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Topic Review
Deep Eutectic Solvents and Rare Earth Elements
The boosted interest in the use of rare earth elements (REEs) in modern technologies had also increase the necessity of their recovery from various sources, including raw materials and wastes. Though Hydrometallurgy plays a key role in these recovery processes, some drawbacks (apparent or not) of these processes (including the use of aggressive mineral acids, harmful extractants and diluents, etc.), had led to the development of a more environmental friendship subclass named Solvometallurgy, in which non-aqueous solvents substituted to the aqueous media of the hydrometallurgical processing. Together to ionic liquids (ILs), the non-aqueous solvents chosen for these usages are the chemicals known as Deep Eutectic Solvents (DEEs). The utilization of DEEs included the leaching of REEs from the different sources containing them, and also in the separation-purification steps necessary for the yielding of these elements, normally as oxides or salts, in the most purified form. 
  • 29
  • 15 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Snail Shell Waste in Food Industries
Effective waste management has become an urgent societal challenge. Food waste is made up of items meant for human consumption that are lost, polluted, disposed of, or deteriorated; the reutilization of shells from mollusk waste is a severe problem in terms of environmental protection and the development of the circular economy. The properties of waste shells are presented and discussed, including their biological–natural origin and high calcium carbonate content. This could add social and innovation focus on shell waste management, getting a non-toxic, eco-sustainable, low-cost, biodegradable supplement to invest in. Furthermore, it has the potential to support the circular economy approach by creating a closed system that minimizes the use of natural resources and environmental contamination. 
  • 72
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Light-Driven Semiconductor-Based Micro/Nanomotors
Micro/nanomotors represent a burgeoning field of research featuring small devices capable of autonomous movement in liquid environments through catalytic reactions and/or external stimuli.
  • 49
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Hydrogen Sulfide Corrosion in Oil and Gas Industries
In the oil and gas industry, the corrosion attributed to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of the most significant challenges.
  • 112
  • 26 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Formation and Partitioning Theories of the Mixed Micelle
When two or more surfactants are mixed, the critical micelle concentration and solubilization capability are changed, and a careful selection of the combination promotes the micelle formation and enhances the solubilizing capability. Thus, understanding the mechanism behind the phenomena is essential for controlling the physical properties of the mixed micelle. The interaction parameters β and B that describe the formation of mixed micelles and their partitioning of solutes, respectively, were proposed by Treiner four decades ago. 
  • 102
  • 26 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Fundamental Properties of Hempcrete
A bio-fiber composite made up of hemp hurd or shiv and mineral binder, hempcrete is a form of lime-based construction material. The binder that is made by combining water with these ingredients is expected to completely coat all of the hemp shiv particles after sufficient mixing. A chemical reaction between the lime binder and water hardens the binder, cementing the hurd pieces together. The term “bonded cellulose insulation” could be broadly used to describe this mixture. Hempcrete is what is left after the binder has dried and been allowed to build up strength with time. 
  • 283
  • 21 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Physicochemical Properties of Tungsten Trioxide Photoanodes
Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) are widely regarded as the most effective method for rapidly degrading and oxidizing organic pollutants in water treatment, with chemical methods demonstrating high efficiency, especially for addressing organic wastewater.
  • 102
  • 09 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Predator Emitted Volatile Organic Compounds in New Zealand
The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the bodies and secretions of introduced mammalian predators in New Zealand forests are covered, with a specific focus on mice, rats, ferrets, stoats, and possums.
  • 77
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Coconut-Based Beverages and Value-Added Products
The definition of value addition is based on the process or processes which are used to transform, physically, the initial raw material into the final food or non-food article. Diversification can enhance the possibility of increased gains. Processing degree is a consequence of consumers’ requests. Three different drivers for value addition have been considered: packaging, durability, and size options; sensorial features; and sustainability. There are different value-added coconut-based beverages with interesting perspectives.
  • 134
  • 02 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Carbon-11 Production and Transformation
The short-lived positron-emitter carbon-11 (t1/2 = 20.4 min; β+, 99.8%) is prominent for labeling tracers for use in biomedical research with positron emission tomography (PET). Carbon-11 is produced for this purpose with a cyclotron, by the 14N(p,α)11C nuclear reaction, either on nitrogen containing a low concentration of oxygen (0.1–0.5%) or hydrogen (~5%) to produce [11C]carbon dioxide or [11C]methane, respectively. These primary radioactive products can be produced in high yields and with high molar activities. However, only [11C]carbon dioxide has some utility for directly labeling PET tracers. Primary products are required to be converted rapidly and efficiently into secondary labeling synthons to provide versatile radiochemistry for labeling diverse tracer chemotypes at molecular positions of choice. Because of their simplicity, reliability, re-usability, and amenability for automation, gas phase transformations play a major part in carbon-11 chemistry and in PET tracer development.
  • 129
  • 31 Jan 2024
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