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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Distance Education in Europe
During the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, teaching and learning changed massively. Instead of learning in a common place—the classroom—at a common time, the pandemic situation led to a spatial and temporal separation of students and teachers. This unforeseen and unprepared phase of distance education that occurred in spring 2020 is termed emergency remote teaching . The term ERT describes the temporary shift of instruction to distance and the rapid establishment of alternative ways to teach in order to maintain some form of school education. Teaching during ERT was mostly achieved by the means of digital media and the internet. This reorganization of the teaching “shocked teachers at all levels and at the same time inspired them to find solutions to problems they have not encountered before”. As part of the urgent search for new teaching methods and the need to find creative solutions to the problems they faced, teachers all over the world aimed to develop a new form of continuity in education: the implementation of online education as the “new normal”.
  • 836
  • 17 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Videogame-Based Training
Virtualized training provides high fidelity environments to practice skills and gain knowledge, potentially mitigating harmful consequences from real life mistakes. Videogames are believed to have characteristics that improve learning. There is conflicting evidence on the benefits of using videogame-based training to improve learning. 
  • 464
  • 17 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Cyberbullying and Mental Health among University Students
Bullying is an aggressive behavior that is intentionally and repeatedly directed at individuals who have less power than the attacker does. Bullying may take many forms, including physical, verbal, and social bullying. In its physical form, bullying includes hitting, pushing, spitting, and other physical acts. Bullying in the oral form includes mocking, name-calling, and threatening. In its social form, it consists of spreading rumors (slander), exclusion from peer groups, and other forms. When dealing with perpetrators, these three forms of bullying most commonly occur face to face.
  • 780
  • 16 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Current State of Bestiality Law in the US
Laws punishing individuals who have sex with nonhuman animals have existed since the earliest written legal codes. In the United States, bestiality has long been prohibited. The rationale for criminalizing sex acts with animals has changed over time and has included moral condemnation, considerations of animal rights and animal welfare, and most recently, a concern about the relationship between animal cruelty and interpersonal violence, colloquially known as the Link. There exist important differences in language, specificity, and potential punishments for offenders depending on the jurisdiction.
  • 55.0K
  • 16 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Humans and the Olfactory Environment
The sense of smell is underappreciated. Though less crucial than sight or hearing, it tells about what people neither see nor hear. It also enriches sight and hearing with biochemical data on objects of interest. Finally, by producing disgust or pleasure, it helps decide whether such objects should be avoided or approached. Humans have remade their olfactory environment, typically by making it more pleasant-smelling, just as they have remade their visual environment to make it more pleasant-looking. But the process has not been one-way. By remaking the environment, people have ended up remaking ourselves. On the one hand, humans have been creating more and more of their world; on the other hand, this human-created world has been modifying their genomes via natural selection.  
  • 443
  • 16 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Development of Emergency Intimate Partner Violence Shelters
When a woman seeks emergency shelter from an abusive relationship, she may bring her children but rarely companion animals. Companion animals are viewed as problematic, as obstacles to their clients’ safe relocation, falling outside the scope of IPV shelters (who rarely take a co-sheltering approach), and as potential strains on an already resource-stretched social institution. Addressing a gap in the literature about the effects of companion animal policies in social housing on clients and staff, the results are relevant to social service providers and policymakers working with multispecies families, including insights about women and children’s reactions to separation from companion animals, contradictions in related policies, and institutional priorities.
  • 492
  • 15 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Gendered Citizenship, Inequality, and Well-Being in Qatar
The impact of gendered citizenship on the well-being of cross-national families following the political blockade imposed on Qatar in 2017. More specifically, it examines how these families, women, and children face challenges related to their lives, well-being, and rights. Twenty-three face-to-face interviews were conducted with Qatari and non-Qatari women and men married to non-Qatari spouses residing in Qatar. 
  • 1.3K
  • 15 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Emancipation Life Paths of Portuguese Cigano/Roma Women
In Portuguese society, some Cigano/Roma women, during their life paths, distance themselves from the Cigano cultural tradition, particularly in regard to marriage, schooling, employment and social life. On the one hand, there is a feeling of attachment to traditional values as family pressure to marry or in relation to gender differentiation; on the other hand, these women express a desire for empowerment autonomy and emancipation in order to draw up their own trajectories and life projects.
  • 485
  • 15 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Relative Age dynamics in Professional Sport
There is abundant literature in talent development investigating the relative age effect in talent systems. There is also growing recognition of the reversal of relative age advantage, a phenomenon that sees significantly higher numbers of earlier born players leaving talent systems before the elite level. A rethink of approach to the relative age effect is warranted, whilst further investigations of mechanisms are necessary. Relative age appears to be a population-level effect, driven by challenge dynamics.
  • 272
  • 15 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Multiracial Microaggression Taxonomy
Substantial scholarship elucidates the prevalence of racial microaggressions in everyday interactions. Racial microaggressions are defined as “brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, or environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative racial slights and insults toward people of color” . Other scholars highlight how racial microaggressions interact with identity characteristics beyond race. For example, they can be “layered assaults, based on race and its intersections with gender, class, sexuality, language, immigration status, phenotype, accent or surname” . Furthermore, microaggressions are chronic stressors that affect the holistic health of people of color with the potential to trigger the development of psychological and physiological health issues. The literature available on multiracial microaggressions and examines how Black-Asian groups in particular are impacted in detail. 
  • 960
  • 15 Jun 2022
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