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Topic Review
Metamaterials for Acoustic Noise Filtering and Energy Harvesting
The twenty-first century’s vision for Factory 4.0 requires more advanced methods for noise filtering while creating much safer and healthier environment. From various perspectives of physics, noise filtering capabilities could be addressed in multiple ways. The physics of noise control is first dissected into active and passive control mechanisms. Further different physics are categorized into different geunere to visualize their respective physics, mechanism, and target of their respective applications. Beyond traditional passive approaches, the comparatively modern concept for sound isolation and acoustic noise filtering is based on artificial metamaterials. These new materials demonstrate unique interaction with acoustic wave propagation exploiting different physics. A few multi-functional metamaterials were reported to harvest energy while filtering the ambient noise simultaneously. It was found to be extremely useful for next-generation noise applications where simultaneously, green energy could be generated from the energy which is otherwise lost. 
  • 224
  • 10 Jul 2023
Biography
Fanny Gates
Fanny Cook Gates (26 April 1872 – 24 February 1931) was an American physicist, an American Physical Society fellow and American Mathematical Society member.[1] She made contributions to the research of radioactive materials, determining that radioactivity could not be destroyed by heat or ionization due to chemical reactions, and that radioactive materials differ from phosphorescent materials
  • 245
  • 18 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Machine-Learning-Based Methods for Acoustic Emission Testing
Acoustic emission (AE) testing has obvious limitations regarding its reproducibility: as it was said, this type of test involves the formation or progression of cracks in the material. Even when referring to specimens of the same material, of the same dimensions, and subjected to the same load cycle, they do not necessarily produce the same results. This is especially true in the case of anisotropic and heterogeneous materials. Moreover, since the signals used by precursors are of modest entity, to be able to detect possible forms of energy in the material, it is necessary to use particularly sensitive sensors. Further problems arise due to the attenuation phenomena of the acoustic stress wave that is dispersed in the material as it propagates: just as the noise due to sources independent of the possible structural defect can disturb the detection methodology. To overcome these limitations, researchers adopted alternative methodologies to improve the results of the structural damage identification procedures. The capabilities demonstrated by the technologies based on ML in detecting patterns were immediately noticed by AE researchers. To make this nondestructive testing method even more effective, all the methodologies based on ML for the recognition of the stress wave can be applied during the detection phase of the acoustic emission generated by the source. In this way, it is possible to carry out a test that is robust regarding noise and effective in detecting waves of modest entity. The most common methodologies based on ML applied in the field of AE are presented below. ML is a branch of artificial intelligence whose goal is to allow machines to automatically learn something from experience, without the need for them to be programmed in advance. Experience is a collection of data, which can be fixed and immutable, or even expand over time. Learning can be carried out through two main approaches: supervised and unsupervised.
  • 577
  • 03 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Croatian National Theater
The National Theater of Zagreb is considered to be the oldest and most important cultural center in Croatia due to its three activities: opera, theater, and ballet. The artistic production is so fruitful; an average of 220 shows are performed in a season. Because of its national influence over a wide territory, the National Theater of Zagreb is used to promote a seasonal program which is broadly varied, including the performance of local artists representative of different styles and historical periods. Nonetheless, the recitals of classic and contemporary masterpieces attract the biggest audiences.
  • 655
  • 13 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Aggregation-Induced Emission Active Materials
The emergence and development of aggregation induced emission (AIE) have attracted worldwide attention due to its unique photophysical phenomenon and for removing the obstacle of aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) which is the most detrimental process thereby making AIE an important and promising aspect in various fields of fluorescent material, sensing, bioimaging, optoelectronics, drug delivery system, and theranostics. hexaphenylsilole (HPS) is the common example of the AIE active molecule which exhibits enhancement in fluorescence in an aggregate state. The motions involved, such as restriction of intramolecular motion along with rotation and vibration mechanisms in the AIE active phenomenon, are well explained and accepted. The AIE luminogens have high photostability, large stoke shift, a photobleaching resistance property, and show high sensing reproducibility. This characteristic makes luminogens a promising candidate for sensing application
  • 1.3K
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Mechanical Properties of BCC-Structured High-Entropy Alloys
A new metallurgical strategy was introduced to develop advanced materials with outstanding performance—high-entropy alloys (HEAs). Today, HEAs contain five or more multiple principle metallic elements in equal or near-equal atomic percentages. HEAs’ four core effects—high configurational entropy, sluggish diffusion, severe lattice distortion, and the cock-tail effect—are mainly responsible for their various physical and mechanical properties. HEAs present promising properties, such as high strength and fracture toughness at room temperature and high temperatures and have excellent wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, along with high-temperature oxidation.
  • 1.8K
  • 28 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Cardiovascular Disease after Chronic Kidney Disease
Cardiovascular diseases remain the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), visceral fat depot of the heart, was found to be associated with coronary artery disease in cardiac and non-cardiac patients. Additionally, EAT has been proposed as a novel cardiovascular risk in the general population and in end-stage renal disease patients. It has also been shown that EAT, more than other subcutaneous adipose tissue deposits, acts as a highly active organ producing several bioactive adipokines, and proinflammatory and proatherogenic cytokines. 
  • 380
  • 01 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Exercise Strategies of Athletes during COVID-19
Elite athletes use high-intensity training to maintain their fitness level. However, intense training can harm the immune system, making athletes suspectable to COVID-19 and negatively affecting their performance. Although high-intensity exercise can suppress the immune system, elite athletes should not stop training in the time of infection but use low- and moderate-intensity training. Moderate-intensity exercise can improve immune function and maintain physical fitness. In addition, it is also better for athletes not to undertake high-intensity training at the time of vaccination, but instead perform moderate to low-intensity training.
  • 817
  • 18 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Optical Diffraction Tomography
Optical Diffraction Tomography (ODT) is an emerging tool for label-free imaging of semi-transparent samples in three-dimensional space. Being semi-transparent, such objects do not strongly alter the amplitude of the illuminating field.
  • 1.8K
  • 28 Jan 2022
Topic Review
MEMS Bionic Fish Ear Structure
The sensor is fabricated using microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, and is encapsulated in castor oil, which has an acoustic impedance close to the human body.
  • 389
  • 27 Jan 2022
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