutions that appear at Hungarian agribusiness. Examining the climate innovation activities of farms shows a coherence of the practical application. The research is based on a questionnaire survey of Hungarian agribusiness and the country directorates of the National Chamber of Agriculture. The investigation confirmed that although farmers are susceptible to Agri-Innovation, they only partly exploit the potential of digitalization. For agriculture, the spread of agricultural digitalization and technology transfer is an excellent opportunity to increase agricultural production, maintain and improve its market position, and increase its digital maturity, which can also enhance the integration of climate innovation and sustainability aspects supporting the green economic development.
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Community Acceptance of Sustainable Social Housing in Mumbai
Housing is an essential aspect of sustainable development. Through its construction, design, use and demolition, housing contributes to the consumption of natural and man-made materials resources, water and energy. As sustainable development is highly interlinked with the concept of quality of life, well-being and liveability, sustainability measures are increasingly at the forefront of housing provision efforts as housing is a significant tool to deliver both quality of life and sustainable development. The imperative of climate variability means that people's housing technologies and design need to be more sustainable in reducing their contribution to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Sustainable housing is expected to improve energy efficiency, ensure access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene, and reduce waste and water pollution. These structural and design elements of housing, alongside other housing components such as housing location, environment and expenditure burden, can, directly and indirectly, affect people’s choices and chances to improve their quality of life.
  • 543
  • 16 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Conservation-Compatible Retrofit Solutions
Historic, listed, or unlisted, buildings account for 30% of the European building stock. Since they are complex systems of cultural, architectural, and identity value, they need particular attention to ensure that they are preserved, used, and managed over time in a sustainable way. This implies a demand for retrofit solutions able to improve indoor thermal conditions while reducing the use of energy sources and preserving the heritage significance. Often, however, the choice and implementation of retrofit solutions in historic buildings is limited by socio-technical barriers (regulations, lack of knowledge on the hygrothermal behaviour of built heritage, economic viability, etc.). 
  • 740
  • 24 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling Supply Chain
An increasing amount of construction and demolition waste (CDW) is generated in the demolition, retrofitting, and new construction of buildings and municipal infrastructure projects. Engineering construction units, as CDW producers, often follow the principle of prioritizing interests, and will accumulate garbage and send it to landfills.
  • 547
  • 28 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Consumer Perception of Sharing Economy
The idea of sharing economy is based “on the philosophy of access-based consumption where, instead of buying and owning things, consumers want access to goods and prefer to pay for the experience of temporarily accessing them".
  • 1.2K
  • 10 Jan 2022
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