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Topic Review
Company Theories
Capital structure, also referred to as finance leverage or financial structure, encompasses various terms and is commonly known as capital structure or financial leverage. It signifies the proportion of debt and equity utilized to fund a business’s asset formation. The level of debt employed has a significant impact on managerial behavior and financial decision making. Financial ratios, including the debt/equity ratio (long-term debt/equity or long-term debt/total capital employed), provide a means to gauge the capital structure within a company. 
  • 282
  • 21 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Compass Card (TransLink)
The Compass Card is a contactless smart card payment system primarily used for public transit in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It is operated by TransLink. Riders purchase a Compass Card and add fare value online, by phone, or at vending machines located at SeaBus terminals, SkyTrain and West Coast Express stations. Vending machines are also available at 18 participating London Drugs retail store locations. Compass Cards were deployed in August 2015. Full deployment for the general public took place on November 2, 2015. Since April 4, 2016, Compass Cards and Tickets have been required for all trips taken on the SkyTrain, SeaBus, and West Coast Express. In June 2016, TransLink reported that 100 percent of monthly pass users and 95 percent of all other users have switched over to the new format, totalling more than 915,000 customers.
  • 1.6K
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Compensation Methods
Compensation methods (remuneration), are pricing models and business models used for the different types of Internet marketing, including affiliate marketing, contextual advertising, search engine marketing (including vertical comparison shopping search engines and local search engines) and display advertising.
  • 1.1K
  • 21 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Competency Mapping
Competency mapping is a strategic HR approach for monitoring the effectiveness and growth of an organisation’s human resources. It is widely seen that the HR system may use this paradigm to connect human resources with subordinate goals and the larger vision and purpose of the firm.
  • 250
  • 22 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Competency-Based Performance Management
Performance management is about achieving results in a manner that is consistent with organizational expectations. Integrating competencies within the performance management process supports the provision of feedback to employees not only on "what" they have accomplished (i.e., performance goals), but also "how" the work was performed, using competencies for providing feedback. Assessing competencies as a part of performance management is an important means of assisting employees in understanding performance expectations and enhancing competencies. Multi-source feedback, while not an HR application per se, is a method that is often used in performance management to assess and provide employees with feedback on "how" they performed their work (i.e., their demonstration of the competencies).competency
  • 830
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Competition (Companies)
Company competition, or competitiveness, pertains to the ability and performance of a firm, sub-sector or country to sell and supply goods and services in a given market, in relation to the ability and performance of other firms, sub-sectors or countries in the same market. It involves one company trying to figure out how to take away market share from another company.
  • 439
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Competitive Agri-Food Supply Chain
Competitive agri-food supply chain (hereafter, AFSC) is an important component of AFSC. In a competitive environment, more and more AFSCs use blockchain-based traceability services (hereafter, BBTS) to improve the traceability level of agricultural products.
  • 498
  • 27 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Competitiveness for Smart Technology Diffusion of Construction Industry
The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) emerged as a major issue at the 2016 World Economic Forum in Davos. Countries are trying to implement various policies from a preemptive point of view to respond to the fourth industrial revolution. Especially, the construction industry is also going through huge technological innovations, affected by 4IR. And technological innovation leads to improvements in various project outcomes and is a key factor that greatly affects the development of the construction industry.
  • 565
  • 28 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Complex Products and Systems Catch-Up in Emerging Economies
Successful catch-up is an important channel to achieve sustainable development for emerging economies; however, it is a great challenge to catch up in complex products and systems (CoPS). CoPS are defined as high-cost, engineering-intensive products, systems, and networks, and they play a critical role in modern industrial systems.
  • 383
  • 22 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Comprehensive Evaluation of China’s Input–Output Sector Status
Based on China's 2002–2018 input–output data, this research uses the entropy weight method to determine weights, and then combines the social network analysis method in order to construct a comprehensive index system for industry status evaluation.
  • 389
  • 24 Nov 2022
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