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Topic Review
Triazolo-Thiadiazole Derivatives
The fusion of 1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole rings results in a class of heterocycles compounds with an extensive range of pharmacological properties. A series of 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,2,4-thiadiazoles was synthesized and tested for its enzyme inhibition potential and anticancer activity. The results show that 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,2,4-thiadiazoles display potent anticancer properties in vitro against a panel of cancer cells and in vivo efficacy in HT-29 human colon tumor xenograft in CB17 severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice.
  • 556
  • 20 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Folates
Folates are crucial to life, as a component and catalyst for essential biochemical reactions, particularly and especially via their central role in the metabolism of nucleotides for DNA synthesis and methylation processes involved in imprinting and epigenesis.
  • 556
  • 29 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Primary Aldosteronism
Primary aldosteronism, mainly caused by aldosterone producing adenomas or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia,  is the most common cause of endocrine hypertension. Information on the role of transcriptomics, epigenetics and metabolomics in the pathophysiology of this disease is summarized herein.
  • 555
  • 23 Dec 2021
Topic Review
WBC and HBOT in Depression
Treatment with antidepressants is often insufficiently effective, especially in treatment-resistant depression. In such a situation, it is possible to change the drug, add a second antidepressant, or use pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods of augmenting the effect of pharmacotherapy. New methods that may fall into the scope of multi-module depression treatment as an augmentation of depression treatment are whole body cryotherapy (WBC) and hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT). 545 records were selected and analyzed for these two treatments and finally three clinical trials were selected for analysis. 
  • 552
  • 22 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Chest Drainage Management
Chest drains are used to preserve respiratory function and haemodynamic stability. One can also utilize a flutter valve, but these do not enable application of negative pressure. The generation of an active sub-atmospheric pressure or vacuum builds the basis of chest drain management. A vacuum is defined as “space with zero pressure” generating a difference in pressure between the pleural space and the atmosphere creates sub-atmospheric pressure in the pleural space, which is used to generate a vacuum in the chest drains.
  • 551
  • 28 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Radiotherapy-Induced Ovarian Damage
Fertility preservation is an emerging discipline, which is of substantial clinical value in the care of young patients with cancer. Chemotherapy and radiation may induce ovarian damage in prepubertal girls and young women. Although many studies have explored the mechanisms implicated in ovarian toxicity during cancer treatment, its molecular pathophysiology is not fully understood.
  • 551
  • 23 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Definition of Hypertension and Establishment of Treatment Targets
Hypertension is the most frequent chronic and non-communicable disease all over the world, with about 1.5 billion affected individuals worldwide. Its impact is currently growing, particularly in low-income countries. Even in high-income countries, hypertension remains largely underdiagnosed and undertreated, with consequent low rates of blood pressure (BP) control.
  • 550
  • 21 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Pathophysiology of Psoriasis
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease, with a chronic relapsing-remitting course, which affects 2–3% of the worldwide population. Psoriasis vulgaris is a common inflammatory, immune-mediated, chronic, and recurrent dermatosis, caused by the interplay between multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. The clinical feature of psoriasis is dominated by erythematous-squamous plaques which usually, but non-exclusively arise symmetrically on the extensor surfaces of the elbows and knees, scalp, lumbosacral area, and it reflects some pathogenetic mechanisms underlying psoriasis, i.e., inflammation, hyperproliferation, angiogenesis.
  • 547
  • 28 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Metformin and Insulin Resistance
Metformin is the most commonly used treatment to increase insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant (IR) conditions such as diabetes, prediabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, and obesity. This study explores the underlying mechanisms of the metformin's effect on IR mainly through the changes in the glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4)-mediated glucose transport.
  • 547
  • 29 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Precision Health Care for Diabetes
Tailoring integrated care through interdisciplinary collaborative practice among patients, nurses, and physicians based on the patient’s genetics or lifestyle, glycemic target, biodata- or evidence-based practice, patient preferences, and priority for improving patient self-management to achieve glycemic control.
  • 547
  • 21 Jun 2021
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