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Topic Review
Abyssomicins
Abyssomicins represent a new family of polycyclic macrolactones. The first described compounds of the abyssomicin family were abyssomicin B, C, atrop-C, and D, produced by the marine actinomycete strain Verrucosispora maris AB-18-032, which was isolated from a sediment collected in the Sea of Japan. Among the described abyssomicins, only abyssomicin C and atrop-abyssomicin C show a high antibiotic activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including multi-resistant and vancomycin-resistant strains. The inhibitory activity is caused by a selective inhibition of the enzyme 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase, which catalyzes the transformation of chorismate to para-aminobenzoic acid, an intermediate in the folic acid pathway.
  • 647
  • 04 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Acacia Catechu Willd. for CRC
The research for innovative treatments against colon adenocarcinomas is still a great challenge. Acacia catechu Willd. heartwood extract (AC) has health-promoting qualities, especially at gastrointestinal level. This study characterized AC for its catechins content and investigates the apoptotic-enhancing effect in human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells, along with its ability to spare healthy tissue. Results showed that AC  induced an increase in apoptotic cells and ROS formation, reduction in mitochondria membrane potential as well as increase in caspase-9 and -3 activity. AC did not affect rat ileum and colon rings viability and functionality, suggesting its safe profile toward healthy tissue. The present findings outline the potential of AC for colon cancer treatment.
  • 873
  • 14 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Acacia spp.
The genus Acacia belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae. It comprises a large group of more than 1350 species, widely distributed throughout tropical and warm temperate areas of the world. Most of the species are native to Australia but are spread all over the world because of their wide variety of uses and economic importance such as for ornamental purposes, for sand and dune stabilization, as a fuel through the production of woodfuel and charcoal, as an important source of fodder, tannins for the leather industry, gums, and essences for perfumes.
  • 1.9K
  • 10 Feb 2021
Topic Review
ACAD9 Deficiency
ACAD9 deficiency is a condition that varies in severity and can cause muscle weakness (myopathy), heart problems, and intellectual disability. Nearly all affected individuals have a buildup of a chemical called lactic acid in the body (lactic acidosis). Additional signs and symptoms that affect other body systems occur in rare cases.
  • 391
  • 23 Dec 2020
Topic Review
ACAN Gene
aggrecan
  • 373
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Acanthamoeba Keratitis in Animals
When presented with an animal exhibiting signs of keratitis (inflammation of the cornea), such as impaired vision, mucoid discharges, redness, swelling, and corneal oedema, most veterinarians would think of bacteria, viruses, or fungi as the potential causative agent(s). Evidence has arisen in recent years of a possible connection between the protozoan Acanthamoeba and keratitis in animals. Acanthamoeba infection is underdiagnosed, but potentially common, in animals.
  • 534
  • 11 May 2021
Topic Review
Acanthamoeba spp.
Acanthamoeba spp. are free-living amoebas, which are widely distributed in soil, water, and air. They are capable of causing granulomatous amebic encephalitis, Acanthamoeba pneumonia, Acanthamoeba keratitis, and disseminated acanthamoebiasis.
  • 747
  • 18 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Acatalasemia
Acatalasemia is a condition characterized by very low levels of an enzyme called catalase. Many people with acatalasemia never have any health problems related to the condition and are diagnosed because they have affected family members.
  • 691
  • 04 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Accessory Gene Regulator Control in Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading global pathogen that causes a considerable and hard-to-estimate number of moderately severe skin infections, but also more severe and sometimes fatal infections of the blood, bones, and lungs. The accessory gene regulator (Agr) system is undoubtedly the best-studied staphylococcal regulatory system, both in terms of its quorum-sensing mechanism and regarding its regulon and mechanisms of target gene control. It consists of an operon of four genes, agrB, agrD, agrC, and agrA, which form the quorum-sensing circuit.
  • 341
  • 01 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Accumulation, Competition, and Toxicity of Divalent Cations
The binding of calcium and magnesium ions to proteins is crucial for regulating heart contraction. However, other divalent cations, including xenobiotics, can accumulate in the myocardium and enter cardiomyocytes, where they can bind to proteins.
  • 267
  • 20 Jul 2023
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