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Topic Review
Economics in Marine Spatial Planning
There has been a rapid increase in the use of Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) worldwide, partly due to the continued loss of marine biodiversity and habitat. The sustainability of marine resources is threatened in all regions of the world by major events such as climate change, marine pollution, and overfishing, as well as illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing both on the high seas and in country waters.
  • 741
  • 20 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Environmental Applications of TiO2-Based Photocatalytic Nanostructures
Contemporary technological and industrial advancements have led to increased reliance on chemicals for product innovation, leading to heightened contamination of water sources by traditional pollutants (organic dyes, heavy metals) and disease-causing microorganisms. Wastewater treatment processes now reveal “emerging pollutants”, including pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, and agricultural chemicals. While some are benign, certain emerging pollutants can harm diverse organisms. Researchers seek cost-effective water purification methods that completely degrade pollutants without generating harmful by-products. Semiconductor-based photocatalytic degradation, particularly using titanium dioxide (TiO2), is popular for addressing water pollution.
  • 546
  • 20 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Global Distribution of Geogenic High-Arsenic Groundwater
Groundwater constitutes a vital source of freshwater, accounting for roughly 95% of the total available freshwater resources on Earth. It is utilized not only for daily water needs but also for agricultural irrigation, industrial purposes, ecological recharge, and power generation. 
  • 172
  • 20 Feb 2024
Topic Review
The Social Fabric of Watershed Management
Watershed management, a critical component in preserving and enhancing our natural environments, necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the social networks that underpin the organizations dedicated to this cause. The intricate web of relationships and interactions within and between such organizations can influence their operational efficacy and impact on watershed conservation and management. A social network analysis (SNA) encompasses theoretically grounded methods designed to analyze various types and attributes of relations among individuals and groups. 
  • 146
  • 20 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Bioenergy and Biopesticides Production in Serbia
The critical role of energy in contemporary life and the environmental challenges associated with its production imply the need for research and exploration of its novel resources, including biomass as a source of bioenergy. Along with the energy-related degradation of the environment, serious environmental issues arise from the use of pesticides in food production and plant breeding. This prompts the utilization of biomass in the production of biopesticides, offering a sustainable alternative to synthetic chemical pesticides.
  • 151
  • 20 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Environmental Impact of Electricity Generation Technologies
The transformation of the energy sector, based on the development of low-carbon technologies, is essential to achieve climate neutrality. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a powerful methodology for assessing the environmental impact of energy technologies, which proves to be a useful tool for policy makers. 
  • 162
  • 20 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Soil Microbes in Chernobyl and Fukushima
Compositional changes in soil microbes associated with decreases in abundance and species diversity were reported, especially in heavily contaminated areas of both Chernobyl and Fukushima, which may accompany explosions of radioresistant species. In Chernobyl, the population size of soil microbes remained low for at least 20 years after the accident, and the abundance of plant-associated microbes, which are related to the growth and defense systems of plants, possibly decreased. These reported changes in microbes likely affect soil conditions and alter plant physiology. These microbe-mediated effects may then indirectly affect insect herbivores through food-mass-mediated, pollen-mediated, and metabolite-mediated interactions. Metabolite-mediated interactions may be a major pathway for ecological impacts at low pollution levels and could explain the decreases in insect herbivores in Fukushima.
  • 212
  • 20 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Ship Automatic Identification System
The extraction of ship behavior patterns from Automatic Identification System (AIS) data and the subsequent prediction of travel routes play crucial roles in mitigating the risk of ship accidents. This study focuses on the Wuhan section of the dendritic river system in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the partial reticulated river system in the northern part of the Zhejiang Province as its primary investigation areas. Considering the structure and attributes of AIS data, a novel algorithm known as the Combination of DBSCAN and DTW (CDDTW) is introduced to identify regional navigation characteristics of ships. Subsequently, a real-time ship trajectory prediction model (RSTPM) is developed to facilitate real-time ship trajectory predictions. Experimental tests on two distinct types of river sections are conducted to assess the model’s reliability. The results indicate that the RSTPM exhibits superior prediction accuracy when compared to conventional trajectory prediction models, achieving an approximate 20 m prediction accuracy for ship trajectories on inland waterways. This showcases the advancements made by this model.
  • 110
  • 18 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Mobile Maps Using Eye Tracking
The use of mobile mapping applications is currently one of the most popular methods of navigating in urban spaces. Widespread access to smartphones and a wide range of mobile navigation applications allow each of us quick and easy access to geographic information. Mobile maps, like paper ones, allow the user to browse, search for points of interest and calculate routes, but their significant advantage, as indicated by users, is real-time information about the user’s current position.
  • 166
  • 18 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Photo-Fermentative Bacteria Used for Hydrogen Production
Photo-fermentation is an efficient hydrogen production pathway in which purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) play an active role and produce hydrogen as a part of their metabolism under optimal conditions. These bacteria work under the influence of light to advance their metabolism and use various substrates, such as simple sugars and volatile fatty acids, to produce hydrogen. 
  • 167
  • 18 Feb 2024
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