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Topic Review
Empowerment Framework
The empowerment framework (EF) is a tool for capturing children’s involvement in their play environment and with their peers. It exposes what they are interested in and how they are learning through that process. The EF was designed as a conceptual framework, developed through PhD research with seven case-study children and families.
  • 1.3K
  • 07 Sep 2022
Topic Review
People with Intellectual Disability in Nigeria
Intellectual disability (ID) is an emerging field of research in Nigeria. According to Maulik et al., the highest prevalence of people with an intellectual disability (ID) are seen in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). In 2018, the World Health Organization estimated that 29 million people in Nigeria were living with a disability. Nigeria signed the United Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) and ratified its optional Protocol in 2010—an attempt to protect the rights of disabled people and, in January 2019, passed the Discrimination Against Persons with Disabilities (Prohibition) Act 2018.
  • 1.3K
  • 06 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Use of Virtual Labs in the Tertiary Education
There is a growing demand for Virtual Laboratories (VLabs) in tertiary education to support remote, flexible, and equitable learning. Most of the universities in Australia offer distance education to students who do not attend on-campus classes. On-line labs allowing access via an internet connection can offer learners the required infrastructure to complete their lab tasks without attending physical lab facilities. The onset of COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 has seen further spike in demand for VLabs as accessing online lab facilities to undertake hands on activities from anywhere and anytime was imperative during lockdown periods.
  • 737
  • 02 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Cultural Additivity
This entry provides the conceptual development of “cultural additivity.” It reviews the three most relevant concepts namely syncretism, cultural hybridity, and creolization, and then makes a case for the usefulness of “cultural additivity” in explaining the adoption and rejection of emerging cultural values. The newly introduced concept utilizes a well-developed theory called mindsponge theory.
  • 2.0K
  • 02 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Serendipity
Serendipity is defined as an ability to notice, evaluate, and take advantage of unexpected information for survival purposes (both natural and social). The concept has been discussed for centuries. Still, it has only caught the attention of academia quite recently due to its strategic advantage in all aspects of life, such as daily life activities, science and technology, business and entrepreneurship, politics and economics, education administration, career choice and development, etc.
  • 4.7K
  • 01 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Mindsponge Mechanism
The mindsponge mechanism (mindsponge framework, mindsponge concept, or mindsponge process) provides a way to explain how and why an individual observes and ejects cultural values conditional on the external setting. The term “mindsponge” derives from the metaphor that the mind is analogized to a sponge that squeezes out unsuitable values and absorbs new ones compatible with its core value. Thanks to the complexity and well-structuring, the mechanism has been used to develop various concepts in multiple disciplines. One such concept is "cultural additivity" (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-018-0189-2). Recently, the mindsponge mechanism has been developed into mindsponge theory based on various evidence from natural sciences.
  • 3.7K
  • 01 Sep 2022
Topic Review Video
The Role of Identity in Eating Behaviors
Identity is a major construct in the fields of psychology and anthropology that can relate to both the maintenance of eating behaviors and cultural sensitivity. Social and self-identities, as well as ethnic, religious, ethical, eater-type, and other behavior-based identities, are associated with eating behavior change and maintenance.  Identity measurements greatly vary in type and complexity, but the most robust include some accounting for multiple identities and identity shifting over time. Multiple aspects of identity reciprocally reinforce eating behaviors, and change maintenance is associated with identity salience and identity centrality. Identity is an important way to understand the internal landscape of individuals and may be underutilized and heterogeneously applied in eating behavior research. The inclusion of identity assessments seems to lead to better outcomes and increased predictive and explanatory power regarding eating behaviors and can be especially meaningful within differing cultural, normative, and environmental scenarios. 
  • 1.2K
  • 01 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Multi-Method Approach to Measuring Self-Regulated Learning
Self-regulated learning (SRL) is an active process in which individuals set goals, monitor their learning process, and regulate it according to goals and contextual demands. Most models of self-regulated learning assume that the purposeful use of specific processes, strategies, or responses is directed toward improving academic performance. They also assume that SRL involves cognitive, metacognitive, and motivational/affective processes, knowledge about these processes, and strategies for carrying them out. It is challenging to measure the (meta)cognitive and motivational/affective process and its components in SRL. No existing measure alone can capture the full complexity of this dynamic process and its contents. In general, SRL measures can be divided into offline and online measures. Offline measures, e.g., self-report questionnaires and interviews, attempt to capture self-regulation before or after the completion of the learning process, while online measures attempt to capture self-regulation in real time while learning is in progress.
  • 640
  • 31 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Automobile Consumers’ Low-Carbon Purchase Intention
Low-carbon buying consciousness is a kind of tacit knowledge, which was put forward by Michael Polanyi in Philosophy in 1958. “There are two kinds of human knowledge,” he argued. “What is usually described as knowledge” expressed in written words, charts and mathematical formulas, is only one type of knowledge. And unexpressed knowledge, like the knowledge that people have when they are doing something, is a different kind of knowledge. He called the former explicit knowledge and the latter tacit knowledge. Scholars have made great achievements in the study of tacit knowledge. Consumers are a group, and the classic model to study the trend of the crowd is the Susceptible Infected Recovered Model (SIR).
  • 543
  • 31 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Religious Discrimination in Workplace
The secular models are putting strain on religious diversity in the context of the workplace. With religious diversity growing in European societies and the visible expression of religious beliefs and behaviors, tensions have arisen linked to the rise of xenophobia. Religious minorities are discriminated in the workplace, especially Muslim women that wear Islamic veils. Nonetheless, the people pertaining to these religious minorities have agency, and they can overcome this discrimination.
  • 518
  • 30 Aug 2022
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