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Topic Review
GIS-Based Emotional Computing
In recent years, with the growing accessibility of abundant contextual emotion information, which is benefited by the numerous georeferenced user-generated content and the maturity of artificial intelligence (AI)-based emotional computing technics, the emotion layer of human–environment relationship is proposed for enriching traditional methods of various related disciplines such as urban planning. This paper proposes the geographic information system (GIS)-based emotional computing concept, which is a novel framework for applying GIS methods to collective human emotion. The methodology presented in this paper consists of three key steps: (1) collecting georeferenced data containing emotion and environment information such as social media and official sites, (2) detecting emotions using AI-based emotional computing technics such as natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV), and (3) visualizing and analyzing the spatiotemporal patterns with GIS tools. This methodology is a great synergy of multidisciplinary cutting-edge techniques, such as GIScience, sociology, and computer science. Moreover, it can effectively and deeply explore the connection between people and their surroundings with the help of GIS methods. Generally, the framework provides a standard workflow to calculate and analyze the new information layer for researchers, in which a measured human-centric perspective onto the environment is possible.
  • 715
  • 26 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Life Quality in Smart Destinations
The objective of this research is to propose a theoretical model based on studies on residents’ quality of life in smart tourism destinations. Smart tourism destinations are territories based on information and communication technologies (ICT), which improve travelers’ tourist experiences as well as affect the quality of life of residents. To know the context of the relationships between tourism and quality of life, main studies and theories regarding these two phenomena are analyzed. Likewise, the relationship between smart places and quality of life is also studied.
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Antidepressant Effects of Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents
Close connections between depression and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have been suggested by many epidemiological and experimental studies. Disturbances in insulin sensitivity due to the disruption of various molecular pathways cause insulin resistance, which underpins many metabolic disorders, including diabetes, as well as depression. Several anti-hyperglycemic agents have demonstrated antidepressant properties in clinical trials, probably due to their action on brain targets based on the shared pathophysiology of depression and T2DM.
  • 710
  • 22 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Impact of COVID-19 on Urban-Mobility
       Covid-19 has caused a huge impact on all aspects of the world, and the urban transport systems have experienced a severe challenge during the epidemic. Taxies play an important role in ensuring basic travel and show their unique advantages in epidemic prevention and control while the large volume of public transport modes are limited during the epidemic period. It is necessary to reevaluate the occupancy and consumption of resources and benefits of similar taxi transport modes, consider the relationship between similar taxi transport modes and other public transport modes, and establish a harmonious and symbiotic urban travel system. In the future, we aim to contribute to the establishment of an innovative, healthy, and safe urban transport system, restore the confidence in the public transport, and promote the development of sustainable transport systems after the epidemic through more research on the relationship between the epidemic and urban transport. After all, Urban mobility is not the main cause of the spread of the virus.
  • 755
  • 22 Oct 2020
Topic Review
FNIRS application in Parkinson’s Disease
The management of people affected by neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, requires the adoption of targeted and cost-effective interventions to cope with chronicity. Although therapy adaptation and rehabilitation represent major targets, affordable and reliable neurophysiological correlates of cerebral activity to be used throughout treatment stages are often lacking. The functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) represents a versatile optical neuroimaging technology for investigating cortical hemodynamic activity in the most common chronic neurological conditions, including Parkinson's disease, with the advantages of non-invasiveness and portability which make fNIRS suitable for carrying out multiple measurements in rehabilitation settings.
  • 1.1K
  • 21 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Higher Education and COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic had profound consequences on the educational dimension, with the temporary closure of educational institutions, as well as the impediment of face-to-face classes. These challenging conditions can be a critical moment of opportunity to reshape education in higher education, with the implementation, development, and diffusion of digital technologies.
  • 16.4K
  • 20 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Emergence of Society 5.0
The Society 5.0 emerged as an Japanese government program in which the government wish to establish a better, super-smart and more prosperous human-centered society, with the support of the technological innovations. The goal  of the program is also to recover the Japanese economy. The similar program is  known in Europe as  Industry 4.0. or Fourth Industrial revolution and in USA as Industrial Internet.
  • 3.1K
  • 17 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Urban Noise and Psychological Distress
Chronic exposure to urban noise is harmful for auditory perception, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and nervous systems, while also causing psychological annoyance. Around 25% of the EU population experience a deterioration in the quality of life due to annoyance and about 5–15% suffer from sleep disorders, with many disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost annually. This entry highlights the main sources of urban noise, the principal clinical disorders and the most effected countries.
  • 731
  • 14 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Service-Learning Projects in University Degrees
Service-Learning (SL) is a methodology in which the students achieve academic and transversal competences related to a subject while carrying out a service for community benefit.  This methodology can be used as a tool to incorporate contents in the lecture sessions and to teach the students about sustainability or to start collaborations about sustainability issues between community partners, local governments and associations.  
  • 532
  • 02 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Alcohol Craving
Craving is a multidimensional phenomenon involving an intense urge to consume substances. It is perceived as an individual experience of “wanting” a drug that may result in motivational and drug-seeking behavioral patterns. Alcohol craving has been extensively studied due to its clinical implications in the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Craving is considered one of the mechanisms that promote relapse after treatment discharge and even after a prolonged period of abstinence. To better understand the magnitude of the relationship between craving and relapse, it is fundamental to explore factors associated with alcohol craving as it may help in the development of more efficient treatment approaches to prevent relapse in AUD patients.
  • 1.3K
  • 28 Sep 2020
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