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Topic Review
Road Safety Near a Landfill Assessment in Europe
In Europe, many governments are struggling with the ambitious target of zero road deaths by 2050. On the other hand, they are facing remediation of illegal waste dumps, subject to European infringement procedures and involving a lot of workers and heavy materials transportation. In Italy, a specific department was started in 2017 to carry out the remediation of 200 illegal landfills of urban/industrial solid waste. According to the Italian legislative framework on construction site management, risk assessment should also include risks for the external context caused by the working site.
  • 397
  • 26 May 2023
Topic Review
Enhancement of Anaerobic Digestion Process with Biochar
Anaerobic digestion (AD) process is usually limited by factors such as process inefficiencies from substrate-induced instability, poor quality digestate, and poor management of effluent and emissions. Biochar, which is a highly porous carbonaceous material produced from the pyrolysis of biomass is an affordable accelerant that can be used to improve the efficiency of the AD process. Biochar has large specific surface area (SSA), high porosity, and abundant surface functional groups which allows for adsorption and ion exchange thereby removes free ammonia and ions and curbs their deleterious effect on the AD process. The performance of biochar in the AD process usually depends on its properties which are a function of pyrolysis conditions and the type of feedstock used in its production. However, these conditions/properties are not well understood. Additionally, the various mechanisms through which biochar enhances the performance of anaerobic digestion process. Accordingly, this research provides valuable insights into the utilization of biochar as an accelerator to enhance the AD process, addressing crucial factors such as optimal pyrolysis conditions, biochar dosage, and feedstock selection. Additionally, it delves into the mechanisms through which biochar positively influences the AD process, particularly by influencing microbial communities, reducing VFA levels, and mitigating the negative effects of ammonia. The research also highlights areas for further research in applying biochar for anaerobic digestion.
  • 547
  • 24 May 2023
Topic Review
Computational Design and Virtual Reality Tools
Virtual reality was investigated with various computational design approaches to improve users’ ability to communicate, share, and grasp the design’s requirements to better conceptualize ideas during various design and review stages.
  • 335
  • 23 May 2023
Topic Review
Hydrogen Storage
Hydrogen is one of the main energy carriers playing a prominent role in the future decarbonization of the economy. However, several aspects regarding the transport and storage of this gas are challenging. The intermediary conversion of hydrogen into high-density energy molecules may be a crucial step until technological conditions are ready to attain a significant reduction in fossil fuel use in transport and the industrial sector. 
  • 596
  • 18 May 2023
Topic Review
Interactive Innovation Balance Structure in Green Manufacturing
Maturity and innovation degree of green manufacturing exploratory and exploitative innovation technologies can effectively measure the degree of innovation balance of the enterprise. Strengthening the scientific research layer to adopt green manufacturing technology innovation research and development for the enterprise and reducing the “conflict” will promote the enterprise to engage in exploratory innovation, which in turn will encourage the decision of enterprise interactive innovation balance. The support layer actively searches for information and supports the green manufacturing innovation ecosystem with information, funding, and other innovation resources, thus facilitating enterprises to engage in interactive innovation balance.
  • 381
  • 18 May 2023
Topic Review
Water Reuse Treatment Technologies
Treating water for water reuse typically involves treating wastewater in several steps consisting of preliminary treatment, primary treatment, and secondary treatment. Tertiary treatment and advanced treatment may be needed for water reuse purposes. 
  • 1.0K
  • 18 May 2023
Topic Review
Urban Building Energy Modeling Using a Place-Based Approach
Urban building energy models present a valuable tool for promoting energy efficiency in building design and control, as well as for managing urban energy systems. However, the current models often overlook the importance of site-specific characteristics, as well as the spatial attributes and variations within a specific area of a city. This approach allows for a more in-depth understanding of the interactions behind spatial patterns and an increase in the number and quality of energy-related variables.
  • 348
  • 15 May 2023
Topic Review
Nature-Based Solutions on Urban Stormwater Management
Urban stormwater management is a critical challenge facing cities globally, with natural-based solutions (NBS) emerging as a promising approach for mitigating the impacts of urban stormwater runoff.
  • 262
  • 11 May 2023
Topic Review
Regional Flood Frequency Analysis
Regional flood frequency analysis (RFFA) consists of two principal steps: identification of homogeneous regions and development of regional flood estimation equations.
  • 469
  • 08 May 2023
Topic Review
Evolution of Microgrid Technology
Microgrids are energy systems that can operate independently or in conjunction with the main electricity grid. There are numerous subdomains of microgrid technology research, each of which focuses on a distinct component of microgrid design, operation, and management. Energy storage, control, power electronics and power quality, renewable energy integration, stability, storage, protection and cybersecurity, regulation and distribution, and economic and business models are some of the major areas of microgrid technology study.
  • 823
  • 06 May 2023
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