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Topic Review
Safety and Efficacy of Laparoscopic Caudate Lobectomy
Resection of the caudate lobe of the liver is considered a highly challenging type of liver resection due to the region’s intimacy with critical vascular structures and deep anatomic location inside the abdominal cavity. Laparoscopic resection of the caudate lobe is considered one of the most challenging laparoscopic liver procedures. 
  • 423
  • 22 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Fibrinogen-Thrombin-Impregnated Collagen Patch
Surgery for major salivary gland tumors, including parotidectomy, is routinely performed by head and neck surgeons.
  • 416
  • 07 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence in Breast Surgery
Breast reconstruction is a pivotal part of the recuperation process following a mastectomy and aims to restore both the physical aesthetic and emotional well-being of breast cancer survivors. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a revolutionary technology across numerous medical disciplines. The role of AI in the domain of breast reconstruction is explored. 
  • 416
  • 17 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Minimally Invasive Surgery of the Thymus
The trend for thymoma surgery has been to increase utilization of minimally invasive options for resection; however, the primary objective should be to perform an oncological resection. One must consider the stage of tumor, presence of myasthenia gravis, presence of lymphadenopathy, and size of thymoma prior to deciding optimum surgical strategy.
  • 415
  • 10 Feb 2022
Topic Review
High Infection Eradication of Two-stage Exchange Arthroplasty
Two-stage exchange arthroplasty remains the gold standard in the United States for treatment of chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). This technique resulted in a relatively high infection eradication, however, the mortality rate is alarmingly high. Antibiotic resistant organisms appear to be highest risk factor for failure.
  • 415
  • 25 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Management of Low-Risk Thyroid Cancers
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, representing 2.9% of all new cancers in the United States (US). It has an excellent prognosis, with a five-year relative survival rate of 98.3%, and has a higher frequency in females than males, with ratio of 3:1. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) represents 90% of all thyroid malignancies and includes three main types: papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), the most common type, comprising 85% of all DTC; follicular thyroid cancer (FTC); and the rare subtype, Hürthle (oncocytic) cell thyroid cancer (2–5%).
  • 414
  • 16 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Speed_Bump_Sign as a Diagnostic Tool for Acute Appendicitis
The ‘speed bump sign’ is a clinical symptom characterised by aggravated abdominal pain while driving over speed bumps. The speed bump sign is a useful ‘rule-out’ test for diagnosing acute appendicitis. With good accessibility, the speed bump sign may be added as a routine part of taking the history of patients with abdominal pain.
  • 411
  • 25 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Gastric Cancer with Peritoneal Metastases
Gastric cancer (GC) has a poor prognostic and only one in four patients will have survived by 5 years after diagnosis. These poor results are due to the fact that most patients are diagnosed in advanced stages; peritoneal metastases (PM) are especially frequent and are difficult to treat. PM are considered a terminal stage of GC with a poor survival rate and are treated with palliative systemic chemotherapy. The treatment of PM from different origins has evolved; cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) have become the treatment of choice for many malignant diseases that affect the peritoneum. CRS and HIPEC have also been used for patients with GC and PM, achieving survival results that have never been achieved when using systemic chemotherapy alone. The use of HIPEC can even prevent the development of peritoneal recurrences in patients with locally advanced GC as adjuvant therapy, can reduce the volume of peritoneal disease as neoadjuvant therapy, and can control symptoms in a palliative setting.
  • 411
  • 13 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Minimally Invasive Approach for Multiple Hepatocellular Carcinoma
The best therapy for patients with multiple hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within the Milan Criteria is liver transplantation (LT). Unluckily, LT cannot be offered to all the patients. For the intermediate staged multiple HCC trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) still remains the treatment of choice. However, a growing body of evidence is showing better outcomes after surgery than TACE. Trans-arterial radioembolization and stereotaxic body radiation therapy can also play an important role in this setting. Furthermore, the role of minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS) for patients with multiple HCC is still debated.
  • 407
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Antibiotic Cement and Spine Surgery
Antibiotic bone cement (ABC) is an effective tool for the prophylaxis and treatment of osteomyelitis due to the controlled, sustained release of local antibiotics. ABC has been proven to be effective in the orthopedic fields of arthroplasty and extremity trauma, but the adoption of ABC in spine surgery is limited. The characteristics of ABC make it an optimal solution for treating vertebral osteomyelitis (VO), a serious complication following spine surgery, typically caused by bacterial and sometimes fungal and parasitic pathogens.
  • 401
  • 24 Jun 2022
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