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Topic Review
Neurocognitive Symptoms Due to Respiratory infections
Respiratory infections are among the major public health burdens, especially during winter. Along these lines, the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the principal viral agent causing acute lower respiratory tract infections leading to hospitalization. The pulmonary manifestations due to hRSV infection are bronchiolitis and pneumonia, where the population most affected are infants and the elderly. However, recent evidence suggests that hRSV infection can impact the mother and fetus during pregnancy. Studies have indicated that hRSV can infect different cell types from the placenta and even cross the placenta barrier and infect the fetus. In addition, it is known that infections during the gestational period can lead to severe consequences for the development of the fetus due not only to a direct viral infection but also because of maternal immune activation (MIA). Furthermore, it has been described that the development of the central nervous system (CNS) of the fetus can be affected by the inflammatory environment of the uterus caused by viral infections. Increasing evidence supports the notion that hRSV could invade the CNS and infect nervous cells, such as microglia, neurons, and astrocytes, promoting neuroinflammation. Moreover, it has been described that the hRSV infection can provoke neurological manifestations, including cognitive impairment and behavioral alterations.
  • 750
  • 18 Jan 2022
Biography
Justin M. Andrews
Justin Meredith Andrews (August 28, 1902 – June 29, 1967) was an American public health administrator and parasitologist, specialising in malaria. Andrews was born in Providence, Rhode Island, on August 28, 1902, the son of Clarke Willett Andrews (1872–1907), who worked with the New England Telephone Company, and his wife Annie Frances, née Bliven (b. 1878). The family descended from Joh
  • 748
  • 23 Nov 2022
Biography
Carsten Bresch
Carsten Bresch (born September 5, 1921) was a German physicist, geneticist and professor emeritus at the University of Freiburg (Faculty of Biology). Carsten Bresch was born in Berlin, Germany. He studied physics and in 1947 he was one of the first students of Max Delbrück in postwar Berlin. Since 1949, he worked as an assistant at the reestablished Max-Planck-Institute for Physical Chemistr
  • 748
  • 13 Dec 2022
Biography
Miklos Porkolab
Miklos Porkolab (born March 24, 1939) is a Hungarian-American physicist specializing in plasma physics. He emigrated in 1957 from Hungary to Canada, where he studied at the University of British Columbia (Bachelor, 1963) and then at Stanford University, where he obtained his Master degree in 1964 and his PhD in 1968. He then moved to the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, where he worked as a
  • 748
  • 26 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Computer Atlas of Surface Topology of Proteins
Computer Atlas of Surface Topology of Proteins (CASTp) aims to provide comprehensive and detailed quantitative characterization of topographic features of protein, is now updated to version 3.0. 
  • 747
  • 24 Nov 2022
Biography
Antoine Danchin
Antoine Danchin (born 7 May 1944) is a French geneticist known for his research in several fields of biology, from the structure and function of adenylate cyclase, to modelisation of learning in the nervous system and the early development of genomics and bioinformatics. He is the Chairman of the startup AMAbiotics, specialised in metabolic bioremediation and synthetic biology. He was the direct
  • 747
  • 27 Dec 2022
Biography
Tomáš Cihlář
Tomáš Cihlář (born 1967) is a Czech biochemist known for his role in the development of remdesivir. A specialist in virology, Cihlář holds the positions of Senior Director, Biology, and Vice-President at American pharmaceutical company Gilead Sciences. As a student, Cihlář assisted fellow biochemist Antonín Holý in developing Viread, the primary drug used to fight HIV infection.[1]
  • 747
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Hearing Loss and Its Pathophysiology
Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by damage to sensory hair cells and/or spiral ganglion neurons. In non-mammalian species, hair cell regeneration after damage is observed, even in adulthood. Although the neonatal mammalian cochlea carries regenerative potential, the adult cochlea cannot regenerate lost hair cells. The survival of supporting cells with regenerative potential after cochlear trauma in adults is promising for promoting hair cell regeneration through therapeutic approaches. 
  • 746
  • 05 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Gender,Exercise and Obesity in Elderly
The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity is increasing in older adults and older. Sarcopenic obesity is also related to reduced muscle synthesis, due to low physical activity levels. The purpose of the present study is to investigate possible risk factors, and effects of habitual activity status on different types of obesity in an elderly population. Risk of sarcopenic obesity was diagnosed in the participants with co-existing sarcopenia and obesity resulting in high fat mass concurrent with low lean body mass. Exercise appears to have a protective role against all modes of obesity and thus possibly against obesity-related co-morbidities in the elderly.
  • 743
  • 26 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Vitamin D in Breast Cancer
Vitamin D3, which is well known to maintain calcium homeostasis, plays an important role in various cellular processes. It regulates the proliferation and differentiation of several normal cells, including immune and neoplastic cells, influences the cell cycle, and stimulates cell maturation and apoptosis through a mechanism dependent on the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The involvement of vitamin D3 in breast cancer development has been observed in numerous clinical studies. The effect of vitamin D3 on the development of breast cancer (favorable, ineffective, or even unfavorable) depends on many factors, such as age, menopausal status, or obesity. 
  • 743
  • 11 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Develop a PluriZyme
Protein engineering is the design and modification of protein structures to optimize their functions or create novel functionalities for applications in biotechnology, medicine or industry. It represents an essential scientific solution for many of the environmental and societal challenges ahead of us, such as polymer degradation. Unlike traditional chemical methods, enzyme-mediated degradation is selective and environmentally friendly and requires milder conditions. Computational methods will play a critical role in developing such solutions by enabling more efficient bioprospecting of natural polymer-degrading enzymes. 
