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Topic Review
Podarcis siculus Spermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis is a genetically driven differentiation process that occurs in the testis and leads to the formation of spermatozoa. This process is extensively studied in several experimental models, particularly in vertebrates that share the morphological structure and functionality of the mammalian testis. Reptiles are not generally considered biological models, the lizard Podarcis siculus has represented a suitable organism for the study of spermatogenesis. In this lizard, the process of spermatogenesis is regulated by the interaction between systemic factors such as gonadotropins and local factors, i.e., molecules produced by the somatic and germinal cells of the testis.
  • 461
  • 20 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Alcohol Consumption and Male Fertility
Heavy alcohol consumption (defined as more than 3 and 4 drinks in a day, or more than 7 and 14 drinks weekly, for women and men, respectively) is reported to negatively affect human health, promote traffic accidents, and alter social behaviors, with severe repercussions for personal, social, and professional lives. Clinically, alcohol consumption has been correlated with an increased incidence of different types of cancer , cardiovascular  and liver diseases, birth defects, and psychiatric disorders.
  • 757
  • 06 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Animal Models in Biotechnologies for Male Fertility Preservation
To explore advanced reproductive technologies for male fertility preservation, underscoring the essential role that animal models have played in shaping these techniques through historical contexts and into modern applications. Rising infertility concerns have become more prevalent in human populations recently. The surge in male fertility issues has prompted advanced reproductive technologies, with animal models playing a pivotal role in their evolution.
  • 155
  • 28 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Application of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Ovarian Development
The ovary is a female reproductive organ that plays a key role in fertility and the maintenance of endocrine homeostasis, which is of great importance to women’s health. It is characterized by a high heterogeneity, with different cellular subpopulations primarily containing oocytes, granulosa cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and diverse immune cell types. Each has unique and important functions. From the fetal period to old age, the ovary experiences continuous structural and functional changes, with the gene expression of each cell type undergoing dramatic changes. In addition, ovarian development strongly relies on the communication between germ and somatic cells. Compared to traditional bulk RNA sequencing techniques, the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach has substantial advantages in analyzing individual cells within an ever-changing and complicated tissue, classifying them into cell types, characterizing single cells, delineating the cellular developmental trajectory, and studying cell-to-cell interactions. 
  • 452
  • 06 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Bee Products Treat Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome-Related Infertility
Bee products, including honey, have been utilized since ancient times for nutritional and therapeutic purposes. Other bee products such as bee pollen, royal jelly, and propolis have caught a lot of attention. Being high in antioxidants and bioactive compounds, these products have established their applications in the pharmaceutical field as supplementary or alternative medicines. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) as a hormonal disorder in which the ovaries produce an irregular quantity of androgen. Bee products, especially honey, have been used since ancient times as a safer alternative to sugar. Being rich in antioxidants, honey indirectly helps PCOS patients by lowering the risk of oxidative stress, inflammation, and type-2 diabetes.
  • 1.5K
  • 12 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Beginning of Meiosis in Mammalian Female Germ Cells
Meiosis is the unique division of germ cells resulting in the recombination of the maternal and paternal genomes and the production of haploid gametes. In mammals, it begins during the fetal life in females and during puberty in males. In both cases, entering meiosis requires a timely switch from the mitotic to the meiotic cell cycle and the transition from a potential pluripotent status to meiotic differentiation. Revealing the molecular mechanisms underlying these interrelated processes represents the essence in understanding the beginning of meiosis. Meiosis facilitates diversity across individuals and acts as a fundamental driver of evolution. Major differences between sexes and among species complicate the understanding of how meiosis begins.
  • 436
  • 30 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Benefits of the Phytoestrogen Resveratrol for Perimenopausal Women
Endometriosis, characterized by macroscopic lesions in the ovaries, is a serious problem for women who desire conception. Damage to the ovarian cortex is inevitable when lesions are removed via surgery, which finally decreases the ovarian reserve, thereby accelerating the transition to the menopausal state. Resveratrol, a plant-derived molecule that promotes the function and expression of the sirtuin, SIRT1, has been attracting attention, and many reports have shown that resveratrol might exert cardiovascular protective effects. 
  • 799
  • 17 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Bisphenol A-Induced Male Infertility
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine disruptor present in epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics, which negatively disturbs the male reproductive system affecting male fertility. In vivo studies showed that BPA exposure has deleterious effects on spermatogenesis by disturbing the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and inducing oxidative stress in the testis. This compound seems to disrupt hormone signalling even at low concentrations, modifying the levels of inhibin B, oestradiol, and testosterone. The adverse effects on seminal parameters are mainly supported by studies based on urinary BPA concentration, showing a negative association between BPA levels and sperm concentration, motility, normal morphology and sperm DNA damage.
  • 867
  • 01 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Boechera Species
Plants from the Boechera genus are attractive models for research because both sexual and apomictic accessions are present within this genus. Moreover, plants from the Boechera genus are close relatives of Arabidopsis thaliana, which is very well studied in terms of molecular genetics and functional gene annotation. In apomictic Boechera species, the Taraxacum type diplospory with pseudogamous endosperm development that requires fertilization of the central cell and recently apospory is reported.
  • 372
  • 15 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Caffeine Consumption and Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a common disorder defined as the presence of endometrial tissue (glandular cells and stroma) outside the uterine cavity.
  • 1.2K
  • 15 Dec 2021
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