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Topic Review
Deep Learning for Land Use
Image super-resolution (SR) techniques can improve the spatial resolution of remote sensing images to provide more feature details and information, which is important for a wide range of remote sensing applications, including land use/cover classification (LUCC). Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved impressive results in the field of image SR, but the inherent localization of convolution limits the performance of CNN-based SR models. 
  • 184
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Merits and Challenges in Geographic-Information-Systems and Remote-Sensing Application
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) have evolved into distinct disciplines within geospatial technology, each with well-established theoretical foundations and methodologies. They now encompass various methodologies and software tools(ArcGIS Pro, GRASS GIS, QGIS, ENVI, ERDAS Imagine etc.), expanding their applications in spatial data collection, measurement, analysis, storage, management, display, dissemination, and deployment. GIS has moved beyond just creating digital maps. It has evolved into a comprehensive framework for integrating, storing, analyzing, and presenting geospatial data. RS involves observational and investigative activities in the environmental realm. By continuously monitoring the surface environment, GIS and RS integrate temporal and spatial dimensions, enhancing our understanding of the natural world and the human–nature relationship. This understanding is crucial for recognizing, managing, and preserving archaeological and cultural heritage (ACH).
  • 184
  • 05 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Current Trends in the Development of Fungal-Containing Consortia
There is growing interest in the creation of artificial microbial consortia, especially in the field of developing and applying various bioremediation processes. Heavy metals, dyes, synthetic polymers (microplastics), pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pharmaceutical agents are among the pollutants that have been mainly targeted by bioremediation based on various consortia containing fungi and yeasts. Such consortia can be designed both for the treatment of soil and water. 
  • 182
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Decision Support Systems Based on Gaseous Emissions
To achieve national and global air quality and climate change objectives, the agricultural sector increasingly requires dependable decision support tools for gaseous emissions at the farm level. While most decision support systems (DSSs) provide information for facilitating their use, only four are suitable for inexperienced users, and stakeholder participation in DSS development is infrequent. The dominant methodology for farm-level greenhouse gas (GHG) estimation is IPCC 2006, with quantitative models primarily used for indicators’ assessment. Scenario and contribution analyses are the prevailing decision-support approaches. Soil, crop, and fertilizer types are the most implemented non-livestock-related inputs, while climate- and feed-related costs are the least required. All DSSs assess farm-level mitigation measures, but less than half offer sustainability consultation. These tools promote environmental sustainability by evaluating mitigation strategies, disseminating farm sustainability information, and guiding sustainable farm management. Yet, challenges such as disparate estimation methods, result variations, comparison difficulties, usability concerns, steep learning curves, the lack of automation, the necessity for multiple tools, the limited integration of the results, and changing regulations hinder their wider adoption.
  • 180
  • 13 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Metal Halide Perovskites for Organic Chemical Transformations
Heterogeneous photocatalysts incorporating metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable attributes: strong visible-light absorption, tuneable band energy levels, rapid charge transfer, and defect tolerance. Additionally, the promising optical and electronic properties of MHP nanocrystals can be harnessed for photocatalytic applications through controlled crystal structure engineering, involving composition tuning via metal ion and halide ion variations, dimensional tuning, and surface chemistry modifications. Combination of perovskites with other materials can improve the photoinduced charge separation and charge transfer, building heterostructures with different band alignments, such as type-II, Z-scheme, and Schottky heterojunctions, which can fine-tune redox potentials of the perovskite for photocatalytic organic reactions.
  • 180
  • 16 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Groundwater Depletion and Degradation in North China Plain
Groundwater is an important natural resource in the North China Plain (NCP) with high economic benefits and social significance. It fulfills 60% of drinking and 70% of irrigation water requirements. Groundwater becomes unsafe for human consumption due to pollution caused by inappropriate waste disposal, industrial discharges, and agricultural runoff.
  • 180
  • 24 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Polyacrylamide Polymer Membrane Used for CO2 Post-Combustion Capture
The membrane gas-capture process has been examined for several separation purposes, such as air separation, hydrogen purification, and carbon-capture methods. For the membrane CO2 removal process, several membrane materials have been studied and enhanced to meet carbon dioxide separation standards, like molecular sieves, fixed-site carriers (FSC), inorganic, and polymeric membranes.
  • 179
  • 09 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Laoyingqing Zinc Deposit in Northeastern Yunnan
The Laoyingqing zinc deposit is located in the Pb-Zn deposit concentration district in northeastern Yunnan, with a geotectonic location on the southwestern edge of the Yangtze block. This deposit occurs in the interlayer fracture zone of the Huangcaoling Formation slate in the Middle Proterozoic Kunyang Group.
  • 178
  • 12 Jan 2024
Topic Review
MSGFNet for Remote Sensing Image Change Detection
Change detection (CD) stands out as a pivotal yet challenging task in the interpretation of remote sensing images. Significant developments have been witnessed, particularly with the rapid advancements in deep learning techniques. Nevertheless, challenges such as incomplete detection targets and unsmooth boundaries remain as most CD methods suffer from ineffective feature fusion.
  • 178
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Urban Infrastructure Integration of AI-Driven Energy Solutions
In a rapidly evolving urban landscape, the challenges of energy consumption, sustainability, and efficiency remain critical concerns. Artificial intelligence is a transformative force fundamentally reshaping the way we live, work, and interact with our environment. AI uses advanced algorithms, machine learning, and data analysis to mimic human cognitive functions, enabling machines to perceive, reason, and make decisions. In cities, AI can be used to optimize energy infrastructure and create a more sustainable and resilient urban future.
  • 175
  • 08 Jan 2024
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