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Topic Review
Neuron (Software)
Neuron is a simulation environment for modeling individual and networks of neurons. It was primarily developed by Michael Hines, John W. Moore, and Ted Carnevale at Yale and Duke. Neuron models individual neurons via the use of sections that are automatically subdivided into individual compartments, instead of requiring the user to manually create compartments. The primary scripting language is hoc but a Python interface is also available. Programs can be written interactively in a shell, or loaded from a file. Neuron supports parallelization via the MPI protocol. Neuron is capable of handling diffusion-reaction models, and integrating diffusion functions into models of synapses and cellular networks. Parallelization is possible via internal multithreaded routines, for use on multi-core computers. The properties of the membrane channels of the neuron are simulated using compiled mechanisms written using the NMODL language or by compiled routines operating on internal data structures that are set up with Channel Builder. Along with the analogous software platform GENESIS, Neuron is the basis for instruction in computational neuroscience in many courses and laboratories around the world.
  • 845
  • 11 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Effects of Digital Diet Control on Anti-Aging Healthcare
Diet management has long been an important practice in healthcare, enabling individuals to get an insight into their nutrient intake, prevent diseases, and stay healthy. Traditional methods based on self-reporting, food diaries, and periodic assessments have been used for a long time to control dietary habits. These methods have shown limitations in accuracy, compliance, and real-time analysis. The rapid advancement of digital technologies has revolutionized healthcare, including the diet control landscape, allowing for innovative solutions to control dietary patterns and generate accurate and personalized recommendations. 
  • 844
  • 07 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Integrated Archaeological Database
The Integrated Archaeological Database system, or IADB for short, is an open-source web-based application designed to address the data management requirements throughout the lifespan of archaeological excavation projects, from initial excavation recording, through post-excavation analysis and research to eventual dissemination and archiving.
  • 841
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Connected and Automated Vehicles
Autonomous vehicles (AV) are game-changing innovations that promise a safer, more convenient, and environmentally friendly mode of transportation than traditional vehicles. 
  • 837
  • 19 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Adaptive Graphs for Multi-View Subspace Clustering
Clustering of multi-source geospatial big data provides opportunities to comprehensively describe urban structures. Most existing studies focus only on the clustering of a single type of geospatial big data, which leads to biased results. Although multi-view subspace clustering methods are advantageous for fusing multi-source geospatial big data, exploiting a robust shared subspace in high-dimensional, non-uniform, and noisy geospatial big data remains a challenge. 
  • 836
  • 26 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Traffic Flow Prediction Based on MLR-LSTM Neural Network
A prediction method based on the combination of multiple linear regression and Long-Short-Term Memory (MLR-LSTM) is proposed, which uses the incomplete traffic flow data in the past period of time of the target prediction section and the continuous and complete traffic flow data in the past period of time of each adjacent section to jointly predict the traffic flow changes of the target section in a short time.
  • 833
  • 27 Oct 2022
Topic Review
An Overview of the Fundamental Vaccine Safety Concepts
The rapid development of effective vaccines against COVID-19 is an extraordinary achievement. However, no medical product can ever be considered risk-free. Several countries have a pharmacovigilance system that detects, assesses, understands, and prevents possible adverse effects of a drug. To benefit from such huge data sources, specialists and researchers need advanced big data analysis tools able to extract value and find valuable insights
  • 830
  • 06 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Digital Gifts and Tourism Mementos
Touristic destinations all around the world are struggling to digitally transform the touristic experience and the touristic products they offer and to capitalize a good experience with new tourists and returning ones. It is possible for various lines of business to come together and work along one another for an improve touristic experience using mobile technologies in a personalized, targeted approach.
  • 829
  • 06 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Software to Improve Verbal Communication in Children
Autism-assistive apps offer therapists and caregivers new approaches for educating and assisting individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), mainly in social interaction. Even though these apps are deemed effective, they are not. These autism-assistive apps are not highly customizable, which limits their usefulness.
  • 820
  • 14 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Autonomous Wheelchair Navigation
As automated driving system (ADS) technology is adopted in wheelchairs, clarity on the vehicle’s imminent path becomes essential for both users and pedestrians. For users, understanding the imminent path helps mitigate anxiety and facilitates real-time adjustments. For pedestrians, this insight aids in predicting their next move when near the wheelchair.
  • 810
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Towards Enabling Haptic Communications over 6G
The developments in communication networks enable many applications including high quality audio/video sharing. Mobile communication has become an essential component of present-day life. It plays an important role in the economy, health, education, and many other industries. Most of the population is connected through mobile communication networks globally. After successfully connecting billions of smartphones and laptops through mobile internet, the focus of mobile internet has now been diverted towards the ubiquitous connectivity of multiple devices and machines, hence creating the Internet of Things (IoT). This transition has led mankind towards remote communication between a human being and some kind of physical device. Such data-intensive communications can result in mediums where the human beings can interact with each other remotely by touch (haptic communication) or actuation.
