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Topic Review
Image Matting and Semi-Supervised Learning
Image matting refers to precisely estimating the foreground opacity mattes from a given image. It is a necessary task in the computer vision field and has a broad set of applications in image or video editing. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) utilizes unlabeled data to improve feature representation given limited labeled data. Two main branches of methods have been proposed, consistency regularization and pseudo-labeling.
  • 628
  • 15 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Image-Based Fault Monitoring in Additive Manufacturing
Fault monitoring in additive manufacturing (AM) refers to the systematic process of monitoring and detecting deviations, anomalies, or faults during printing to ensure the printed parts’ quality, integrity, and reliability. It involves continuously monitoring the AM process’s critical parameters, variables, or characteristics and comparing them against predetermined thresholds or expected values. The goal is to identify and address any faults or anomalies that may compromise the final part’s quality or performance. It involves using various techniques, such as in-process monitoring, real-time data analysis, and automated systems, to identify faults or deviations from desired specifications. By monitoring parameters such as temperature, pressure, laser power, material flow, layer deposition, or surface quality, fault monitoring allows for the early detection of defects, material inconsistencies, structural irregularities, or printing errors.
  • 627
  • 14 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Software Agent Platforms Available in 2023
Agent systems provide a bottom-up approach to addressing complex tasks. Agents also provide a means of modeling and simulating phenomena that are difficult to model and understand via standard analytical methods. Although the main applications of agent systems pertain to computer science and are often related to artificial intelligence, there are increasingly numerous uses of agents in areas such as the life sciences, ecological sciences, and social sciences. In response to these interests, numerous platforms have been developed as general or application-focused tools. Over time, the field of agent platforms has evolved, with new platforms being developed and others being abandoned.
  • 627
  • 25 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Federated Learning for Clinical Event Classification
A novel approach to clinical event classification in healthcare using federated learning (FL) and cross-device ensemble models based on vital signs data from the MIMIC-IV dataset was presented. The FL structure allows training directly on each client's device, ensuring patient privacy. The proposed method achieves an impressive accuracy of 98.9%, highlighting the significant potential of FL and ensemble technology in handling sensitive patient data for healthcare applications.
  • 627
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Epileptic Disorder Detection of Seizures Using Encephalography Signals
Epilepsy is a nervous system disorder. Encephalography (EEG) is a generally utilized clinical approach for recording electrical activity in the brain. Although there are a number of datasets available, most of them are imbalanced due to the presence of fewer epileptic EEG signals compared with non-epileptic EEG signals.
  • 627
  • 23 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Blockchain and Machine Learning
Blockchain is the foundation of all cryptocurrencies, while machine learning (ML) is one of the most popular technologies with a wide range of possibilities. Blockchain may be improved and made more effective by using ML.
  • 626
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Metaverse and AI for Internet of City Things
The Metaverse represents an always-on 3D network of virtual spaces, designed to facilitate social interaction, learning, collaboration, and a wide range of activities. This emerging computing platform originates from the dynamic convergence of Extended Reality (XR), Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT), and platform-mediated everyday life experiences in smart cities. However, the research community faces a pressing challenge in addressing the limitations posed by the resource constraints associated with XR-enabled IoT applications within the Internet of City Things (IoCT). Additionally, there is a limited understanding of the synergies between XR and AIoT technologies in the Metaverse and their implications for IoT applications within this framework. 
  • 626
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Green Artificial Intelligence and Digitalization Facilitate
Green AI (Artificial Intelligence) and digitalization facilitate the “Dual-Carbon” goal of low-carbon, high-quality economic development. Green AI is moving from “cloud” to “edge” devices like TinyML, which supports devices from cameras to wearables, offering low-power IoT computing. 
  • 626
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Arabic Mispronunciation Recognition System Using LSTM Network
The widespread use of CALL (computer-assisted language learning) systems attests to their success in helping people improve their language and speech skills. CALL is predominantly concerned with addressing pronunciation errors in non-native speakers’ speech. Accurate mispronunciation detection, voice recognition, and accurate pronunciation evaluation are all activities that may be accomplished with CALL.
  • 625
  • 05 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Intelligent Techniques Supply Chain Risk Prediction Systems
The term “supply chain” (SC) refers to the network of interconnected human, mechanical, activity, resource, and technical nodes involved in the creation and distribution of a product. It includes everything from the initial supply of raw materials or partially completed goods to the producer to the final delivery of the service or commodities to the final consumer or client. To ensure a continued supply of goods and resources, competent management of supply chain activities is required. Natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic, have significantly affected the usual flow of products and commodities, including necessities such as personal protective equipment (PPE), medical facial masks, ventilation supplies, and ventilatory assistance. Such circumstances may impair the smooth passage of commodities between divisions. As a result, it is obvious that acquiring this expertise will aid in dealing with these challenges.
