Your browser does not fully support modern features. Please upgrade for a smoother experience.
Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort by:
Most Viewed Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Filter:
All Topic Review Biography Peer Reviewed Entry Video Entry
Biography
Vladimir Karapetoff
Vladimir Karapetoff (January 8, 1876 in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire – January 11, 1948) was a Russian-American electrical engineer, inventor, professor, and author. He was the son of Nikita Ivanovich Karapetov and Anna Joakimovna Karapetova. Karapetoff first studied at Petersburg State University of Means of Communication taking his first certification in 1897 and a second in 1902. Dur
  • 735
  • 08 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Computer Atlas of Surface Topology of Proteins
Computer Atlas of Surface Topology of Proteins (CASTp) aims to provide comprehensive and detailed quantitative characterization of topographic features of protein, is now updated to version 3.0. 
  • 733
  • 24 Nov 2022
Biography
Friedhelm Hengsbach
Friedhelm Hengsbach is a professor emeritus for Christian social ethics. He was also director of the Oswald von Nell-Breuning Institute for Economic and Social Ethical Studies of the Jesuit Sankt Georgen Graduate School of Philosophy and Theology in Frankfurt. Friedhelm Hengsbach was born in Dortmund in 1937. After attending grammar school and passing his A-levels he joined the Society of Jes
  • 731
  • 12 Dec 2022
Biography
Jordi Casals I Ariet
Jordi Casals i Ariet (born 15 May 1911, Viladrau, Osona, Spain; died 10 February 2004) was a Catalan physician and epidemiologist.[1][2] One of Casals' major legacies is his work on viral taxonomy, especially for insect-borne viruses. Another is significant improvements in safety in the handling of dangerous pathogens in laboratory settings, relating to an incident in 1969 at Yale where Casals
  • 731
  • 12 Dec 2022
Biography
Justin M. Andrews
Justin Meredith Andrews (August 28, 1902 – June 29, 1967) was an American public health administrator and parasitologist, specialising in malaria. Andrews was born in Providence, Rhode Island, on August 28, 1902, the son of Clarke Willett Andrews (1872–1907), who worked with the New England Telephone Company, and his wife Annie Frances, née Bliven (b. 1878). The family descended from Joh
  • 730
  • 23 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Conventional and Emerging Treatments for Hypertrophic Scarring
Hypertrophic scarring (HTS) is an aberrant form of wound healing that is associated with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and connective tissue at the site of injury. Scarring is a major clinical problem, affecting some 100 million patients in the developed world alone. According to the current and emerging therapies, which  demonstrate the inadequacy of therapies to address HTS. A better understanding of the impaired mechanisms underlying HTS would surely lead to the development of more effective targeted therapies to treat this debilitating and costly pathological condition.
  • 728
  • 02 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Macropore Formation and Current Facilitation in P2X7
Macropore formation and current facilitation are intriguing phenomena associated with ATP-gated P2X7 receptors (P2X7). Macropores are large pores formed in the cell membrane that allow the passage of large molecules. The precise mechanisms underlying macropore formation remain poorly understood, but recent evidence suggests two alternative pathways: a direct entry through the P2X7 pore itself, and an indirect pathway triggered by P2X7 activation involving additional proteins, such as TMEM16F channel/scramblase. On the other hand, current facilitation refers to the progressive increase in current amplitude and activation kinetics observed with prolonged or repetitive exposure to ATP. Various mechanisms, including the activation of chloride channels and intrinsic properties of P2X7, have been proposed to explain this phenomenon.
  • 727
  • 12 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Radmilovac
Radmilovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Радмиловац) is a suburban settlement of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia, and an experimental farm of the University of Belgrade's Faculty of Agriculture. It is located in the Belgrade municipality of Grocka. It is also known for the hotel of the same name.
  • 722
  • 02 Dec 2022
Biography
Klara Döpel
Klara (Minna) Renate Döpel (née Mannß; 1900 – 6 April 1945 in Leipzig) was a feminist and a Germany lawyer until 1933. Then she married the German nuclear physicist Robert Döpel, and they worked together as a team at Leipzig University studying nuclear reactor configurations for the German nuclear energy project. Klara was killed in an air raid near the end of World War II. Klara Döpel
  • 722
  • 12 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Nanoparticles in Brief
Nanoparticles, materials at the nanoscale, have revolutionized various fields. Their unique properties, ranging from size-dependent characteristics to high reactivity, have enabled diverse applications in medicine, electronics, materials science, and environmental protection. This review explores the world of nanoparticles, encompassing their properties, synthesis methods, and applications, underscoring their significance across industries. Additionally, it addresses the challenges associated with nanoparticles, such as toxicity and environmental concerns, emphasizing the need for responsible utilization. The world of nanoparticles promises innovation and solutions but requires cautious exploration to maximize benefits while minimizing risks.
  • 722
  • 23 Oct 2023
Biography
Firmin Abauzit
Firmin Abauzit (November 11, 1679 – March 20, 1767) was a France scholar who worked on physics, theology and philosophy, and served as librarian in Geneva (Republic of Geneva) during his final 40 years. Abauzit is also notable for proofreading or correcting the writings of Isaac Newton and other scholars. Firmin Abauzit was born of Huguenot parents November 11, 1679 at Uzès, in Languedoc.