  • 804
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence for Facial Emotion Detection in Children
The knowledge of the emotions of children with Down Syndrome (DS) obtained through the analysis of their facial expressions during an assisted therapy with dolphins using Artificial Vision and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks can significantly contribute to the effectiveness of the therapy.  Understanding the emotional responses of DS children during therapy sessions can provide valuable insights into their level of engagement, comfort, and overall well-being. This information can help therapists and caregivers tailor the therapy sessions to meet the specific emotional needs of each child, enhancing their overall experience and potentially improving therapeutic outcomes. 
  • 799
  • 30 Aug 2023
Topic Review
2D DWT and PCA with Canonical Huffman Encoding
For image compression, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and CHC with principal component analysis (PCA) were combined. The lossy method was introduced by using PCA, followed by DWT and CHC to enhance compression efficiency. By using DWT and CHC instead of PCA alone, the reconstructed images have a better peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR).
  • 797
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Supervised Log Anomaly with Probabilistic Polynomial Approximation
Audit and Security log collection and storage are essential for organizations worldwide to recognize security breaches and are required by law. Logs often contain sensitive information about an organization or its customers. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows calculations on encrypted data, thus very useful for privacy-preserving tasks such as log anomaly detection. While word-wise FHE schemes can perform additions and multiplications, complex functions such as Sigmoid need to be approximated. Probabilistic polynomial approximations using a Perceptron can achieve lower errors compared to deterministic approaches like Taylor and Chebyshev.
  • 797
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Click-Through Rate Prediction and Customer Representation
Click-Through Rate Prediction is a significant subject in e-commerce for both academia and industry. In order to accurately predict the customer's click intent, it is necessary to create a personalized customer representation. Learning such a customer representation is currently state-of-the-art.
  • 797
  • 14 Feb 2024
Topic Review
XR, Vision Impairments and Empathy
Across the world, an increasing number of people experience vision impairments or blindness. For people with healthy eyes, it may be difficult to discern how the world looks to a person with impaired eyesight. Medical explanations in books and articles, descriptions from patients, and 2D images of impaired vision are often insufficient to communicate the negative effects of vision impairments and to truly make someone understand how the world looks through the eyes of a visually impaired person. Relatives, employers, and even the medical providers of those impacted by eye diseases may benefit from simulations of vision impairments, to increase understanding, sympathy, and empathy. Research on digital vision-impairment simulations has increased. With the rise of emerging technologies such as extended reality (XR), simulations can now be made more realistic and immersive than ever before. This document provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in simulating vision impairments using a variety of hardware and software solutions that address different conditions and impairments. It also discusses the role of XR solutions in increasing sympathy and empathy for people with vision impairments.
  • 787
  • 15 Nov 2023
Topic Review
History and the Importance of Dashcams
Vehicular cyber–physical systems (VCPS) include subsystems of different software and hardware that intelligently cooperate to enhance mobility, safety and entertainment. A dashboard camera (dashcam) is a part of VCPS and is becoming an important in-vehicle accessory for recording audio and visual footage of journeys. In fact, the use of dashcams is increasing rapidly, and the number of dashcams with data, such as GPS coordinates, speed and time, is increasing in the market. Dashcams generate several artifacts of evidential value, such as vehicular speed, GPS data, audio, video, text data, objects and static images. 
  • 787
  • 11 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Sustainability in the Textile and Clothing Value Chain
Textile and clothing is one of the most important industrial sectors, not only due to the significant number of jobs generated, but also because it addresses one of the people’s fundamental needs (clothing). It is, however, a sector with a huge global environmental impact, and also an important negative social impact, especially in developing countries. Sustainability in the textile and clothing value chain is a known issue, concerning both environmental and economic-social facets of sustainability. One way to improve sustainability in this sector is by measuring and monitoring the environmental, economic and social impacts of activities along the value chain and, ultimately, computing an environmental and circular score for each batch of textile and clothing product, and an economic and social score for each involved company, reflected in their products. The consumer will then have the opportunity and responsibility for selecting products with the least negative environmental, economic and social impact.
  • 785
  • 05 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), especially deep learning (DL), have facilitated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data analysis, enabling AI-assisted medical image diagnoses and prognoses. However, most of the DL models are considered as “black boxes”. There is an unmet need to demystify DL models so domain experts can trust these high-performance DL models. This has resulted in a sub-domain of AI research called explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). 
  • 778
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Virtual Reality for Addressing Depression and Anxiety
Virtual reality is an emerging field in mental health and has gained widespread acceptance due to its potential to treat various disorders, such as anxiety and depression. 
  • 773
  • 16 May 2023
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