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Topic Review
List of Minerals Approved by IMA (J)
This list includes those recognised minerals beginning with the letter J. The International Mineralogical Association is the international group that recognises new minerals and new mineral names, however minerals discovered before 1959 did not go through the official naming procedure, although some minerals published previously have been either confirmed or discredited since that date. This list contains a mixture of mineral names that have been approved since 1959 and those mineral names believed to still refer to valid mineral species (these are called "grandfathered" species). The list is divided into groups: The data was exported from mindat.org on 29 April 2005; updated up to 'IMA2018'. The minerals are sorted by name, followed by the structural group (rruff.info/ima and ima-cnmnc by mineralienatlas.de, mainly) or chemical class (mindat.org and basics), the year of publication (if it's before of an IMA approval procedure), the IMA approval and the Nickel–Strunz code. The first link is to mindat.org, the second link is to webmineral.com, and the third is to the Handbook of Mineralogy (Mineralogical Society of America).
  • 318
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Carfree City
A car-free city or carfree city is a population center that relies primarily on public transport, walking, or cycling for transport within the urban area. Carfree cities greatly reduce petroleum dependency, air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, automobile crashes, noise pollution, urban heat island effect and traffic congestion. Some cities have one or more districts where motorized vehicles are prohibited, referred to as car-free zones.
  • 318
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Application of UAV Photogrammetry in Mining Areas
The geological environmental damage caused by coal mining has become a hot issue in current research. Especially in the western mining area, the size of the mining working face is large, the mining intensity is high, while the surface movement and deformation are more intense and wider. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively monitor the surface using appropriate means and carrying out research on the overlying strata structure of the stope.
  • 318
  • 03 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Building the Profile of Soils' Water Storage Capacity
By taking the soil moisture as a proxy in the modelling, a neural network is designed to capture those impact factors of soil water storage capacity and their nonlinear interaction implicitly without knowing the underlying soil hydrologic processes. An internal vector of the proposed neural network assimilates the soil moisture response to meteorological conditions and is regulated as the profile of the soil water storage capacity. Different from static single value indicators, the profile vector can describe the amount of water that a soil can hold under various moisture levels over a range of time periods. Moreover, the trained model can be deployed as an alternative to the expensive sensor networks for continuous soil moisture monitoring.
  • 317
  • 27 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Measurement of Urban Sprawl
In the context of rapid urbanization, inefficient, disorderly, and low-density urban sprawl often leads to resource waste and ecological damage. Over the decades, many studies on the measurement, analysis, and governance of urban sprawl have emerged. 
  • 316
  • 25 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Flag Clouds in Mt.Everest
Flag clouds refer to flag-shaped stationary clouds that appear on the windward side of isolated snow-covered peaks under specific terrain conditions. By observing it, we can forecast the local weather.
  • 316
  • 22 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Metal Nanoparticles in Estuarine Environments
The factors that can influence the biological responses to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) exposure are temperature, feeding, reproductive status and salinity. These influences have only been studied to a limited extent and there is a limited comprehensive understanding of EMPs’ impact on estuary environments and their risk assessment. Salinity is the major parameter that is responsible for the stress of estuarine organisms and influences the toxicological effects of ENMs.
  • 315
  • 22 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Coal Measures Sandstone Reservoir in Xishanyao Formation
The reservoir physical properties, pore types, diagenetic characteristics and reservoir quality controlling effect of the Xishanyao formation coal measure sandstone in the southern margin of the Junggar basin were discussed in this study based on thin section observation, high pressure mercury injection, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and scanning electron microscope observation. The result shows that the porosity and permeability of the sandstone are generally low with a medium-high texture maturity and low compositional maturity. The sandstone storage space is mainly composed of residual intergranular pores, secondary dissolution pores, inter-crystalline pores and micro-fractures. The diagenetic stage of coal measure sandstone is in the mesodiagenesis A1-A2 stage, and their diagenetic interaction types mainly include compaction, cementation and dissolution. The reservoir quality of the coal measure sandstone deteriorates by compaction due to high matrix content and plastic debris content. Because of the large amounts of organic acids generated during the thermal evolution of the coal measure source rock, the coal measure sandstone suffers from strong dissolution. The secondary dissolution pores formed by the massive dissolution of feldspar, lithic fragments and early carbonate cementation in the sandstone significantly improved the reservoir quality. In the coal measure sandstone, clay mineral cementation is the most developed cementation form, followed by quartz cementation and carbonate cementation. Although kaolinite cementation and dolomite cementation can generate a small number of inter-crystalline pores, cementation deteriorates the reservoir quality. The Xishanyao formation coal measure sandstone formed in a lacustrine-delta environment, and its composition and texture make it susceptible to the influence of compaction and dissolution during diagenesis.
  • 315
  • 31 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Festive Ecology
Festive ecology explores the relationships between the symbolism and the ecology of the plants, fungi and animals associated with cultural events such as festivals, processions, and special occasions. Examples of topics are given below.
  • 315
  • 20 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Geophysical Methods for Studying Gas Release from Seabed
Marine geophysical methods are of particular importance in the comprehensive study of the process of gas seepage from the seabed. Their use allows for solving a wide range of problems related to the detection, mapping, quantification, and monitoring, as well as the study of upper and deeper geological roots of gas emission and their relationship with tectonic processes. 
  • 315
  • 28 Apr 2023
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