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Topic Review
TAUVEX
The Tel Aviv University Ultraviolet Explorer, or TAUVEX (Hebrew: טאווקס‎), is a space telescope array conceived by Noah Brosch of Tel Aviv University and designed and constructed in Israel for Tel Aviv University by El-Op, Electro-Optical Industries, Ltd. (a division of Elbit systems) acting as Prime Contractor, for the exploration of the ultraviolet (UV) sky. TAUVEX was selected in 1988 by the Israel Space Agency (ISA) as its first priority scientific payload. Although originally slated to fly on a national Israeli satellite of the Ofeq series, TAUVEX was shifted in 1991 to fly as part of a Spektr-RG international observatory, a collaboration of many countries with the Soviet Union (Space Research Institute) leading. Due to repeated delays of the Spektr project, caused by the economic situation in the post-Soviet Russia, ISA decided to shift TAUVEX to a different satellite. In early-2004 ISA signed an agreement with the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to launch TAUVEX on board the India n technology demonstrator satellite GSAT-4. The launch vehicle slated to be used was the GSLV with a new, cryogenic, upper stage. TAUVEX was a scientific collaboration between Tel Aviv University and the Indian Institute of Astrophysics in Bangalore. Its Principal Investigators were Noah Brosch at Tel Aviv University and Jayant Murthy at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics. Originally, TAUVEX was scheduled to be launched in 2008, but various delays caused the integration with GSAT-4 to take place only in November 2009 for a launch the following year. ISRO decided in January 2010 to remove TAUVEX from the satellite since the Indian-built cryogenic upper stage for GSLV was deemed under-powered to bring GSAT-4 to a geosynchronous orbit. GSAT-4 was subsequently lost in the 15 April 2010 launch failure of GSLV. On 13 March 2011 TAUVEX was returned to Israel and was stored at the Prime Contractor facility pending an ISA decision about its future. In 2012 ISA decided to terminate the TAUVEX project, against the recommendation of a committee it formed to consider its future that recommended its release for a high-altitude balloon flight.
  • 380
  • 10 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Plasma Medicine
Plasma medicine is an emerging field that combines plasma physics, life sciences and clinical medicine. It is being studied in disinfection, healing, and cancer. Most of the research is in vitro and in animal models. It uses ionized gas (physical plasma) for medical uses or dental applications. Plasma, often called the fourth state of matter, is an ionized gas containing positive ions and negative ions or electrons, but is approximately charge neutral on the whole. The plasma sources used for plasma medicine are generally low temperature plasmas, and they generate ions, chemically reactive atoms and molecules, and UV-photons. These plasma-generated active species are useful for several bio-medical applications such as sterilization of implants and surgical instruments as well as modifying biomaterial surface properties. Sensitive applications of plasma, like subjecting human body or internal organs to plasma treatment for medical purposes, are also possible. This possibility is being heavily investigated by research groups worldwide under the highly-interdisciplinary research field called 'plasma medicine'.
  • 380
  • 27 Oct 2022
Biography
Amedeo Odoni
Amedeo Odoni is an American physicist currently the T. Wilson Chair Professor Emeritus of Aeronautics and Astronautics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[1][2] His most cited papers are 971 and 689.[3] Belobaba, P., A. Odoni and C. Barnhart (eds.), The Global Airline Industry, John Wiley & Sons, London, 2009 Larson, R. C. and A. Odoni, Urban Operations Research, Dynamic Ideas, Belmo
  • 380
  • 09 Dec 2022
Topic Review
List of Unnumbered Minor Planets: 2002 P–Q
This is a partial list of unnumbered minor planets for principal designations assigned between 1 August 2002 and 31 August 2002 (P–Q).
  • 376
  • 10 Nov 2022
Biography
Gregory S. Boebinger
Gregory Scott Boebinger is the director of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Tallahassee, Florida, and a professor of physics at Florida State University. Boebinger was born June 29, 1959 in Indianapolis, Indiana, one of four sons of a minister and an elementary-school teacher. He is a 1977 graduate of North Central High School in Indianapolis. He married his high-school sweethea
  • 376
  • 13 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Mechanisms of Co-Evolution of Wheat and Rust Pathogens
Wheat (Triticum spp.) is a cereal crop domesticated >8000 years ago and the second-most-consumed food crop nowadays. Ever since mankind has written records, cereal rust diseases have been a painful awareness in antiquity documented in the Old Testament (about 750 B.C.). The pathogen causing the wheat stem rust disease is among the first identified plant pathogens in the 1700s, suggesting that wheat and rust pathogens have co-existed for thousands of years. With advanced molecular technologies, wheat and rust genomes have been sequenced, and interactions between the host and the rust pathogens have been extensively studied at molecular levels.
  • 376
  • 08 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Terahertz Technologies for Virus Sensing
The recent pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 virus has made evident critical issues relating to virus sensing and the need for deployable tools for adequate, rapid, effective viral recognition on a large-scale. Although many conventional molecular and immuno-based techniques are widely used for these purposes, they still have some drawbacks concerning sensitivity, safety, laboriousness, long-term collection and data analysis. Therefore, new rapidly emerging approaches have been introduced such as terahertz (THz)-based technologies. The emerging Terahertz (THz) technology is an ideal candidate for virus monitoring and detection purposes, offering various advantages which can be explored. 
  • 375
  • 20 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Production of Veil for Interlaminar Toughening
Embedding polymeric veils has proven to be one of the most effective ways to prevent delamination caused by the poor out-of-plane properties of composite laminates. Electrospinning is a flexible, simple, and cost-effective technology that is used to produce extremely fine fibers for a wide range of materials, with diameters ranging from tens of nanometers to a few micrometers. 
  • 374
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Conventional Tools for Neurodegenerative Disease Diagnosis
Conventional approaches in neurodegenerative disease (ND) diagnosis and challenges in clinical routine testing are addressed in order to understand the context of how molecular-based diagnosis techniques can perform in real, in vivo sampling and bioassays for early ND diagnosis.
  • 374
  • 15 May 2023
Topic Review
Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Based on Fiber Bragg Grating
The development of optical technologies and the corresponding component base has led to significant progress in methods and means for the instantaneous frequency measurement (IFM) of microwave signals based on photonic technology, which was previously carried out using the classical electronic component base. Electronic instantaneous frequency measurement devices are now widely used in both military and civilian areas, for example, in electronic warfare systems, assessment of the electromagnetic environment for device compatibility, etc. However, their use is limited to frequency ranges up to approximately 20 GHz due to the limitations of electronic circuits. The use of photonic systems allowed for significant expansion of the measurement frequency range, accuracy and resolution of the receivers. In recent years, a fairly large number of researches have been published in which existing methods, means and implementations were observed. However, these researches did not discuss selective amplitude type discriminators, which leads to a need to review systems based on such discriminators and prepare a comparative analysis of their implementation methods and achieved characteristics as well as ways to improve the metrological performance of the considered systems.
  • 374
  • 19 Oct 2022
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