  • 741
  • 12 Jan 2024
Biography
Jordi Casals I Ariet
Jordi Casals i Ariet (born 15 May 1911, Viladrau, Osona, Spain; died 10 February 2004) was a Catalan physician and epidemiologist.[1][2] One of Casals' major legacies is his work on viral taxonomy, especially for insect-borne viruses. Another is significant improvements in safety in the handling of dangerous pathogens in laboratory settings, relating to an incident in 1969 at Yale where Casals
  • 739
  • 12 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Macropore Formation and Current Facilitation in P2X7
Macropore formation and current facilitation are intriguing phenomena associated with ATP-gated P2X7 receptors (P2X7). Macropores are large pores formed in the cell membrane that allow the passage of large molecules. The precise mechanisms underlying macropore formation remain poorly understood, but recent evidence suggests two alternative pathways: a direct entry through the P2X7 pore itself, and an indirect pathway triggered by P2X7 activation involving additional proteins, such as TMEM16F channel/scramblase. On the other hand, current facilitation refers to the progressive increase in current amplitude and activation kinetics observed with prolonged or repetitive exposure to ATP. Various mechanisms, including the activation of chloride channels and intrinsic properties of P2X7, have been proposed to explain this phenomenon.
  • 739
  • 12 Jul 2023
Topic Review
MiRNA-Based Therapies in NHL
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a very heterogenous group of lymphoid malignancies originating from different stages of B-cell (~90% of the cases) and T-cell or NK-cell differentiation. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the functional roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in lymphoma onset and progression, either by acting as tumor-promoting ncRNAs or as tumor suppressors, emphasizing their appeal as lymphoma therapeutics. In fact, their intrinsic ability to modulate multiple dysregulated genes and/or signaling pathways makes them an attractive therapeutic approach for a multifactorial pathology like lymphoma.
  • 738
  • 24 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Radmilovac
Radmilovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Радмиловац) is a suburban settlement of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia, and an experimental farm of the University of Belgrade's Faculty of Agriculture. It is located in the Belgrade municipality of Grocka. It is also known for the hotel of the same name.
  • 736
  • 02 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Natural Ingredients from Trás-os-Montes Region
The natural cosmetics market has grown since consumers became aware of the concept of natural-based ingredients. A significant number of cosmetics have an ecological impact on the environment and carry noxious and chemically potent substances. Thus, the use of natural and organic cosmetics becomes increasingly important since it is clear that topical treatment withcosmeceuticals can help improve skin rejuvenation. A substantial investigation into the benefits that fruits and plants can bring to health is required. Studies have shown that antigenotoxic properties are linked to anti-aging properties. Several studies have shown potential antigenotoxicity in natural ingredients such as Almonds (Prunus dulcis), Elderberry (Sambucus nigra), Olives (Olea europaea), and Grapes (Vitis vinifera). This review presents an overview of research conducted on these natural ingredients, the most common in the Northeast of Portugal. This region of Portugal possesses the most organic farmers, and ingredients are easily obtained. The Northeast of Portugal also has climatic, topographic, and pedological differences that contribute to agricultural diversity.
  • 735
  • 24 Sep 2021
Biography
Friedhelm Hengsbach
Friedhelm Hengsbach is a professor emeritus for Christian social ethics. He was also director of the Oswald von Nell-Breuning Institute for Economic and Social Ethical Studies of the Jesuit Sankt Georgen Graduate School of Philosophy and Theology in Frankfurt. Friedhelm Hengsbach was born in Dortmund in 1937. After attending grammar school and passing his A-levels he joined the Society of Jes
  • 733
  • 12 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Nanoparticles in Brief
Nanoparticles, materials at the nanoscale, have revolutionized various fields. Their unique properties, ranging from size-dependent characteristics to high reactivity, have enabled diverse applications in medicine, electronics, materials science, and environmental protection. This review explores the world of nanoparticles, encompassing their properties, synthesis methods, and applications, underscoring their significance across industries. Additionally, it addresses the challenges associated with nanoparticles, such as toxicity and environmental concerns, emphasizing the need for responsible utilization. The world of nanoparticles promises innovation and solutions but requires cautious exploration to maximize benefits while minimizing risks.
  • 733
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Neurological Research Into Dyslexia
Dyslexia is defined by the difficulty in an individual's ability to read given adequate intelligence and normal opportunities. While such a distinction provides a useful advantage to clinicians and diagnosticians alike, it does not carry implications that are of practical significance to scientist and researchers so as to facilitate further development of interventions that would allow dyslexics to learn as normal individuals. Current neurological research has uncovered clear evidence of biophysical and structural anomalies in individuals who are affected by the disorder. FMRI and behavioral experiments have generated significant results so as to suggest the disorder be viewed as having neurological causes.
  • 733
  • 11 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Ehud Shapiro
Ehud Shapiro (Hebrew: אהוד שפירא‎; born 1955) is a multi-disciplinary scientist, artist, entrepreneur and a Professor of Computer Science and Biology at the Weizmann Institute of Science. With international reputation, he made fundamental contributions to many scientific disciplines. Ehud was also an Internet pioneer, a successful Internet entrepreneur, and a pioneer and proponent of E-democracy. Ehud is the founder of the Ba Rock Band and conceived its original artistic program. He is a winner of two ERC (European Research Council) Advanced Grants.
  • 730
  • 21 Oct 2022
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