  • 623
  • 10 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Ransomware Attack Detection
Several malware variants have attacked systems and data over time. Ransomware is among the most harmful malware since it causes huge losses. In order to get a ransom, ransomware is software that locks the victim’s machine or encrypts his personal information. Numerous research has been conducted to stop and quickly recognize ransomware attacks.
  • 623
  • 29 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Keystroke Dynamics as a Language Profiling Tool
Understanding the distinct characteristics of unidentified Internet users is helpful in various contexts, including digital forensics, targeted advertising, and user interaction with services and systems. Keystroke dynamics (KD) enables the analysis of data derived from a user’s typing behaviour on a keyboard as one approach to obtain such information. 
  • 622
  • 20 Oct 2023
Topic Review
IoT-Enabled Urban Intelligent Transportation Systems
The exponential growth of the Internet of Things has precipitated a revolution in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), notably in urban environments. An ITS leverages advancements in communication technologies and data analytics to enhance the efficiency and intelligence of transport networks. At the same time, these IoT-enabled ITSs generate a vast array of complex data classified as Big Data.
  • 622
  • 09 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Dynamic Distributed Intelligence Architecture for Human Activity Recognition
A wide range of applications, including sports and healthcare, use human activity recognition (HAR). The Internet of Things (IoT), using cloud systems, offers enormous resources but produces high delays and huge amounts of traffic. Researchers propose a distributed intelligence and dynamic HAR architecture using smart IoT devices, edge devices, and cloud computing. These systems were used to train models, store results, and process real-time predictions. Wearable sensors and smartphones were deployed on the human body to detect activities from three positions; accelerometer and gyroscope parameters were utilized to recognize activities. A dynamic selection of models was used, depending on the availability of the data and the mobility of the users.
  • 621
  • 12 Jan 2024
Topic Review
The Evolutionary Computation Models of Air Pollution
Air pollution is a pressing concern in urban areas, necessitating the critical monitoring of air quality to understand its implications for public health. Internet of Things (IoT) devices are widely utilized in air pollution monitoring due to their sensor capabilities and seamless data transmission over the Internet. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning techniques play a crucial role in classifying patterns derived from sensor data. Environmental stations offer a multitude of parameters that can be obtained to uncover hidden patterns showcasing the impact of pollution on the surrounding environment.
  • 618
  • 24 Jul 2023
Topic Review
AutoML with Bayesian Optimizations for Big Data Management
The field of automated machine learning (AutoML) has gained significant attention in recent years due to its ability to automate the process of building and optimizing machine learning models.
  • 618
  • 03 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence and Photovoltaic Fault
The global transition to sustainable energy has positioned photovoltaic (PV) systems at the top of renewable energy solutions. Photovoltaic (PV) fault detection is crucial because undetected PV faults can lead to significant energy losses, with some cases experiencing losses of up to 10%. The efficiency of PV systems depends upon the reliable detection and diagnosis of faults. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques has been a growing trend in addressing these issues. 
  • 618
  • 20 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Enhanced Genetic Method for Optimizing Multiple Sequence Alignment
In the realm of bioinformatics, Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) is a pivotal technique used to optimize the alignment of multiple biological sequences, guided by specific scoring criteria. Existing approaches addressing the MSA challenge tend to specialize in distinct biological features, leading to variability in alignment outcomes for the same set of sequences.
  • 618
  • 26 Dec 2023
Topic Review
ML Techniques for Intrusion Detection in Cyber-Physical Systems
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are vital to key infrastructures such as Smart Grids and water treatment, and are increasingly vulnerable to a broad spectrum of evolving attacks. Whereas traditional security mechanisms, such as encryption and firewalls, are often inadequate for CPS architectures, the implementation of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) tailored for CPS has become an essential strategy for securing them. In this context, it is worth noting the difference between traditional offline Machine Learning (ML) techniques and understanding how they perform under different IDS applications. 
  • 617
  • 06 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Automatic DoS/DDoS Attacks Detection in Software-Defined Networks
Software-defined networks (SDNs) are becoming increasingly popular due to their centralized control and flexibility, but this also makes them a target for cyberattacks. Detecting DoS/DDoS attacks in SDNs is a challenging task due to the complex nature of the network traffic.
  • 615
  • 08 Jan 2024
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