  • 720
  • 16 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Develop a PluriZyme
Protein engineering is the design and modification of protein structures to optimize their functions or create novel functionalities for applications in biotechnology, medicine or industry. It represents an essential scientific solution for many of the environmental and societal challenges ahead of us, such as polymer degradation. Unlike traditional chemical methods, enzyme-mediated degradation is selective and environmentally friendly and requires milder conditions. Computational methods will play a critical role in developing such solutions by enabling more efficient bioprospecting of natural polymer-degrading enzymes. 
  • 719
  • 12 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Neurocognitive Symptoms Due to Respiratory infections
Respiratory infections are among the major public health burdens, especially during winter. Along these lines, the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the principal viral agent causing acute lower respiratory tract infections leading to hospitalization. The pulmonary manifestations due to hRSV infection are bronchiolitis and pneumonia, where the population most affected are infants and the elderly. However, recent evidence suggests that hRSV infection can impact the mother and fetus during pregnancy. Studies have indicated that hRSV can infect different cell types from the placenta and even cross the placenta barrier and infect the fetus. In addition, it is known that infections during the gestational period can lead to severe consequences for the development of the fetus due not only to a direct viral infection but also because of maternal immune activation (MIA). Furthermore, it has been described that the development of the central nervous system (CNS) of the fetus can be affected by the inflammatory environment of the uterus caused by viral infections. Increasing evidence supports the notion that hRSV could invade the CNS and infect nervous cells, such as microglia, neurons, and astrocytes, promoting neuroinflammation. Moreover, it has been described that the hRSV infection can provoke neurological manifestations, including cognitive impairment and behavioral alterations.
  • 718
  • 18 Jan 2022
Biography
William R. Bennett Jr.
William Ralph Bennett Jr. (January 30, 1930 – June 29, 2008) was an United States physicist known for his pioneering work on gas lasers. He spent most of his career on the faculty of Yale University. The son of the noted physicist William R. Bennett Sr.,[1] Bennett Jr. received his bachelor's degree in physics from Princeton University. Bennett's graduate work in physics was on spectroscop
  • 718
  • 16 Dec 2022
Topic Review
DNA Methylation in Endometrial Cancer
Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the female genital system, with an increasing incidence and mortality worldwide. Further understanding of carcinogenesis from a gene perspective would allow an effort to improve therapeutic precision in this complex malignancy. DNA methylation is catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases, which is one of the most extensively researched epigenetic alterations in human tumors. Aberrant DNA methylation events, resulting in altered gene expression, are features of many tumor types, including EC.
  • 715
  • 26 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Ancient Pathogen Genomics
Ancient pathogen genomics is a scientific field related to the study of pathogen genomes recovered from ancient human, plant or animal remains. Ancient pathogens are microorganisms, now extinct, that in the past centuries caused several epidemics and deaths worldwide. Their genome, referred to as ancient DNA (aDNA), is isolated from the burial's remains (bones and teeth) of victims of the pandemics caused by these pathogens. The analysis of the genomic features of ancient pathogen genomes allows researchers to understand the evolution of modern microbial strains that can hypothetically generate new pandemics or outbreaks. The analysis of aDNA is carried out by bioinformatic tools and molecular biology techniques to compare ancient pathogens with the modern descendants. The comparison also provides phylogenetic information of these strains.
  • 715
  • 19 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Gastric Cancer in Asia
Gastric cancer (GC) is regarded as one of the most perilous malignancies globally, with over one billion new cases and seven hundred and eighty-three thousand deaths reported in 2020. The incidence of GC is particularly high in Asian countries. Moreover, multiple oncogenic signaling pathways are activated and implicated in gastric carcinogenesis, leading to malignant phenotype acquisition.
  • 714
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Pneumococcal Vaccination Rates
Insufficient vaccination rates against pneumococcal disease are a major problem in primary health care, especially in adult patients. Shared decision-making (SDM) may address major barriers to vaccination.
  • 713
  • 24 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Climate Change Adaptation in Nepal
In 2010, the Government of Nepal approved National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA). NAPA developed as a requirement under the UNFCCC to access funding for the most urgent and immediate adaptation needs from the Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF). In Nepal, NAPA developed with three components: Preparation and dissemination of NAPA documents, development and maintenance of the Nepal Climate Change Knowledge Management Centre (NCCKMC), and development of the Multi-Stakeholder Climate Change Initiative Coordination Committee (MCCICC). In NAPA, nine integrated projects have been identified as the urgent and immediate national adaptation priority. They are: NAPA’s implementation framework envisages that the operating costs will be kept to a minimum and at least 80% of the available financial resources will reach the local level to fund activities on the ground. Stakeholders in Nepal has also started discussing National Adaptation Plans(NAPs), which are medium and long term adaptation plans for the country as decided by UNFCCC.
  • 713
  • 06 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Germ Line Development
The cells that give rise to the gametes are often set aside during embryonic cleavage. During development, these cells will differentiate into primordial germ cells, migrate to the location of the gonad, and form the germ line of the animal.
  • 712
  • 24 Oct 2022
  • Page
  • of
  • 68
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Reprints

>>
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Encyclopedia of Engineering
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Academic Video Service
Feedback