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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Effects of Cap-and-Trade Mechanism
Toward sustainability, the insurer explicitly captures the credit risk from the borrowing firms, participating in the cap-and-trade scheme to reduce carbon emissions, an essential issue of carbon emission and environmental protection when facing gray rhino threats. In addition, the energy economics and policy analysis are from the fund-providing insurer’s perspective. Green lending policies and life insurance policy loans (i.e., disintermediation related to insurance stability) are crucial to managers and regulators, particularly bridging the borrowing-firm carbon transactions for carbon emission reductions toward sustainability.
  • 363
  • 16 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Investment Management
Investment management is the professional asset management of various securities (shares, bonds and other securities) and other assets (e.g., real estate) in order to meet specified investment goals for the benefit of the investors. Investors may be institutions (insurance companies, pension funds, corporations, charities, educational establishments etc.) or private investors (both directly via investment contracts and more commonly via collective investment schemes e.g. mutual funds or exchange-traded funds). The term asset management is often used to refer to the investment management of collective investments, while the more generic fund management may refer to all forms of institutional investment as well as investment management for private investors. Investment managers who specialize in advisory or discretionary management on behalf of (normally wealthy) private investors may often refer to their services as money management or portfolio management often within the context of "private banking". The provision of investment management services includes elements of financial statement analysis, asset selection, stock selection, plan implementation and ongoing monitoring of investments. Coming under the remit of financial services many of the world's largest companies are at least in part investment managers and employ millions of staff. It remains unclear if professional investment managers can reliably enhance risk adjusted returns by an amount that exceeds fees and expenses of investment management. The term fund manager (or investment advisor in the United States) refers to both a firm that provides investment management services and an individual who directs fund management decisions. According to a Boston Consulting Group study, the assets managed professionally for fees reached an all-time high of US$62.4 trillion in 2012, after remaining flat-lined since 2007. Furthermore, these industry assets under management were expected to reach US$70.2 trillion at the end of 2013 as per a Cerulli Associates estimate. The global investment management industry is highly concentrated in nature, in a universe of about 70,000 funds roughly 99.7% of the US fund flows in 2012 went into just 185 funds. Additionally, a majority of fund managers report that more than 50% of their inflows go to only three funds.
  • 362
  • 19 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Sustainable Blue Jeans Consumer Behavior
A blue jeans brand committed to the environmental cause could position itself as unique and socially responsible and attract environmentally driven consumers.
  • 362
  • 29 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Discount Incentives and Hotels' Carbon Reduction
To improve carbon reduction efficiency, green hotels adopt cash discount incentives to encourage green customer behavior. An incentive mechanism is a policy or plan that compels individuals to work toward accomplishing a certain goal. In addition to achievement and recognition, monetary and material incentives are the most common incentives in management science. As monetary incentives, discount incentives’ effectiveness in promoting green customer behaviors has been controversial.
  • 362
  • 23 Aug 2023
Topic Review
The Utilization of Artificial Neural Networks
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the way organizations face decision-making issues. One of these crucial elements is the implementation of organizational changes. There has been a wide-spread adoption of AI techniques in the private sector, whereas in the public sector their use has been recently extended. One of the greatest challenges that European governments have to face is the implementation of a wide variety of European Union (EU) funding programs which have evolved in the context of the EU long-term budget.
  • 362
  • 24 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Regulation of Data Abuse in Digital Platforms
Data abuse refers to the unauthorized acquisition and use of personal data by enterprises, organizations, or individuals, including but not limited to identity information, transaction records, and health records, without the explicit consent of users. With the booming platform economy, the governance of digital platforms has become a top priority for policymakers, regulators, and competition authorities around the world.
  • 362
  • 21 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Assets with Historical—Architectural Significance and Historic Designation
The historic designation of individual properties and entire neighborhoods has experienced an evolution in its meaning in recent decades. The original passive approach to managing historical buildings, which primarily regarded them as “values” to be defended and preserved for future generations, has been supplemented by strategies aimed at their valorization, derived from an awareness of the potential of such resources for the community, as a means of promoting the economic and social conditions of local populations.
  • 360
  • 05 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Advanced Air Mobility Standards in Medical Drone Delivery
There are three application areas that have been accelerating the demand for cargo drones: (1) deliveries to areas with limited accessibility, such as oil rigs, ships, remote communities, islands, mountainous regions, disaster areas, and communities with poor roads; (2) rapid delivery of emergency medical items, such as antidotes, resuscitation equipment, injections, bandages, blood, and human transplant organs; and (3) same-day or same-hour delivery of packages and food in congested urban environments. All three applications can involve both middle-mile (between hubs) and last-mile (hub to home) deliveries. The focus of this research is on opportunities to increase the speed and reduce the risk of middle-mile delivery of pharmaceuticals by using emerging cargo drone technologies.
  • 359
  • 28 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Blended Finance and Partial Risk Guarantee
A partial risk guarantee (PRG) is one of the critical instruments in the blended finance approach that provides assurance to the risk investor to lend leveraged capital to the borrower. Under the PRG scheme, philanthropic capital is employed as a risk guarantee to create financial and economic additionality through the multiplier effect.
  • 358
  • 21 Aug 2023
Topic Review
The Last-Mile Delivery of Products
Last-mile delivery (LMD) is a challenging and costly supply chain process that involves direct customer interaction. Last-mile logistics is an emerging research area. In particular, the European Commission Directorate General for Energy and Transport provides guidelines for abnormal road transport, such as heavy, bulky, and oversized (HBO) products.
  • 357
  • 20 Dec 2023
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