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Topic Review
Aspergillus in Lung Transplant Recipients
Fungal infections are a significant source of morbidity in the lung transplant population via direct allograft damage and predisposing patients to the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are imperative to limit allograft damage.  Aspergillus is among one of the most common sources of fungal infections in lung transplant recipients (LTR).
  • 199
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Adipose-Derived Stem/Stromal Cells in Kidney Transplantation
Kidney transplantation (KT) is the gold standard treatment of end-stage renal disease. Among the many peri-operative complications that can jeopardize transplant outcomes, ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) deserves special consideration as it is associated with delayed graft function, acute rejection, and premature transplant loss. Adipose stem/stromal cells (ASCs) possess specific characteristics that could help prevent, reduce, or reverse IRI. 
  • 503
  • 22 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory and immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system (CNS), commonly affecting young adults and potentially associated with life-long disability. About 14 disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) are currently approved for the treatment of MS. Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (AHSCT) is a highly efficacious and relatively safe therapeutic option for the treatment of highly active MS. Particularly, over recent years, the amount of evidence has grown, with significant improvements in the development of patient selection criteria, choice of the most suitable transplant technique and clinical experience.
  • 486
  • 25 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Bioprinting in Renal Regenerative Medicine
In this new era of technological advancement, three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged in medicine, promising to revolutionize surgical practices. Three-dimensional printing could be defined as “translating” a digital image into a 3D solid object by printing consecutive thin layers of materials. The fusion of tissue engineering and 3D printing has given rise to bioprinting. This technique employs biocompatible printers and "bio-ink" to create intricate tissue structures, while the complete fabrication of functional organs remains a research objective. 3D bioprinting has already shown promising results, especially in the field of microfluidic devices with the development of tissues demonstrating proximal tubules, glomerulus, and tubuloinerstitium functions. Such models could be applied in renal disease modeling and during drug development for nephrotoxicity investigation. 
  • 192
  • 08 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Cell Replacement Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Patients
Cell replacement therapy using stem-cell-derived insulin-producing β-like cells (sBCs) has been proposed as a practical cure for patients with type one diabetes (T1D). sBCs can correct diabetes in preclinical animal models, demonstrating the promise of this stem cell-based approach.
  • 205
  • 03 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Cell Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta with a reduction in dopamine concentration in the striatum. It is a substantial loss of dopaminergic neurons that is responsible for the classic triad of PD symptoms, i.e., resting tremor, muscular rigidity, and bradykinesia. Several therapies for PD may only offer symptomatic relief and do not address the underlying neurodegeneration of PD. The developments in cellular reprogramming have enabled the development of previously unachievable cell therapies and patient-specific modeling of PD through Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs). iPSCs possess the inherent capacity for pluripotency, allowing for their directed differentiation into diverse cell lineages, such as dopaminergic neurons, thus offering a promising avenue for addressing the issue of neurodegeneration within the context of PD. 
  • 159
  • 04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Challenges in the Management of Failing Kidney Graft
Patients with a failed kidney allograft have steadily increase in recent years and returning to dialysis after graft loss is one of the most difficult transitions for chronic kidney disease patients and their assistant physicians. The management of these patients is complex and encompasses the treatment of chronic kidney disease complications, dialysis restart and access planning, immunosuppression withdrawal, graft nephrectomy, and evaluation for a potential retransplant. 
  • 270
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Cold Ischaemia Time and Living Donor Kidney Transplantation
The best therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is kidney transplantation. Results underline the need to keep cold ischaemia time (CIT) as short as possible in living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) (ideally < 4 h), as a shorter CIT in LDKT is associated with a statistically significant lower incidence of DGF and higher graft survival compared to a prolonged CIT. However, clinical impact seems limited, and therefore, in LDKT programmes in which the CIT might be prolonged, such as kidney exchange programmes, the benefits outweigh the risks. To minimize these risks, it is worth considering including CIT in kidney allocation algorithms and in general take precautions to protect high risk donor/recipient combinations.
  • 316
  • 06 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Contemporary Biomarkers for Renal Transplantation
Renal transplantation (RT) is the preferred treatment for end-stage renal disease. However, clinical challenges persist, i.e., early detection of graft dysfunction, timely identification of rejection episodes, personalization of immunosuppressive therapy, and prediction of long-term graft survival. Biomarkers have emerged as valuable tools to address these challenges and revolutionize RT patient care. 
  • 402
  • 09 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Coronary Artery Disease in the Lung Transplant Patient
Lung transplantation can greatly improve quality of life and extend survival in those with end-stage lung disease. In order to derive the maximal benefit from such a procedure, patients must be carefully selected and be otherwise healthy enough to survive a high-risk surgery and sometimes prolonged immunosuppressive therapy following surgery. Patients therefore must be critically assessed prior to being listed for transplantation with close attention paid towards assessment of cardiovascular health and operative risk. One of the biggest dictators of this is coronary artery disease.
  • 111
  • 10 Jan 2024
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