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Topic Review
Artemisia Genus as Biopesticides
The Artemisia L. genus includes over 500 species with worldwide distribution and diverse chemical composition. Many secondary metabolites of this genus are known for their antimicrobial, insecticidal, parasiticidal, and phytotoxic properties, which recommend them as possible biological control agents against plant pests. Given the negative impact of synthetic pesticides on human health and on the environment, Artemisia‐derived biopesticides and their nanoformulations emerge as promising ecofriendly alternatives to pest management.
  • 1.4K
  • 02 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Grifola Frondosa
Grifola frondosa (G. frondosa) is a Basidiomycetes fungus that belongs to the family of Grifolaceae and the order of Polyporales.
  • 1.5K
  • 09 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAM)
Cell adhesion molecules (CAM) are cell surface glycoproteins involved in cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix adhesion, a process that is essential for the correct maintenance and function of tissues and organs.
  • 1.5K
  • 07 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Bradykinin
Bradykinin (BK) (Greek brady-, slow; -kinin, kīn(eîn) to move) is a peptide that promotes inflammation. It causes arterioles to dilate (enlarge) via the release of prostacyclin, nitric oxide, and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor and makes veins constrict, via prostaglandin F2, thereby leading to leakage into capillary beds, due to the increased pressure in the capillaries. Bradykinin is a physiologically and pharmacologically active peptide of the kinin group of proteins, consisting of nine amino acids. A class of drugs called angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) increase bradykinin levels by inhibiting its degradation, thereby increasing its blood pressure lowering effect. ACE inhibitors are FDA approved for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.
  • 1.4K
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Common Features between DNA and Centrosome Cycle
In animal cells, the centrosome is a membrane-less organelle consisting of two interconnected centrioles, pericentriolar materials (PCM) and some additional structures. DNA replication and centrosome duplication during a cell cycle must share common regulations.
  • 1.4K
  • 29 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Bile Acids
Bile acids (BAs) are facial amphiphiles synthesized in the body of all vertebrates.
  • 1.4K
  • 18 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Phthalic Acid Esters
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are a class of lipophilic chemicals widely used as plasticizers and additives to improve various products’ mechanical extensibility and flexibility. At present, synthesized PAEs, which are considered to cause potential hazards to ecosystem functioning and public health, have been easily detected in the atmosphere, water, soil, and sediments; PAEs are also frequently discovered in plant and microorganism sources, suggesting the possibility that they might be biosynthesized in nature.
  • 1.4K
  • 29 Jul 2021
Topic Review
The Seed and the Metabolism Regulation
Seeds are the reproductive units of higher plants. They have a significant place in agriculture and plant diversity maintenance. Because they are dehydrated, they can remain viable in the environment for centuries. The dry seed is a metabolically inactive organism, but well organized to protect its components and enter intensive repair to restore metabolic activities upon imbibition for the completion of germination. 
  • 1.4K
  • 28 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Wheat Gluten and Gluten-Free Alternatives
Gluten is the nitrogen storage protein matrix found in wheat and cereals belonging to the Triticeae tribe, and it is composed of two proteins: gliadin and glutenin.
  • 1.4K
  • 28 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Nail Mini-Organ Stem Cells
Nails are highly keratinized skin appendages that exhibit continuous growth under physiological conditions and full regeneration upon removal. These mini-organs are maintained by two autonomous populations of skin stem cells. The fast-cycling, highly proliferative stem cells of the nail matrix (nail stem cells (NSCs)) predominantly replenish the nail plate. Furthermore, the slow-cycling population of the nail proximal fold (nail proximal fold stem cells (NPFSCs)) displays bifunctional properties by contributing to the peri-nail epidermis under the normal homeostasis and the nail structure upon injury. Here, we discuss nail mini-organ stem cells’ location and their role in skin and nail homeostasis and regeneration, emphasizing their importance to orchestrate the whole digit tip regeneration. Such endogenous regeneration capabilities are observed in rodents and primates. However, they are limited to the region adjacent to the nail’s proximal area, indicating the crucial role of nail mini-organ stem cells in digit restoration.
  • 1.4K
  • 04 May 2021
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