Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Cyanobacterial Extracellular Polymeric Substances
Biopolymers derived from polysaccharides are a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to the synthetic counterparts available in the market. Due to their distinctive properties, the cyanobacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), mainly composed of heteropolysaccharides, are a valid alternative to address several biotechnological and biomedical challenges. However, for the successful exploitation of cyanobacterial EPS, it is important to obtain polymers with high purity levels and exploit different strategies of  functionalization  to obtain EPS tailored for given applications. Considering all this, available approaches to isolate, purify and chemically modify cyanobacterial EPS are discussed.  
  • 1.4K
  • 30 Jul 2020
Topic Review
Chemistry and Biosynthesis of Apigenin
Apigenin, a natural bioactive flavonoid widely present in medicinal plants, functional foods, vegetables and fruits, exerts protective effects in models of neurological disorders and cardiovascular diseases and most of these effects are attributed to its antioxidant action.
  • 1.4K
  • 05 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Protein Folding: Enigma and Solution
Protein folding is a process that converts the unfolded, disordered protein chain into a chain having a definite, unique three-dimensional structure.
  • 1.4K
  • 23 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Ecology and Evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The yeast distributes ubiquitously in nature with clearly structured populations. The baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has become a powerful model in ecology and evolutionary biology. The global genetic diversity of S. cerevisiae is mainly contributed by strains from Far East Asia, and the ancient basal lineages of the species have been found only in China, supporting an ‘out-of-China’ origin hypothesis. The wild and domesticated populations are clearly separated in phylogeny and exhibit hallmark differences in sexuality, heterozygosity, gene copy number variation (CNV), horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and introgression events, and maltose utilization ability. The domesticated strains from different niches generally form distinct lineages and harbor lineage-specific CNVs, HGTs and introgressions, which contribute to their adaptations to specific fermentation environments. 
  • 1.4K
  • 01 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Biological Control of Bulb Mites
Mites of the genus Rhizoglyphus (Acari: Acaridae) are serious pests of plants belonging to the orders Liliales and Asparagales such as onions, garlic, lilies, and tulips. Their control by synthetic pesticides is becoming problematic as a result of resistance development in these mites and environmental and health issues. New pest control methods thus need to be developed. Efforts to develop biological control programs for bulb mites have taken place in a number of countries. Several biocontrol agents have been tested against Rhizoglyphus spp. under laboratory and some also under field conditions. The most promising results have been obtained with acaropathogenic/entomopathogenic fungi and predatory mites as described below. Other possible prospective control agents attacking mites are viruses, bacteria, and protista, but except for some bacteria their efficacy against bulb mites has not been investigated yet.
  • 1.4K
  • 29 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Dermal Fibroblasts
Scarring and regeneration are two physiologically opposite endpoints to skin injuries, with mammals, including humans, typically healing wounds with fibrotic scars. We aim to provide an updated review on fibroblast heterogeneity as determinants of the scarring–regeneration continuum. We discuss fibroblast-centric mechanisms that dictate scarring–regeneration continua with a focus on intercellular and cell–matrix adhesion. Improved understanding of fibroblast lineage-specific mechanisms and how they determine scar severity will ultimately allow for the development of antiscarring therapies and the promotion of tissue regeneration.
  • 1.4K
  • 30 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Molecular Detection of Colorectal Cancer
Drug-specific therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer (CRC) have contributed to a significant improvement in the health status of patients. However, a great need to improve personalization of treatments based on genetic and epigenetic tumor profiles to maximize quality and efficacy while limiting cytotoxicity remains. Currently, CEA and CA 19-9 are the only validated blood biomarkers in clinical practice. For this reason, laboratories are trying to identify new specific prognostic and, more importantly, predictive biomarkers for CRC patient profiles. Thus, the unique landscape of personalized biomarker data should have a clinical impact on CRC treatment strategies and molecular genetic screening tests should become the standard method for CRC diagnosis, as well as detection of disease progression.
  • 1.4K
  • 30 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Tumor Temperature
The temperature of a solid tumor is often dissimilar to baseline body temperature and, compared to healthy tissues, may be elevated, reduced, or a mix of both. The temperature of a tumor is dependent on metabolic activity and vascularization and can change due to tumor progression, treatment, or cancer type.
  • 1.4K
  • 13 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Nervous Necrosis Virus
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) can infect many species of fish and caused an 80~100% mortality rate. NNV capsid protein (NNVCP) was the only structural proteins of NNV, but there are few studies on the protein-protein interaction between NNVCP and host cell. Here, we demonstrated 49 proteins in optic nerve tissue that could interact with NNVCP. A new mechanism of NNV morphogenesis is clarified by exploring the interaction between NNVCP and host cells. Moreover, CKB was identified as a novel enhancer for NNV through interacting with NNVCP. These findings may provide more accurate target proteins to understand NNV morphogenesis and provide new insights into the antiviral infection.
  • 1.4K
  • 26 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Seaweeds as a Fermentation Substrate
The interest in marine macroalgae are increasing  as novel and functional food and feed products. Marine macroalgae show a high flexibility and applicability due to the bioactive properties of the compounds produced. In the nutraceutical sector, the development of novel food products with high nutritious value and sustainable development raises the interest in this biological group.  Indeed, seaweeds mainly need exposure to sun, aeration, artificial or naturally, and seawater rich in nutrients to grow and obtain a high amount of biomass to then develop novel functional food products that can be produced by the fermentation method, mainly performed by lactic acid bacteria. Still, this is a topic that needs to be further developed in order to improve the beneficial and organoleptic  properties of seaweeds.Here is proposed to the potential of prebiotic and probiotic fermentation and the potential of seaweed in food and feed industrial sectors.
  • 1.4K
  • 08 Nov 2021
  • Page
  • of
  • 1747
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Video Production Service
Feedback