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Topic Review
Carotenoids in Planta
Carotenoids are important natural pigments found in all plants and some bacteria, algae and fungiand constitute one of the largest families of natural products, with more than 750 distinct compounds classified to date. Carotenoids have also been shown to have a significant impact on a number of human diseases, improving the survival rates of some cancers and slowing the progression of neurological illnesses.
  • 1.3K
  • 02 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Heat Stress on Meat Quality Status
Heat stress is one of the most stressful events in livestock life, negatively impacting animal health, productivity, and product quality. 
  • 1.3K
  • 08 May 2023
Topic Review
Dairy Sheep Milk Genes
The dairy sheep industry is an important but lacking part of the small ruminant industry. For a sheep breeding program, in addition to wool and meat use, sheep milk can also be processed into high-end dairy products such as cheese and milk powder and bring high economic interests for businesses home and abroad. The nutritional value of sheep milk is found higher than that of goat milk and cow milk, with abundant fat yield, protein percentage, and mineral contents, which provide a good opportunity for the development of the sheep milk industry. 
  • 1.3K
  • 28 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Marine Otter
The Marine Otter, also known as Lontra felina, is a charismatic marine mammal native to the coastal regions of South America, particularly Chile and Peru. Renowned for its playful behavior and sleek appearance, the Marine Otter boasts a dense, waterproof fur coat and webbed feet, enabling it to thrive in its coastal habitat. Despite its small size and elusive nature, the Marine Otter plays a vital role in coastal ecosystems as a top predator, primarily feeding on fish, crustaceans, and mollusks.
  • 1.3K
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Plant–Nanoparticle Interactions
The relationship between plants and nanoparticles (NPs) has been the subject of extensive research interest. Nanoparticles and their interactive effects on plants have raised concern regarding their harmful aspects. There are complex mechanisms evolved in plants for controlling the uptake, accumulation, and mobilization of nanoparticles that need to be discussed further, especially in the context of proteomics and genetic level.
  • 1.3K
  • 16 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Machine Vision Techniques in Agriculture
Introducing machine vision-based automation to the agricultural sector is essential to meet the food demand of a rapidly growing population. Furthermore, extensive labor and time are required in agriculture; hence, agriculture automation is a major concern and an emerging subject. Machine vision-based automation can improve productivity and quality by reducing errors and adding flexibility to the work process. Primarily, machine vision technology has been used to develop crop production systems by detecting stresses and diseases more efficiently.
  • 1.3K
  • 06 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Flat-headed Cat
The Flat-headed Cat (Prionailurus planiceps) is a small and elusive felid species native to the wetlands of Southeast Asia, particularly found in countries like Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. Its unique name is derived from its distinctive flattened head shape, which aids in navigating through dense vegetation and hunting aquatic prey. Despite its secretive nature, the Flat-headed Cat is classified as endangered due to habitat loss, pollution, and hunting, highlighting the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect this rare and elusive feline species.
  • 1.3K
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Ketosis Diagnosis/Monitoring in Dairy Cows
Ketosis is a major issue in high-producing cows, easily reaching a prevalence of 20% during early postpartum when the negative energy balance is well established.
  • 1.3K
  • 21 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Canadian Lynx
The Canadian Lynx (Lynx canadensis) is a medium-sized wildcat species native to North America, predominantly found in boreal forests and mountainous regions. Recognizable for its distinctive tufted ears, thick fur coat, and short tail, this elusive carnivore is well-adapted to cold climates and dense forest habitats. Known for its stealthy hunting prowess and preference for snowshoe hares, the Canadian Lynx plays a vital role in regulating prey populations and maintaining ecosystem balance in its range.
  • 1.3K
  • 28 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Degradation Path of Deltamethrin
One of the most frequently and widely used pyrethroids is deltamethrin, often employed for the control of household insect pests. The presence of three chiral centers translates into eight possible different stereoisomers, with only one of them having insecticidal activity. Active deltamethrin (a-DLM) has an S configuration at the α−benzyl carbon and a 1-R-cis configuration at the cyclopropane ring.
  • 1.3K
  • 25 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Brown Bear
The Brown Bear (Ursus arctos), a formidable and iconic member of the Ursidae family, is one of the most widespread bear species, exhibiting a remarkable adaptability to diverse habitats across the Northern Hemisphere. Renowned for its distinctive hump on the shoulders, powerful build, and a range of fur colors from light brown to nearly black, the Brown Bear is a symbol of strength and resilience in the wild. This large carnivore plays a crucial role in shaping ecosystems, influencing prey populations, and contributing to the overall biodiversity of its habitats.
  • 1.3K
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Malagasy Civet
The Malagasy Civet (Fossa fossana) is a unique carnivore endemic to the island of Madagascar, characterized by its slender body, short legs, and distinctive facial markings. Despite its name, the Malagasy Civet is not closely related to true civets and belongs to its own taxonomic family, Eupleridae. This elusive nocturnal mammal inhabits a variety of forested habitats across Madagascar, where it plays a vital role in controlling insect populations and contributing to ecosystem dynamics.
  • 1.3K
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Essential Oils in Control of Ticks
Ticks are forced bloodsucker ectoparasites belonging to the Order Ixodida, which comprises three families: Ixodidae (hard ticks, 720 species), Argasidae (soft ticks, 186 species), and Nuttalliellidae (1 species). Tick control is a priority in order to prevent the transmission of vector-borne diseases. The essential oil’s acaricidal activity is due to the variability of its chemical composition and the relationship between these compounds. Moreover, given their low toxicities and their solubility in water these compounds can contribute to the production of milk and animal meat free from dangerous chemicals which are harmful to humans, animals, and the environment.
  • 1.3K
  • 11 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Phosphorus Fertilizers
Phosphorus fertilizers from sewage sludge ash are fertilizers the raw material of which is waste of municipal origin, i.e. sewage sludge ash (SSA). SSA is the by-product produced during the combustion of dewatered sewage sludge in an incinerator and P-rich secondary raw material. The P content in dry matter of SSA ranges from less than 10% to less than 20%. Phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms can be added to SSA-fertilizers to enhance P compounds availability. SSA-fertilizers have a potential to substitute or supplement commercial P fertilizers in times of non-renewable raw material shortage. Their yield-enhancing efficiency of SSA-fertilizers is promising, yet long-term field research concerning the impact on environment are necessary.  
  • 1.3K
  • 30 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification
The recent progress of molecular diagnostics has allowed the generation of different sophisticated tools, like loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). This technique has become a well-established in different fields, including medicine, agriculture, and food industry, due to its high specificity, analytical sensitivity, technical simplicity, short analysis time, and low cost. LAMP involves isothermal amplification of target DNA and is highly accordant with point-of-care analysis. It has great potential to improve plant protection diagnostics, especially for in field analyses, detection of plant quarantine pathogens or virus pathogens in early infection stages. In this review, the authors provide detailed overview of the LAMP, describing in particular evolution of the technique, design and main features of the primer set, different visualization methods of LAMP results, its evolution and use in different fields, reporting in detail LAMP application in plant virology, and the main advantages of this technique.
  • 1.3K
  • 28 Oct 2020
Topic Review
GPCRs in Insects
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) play important roles in cell biology and insects’ physiological processes, toxicological response and the development of insecticide resistance. New information on genome sequences, proteomic and transcriptome analysis and expression patterns of GPCRs in organs such as the central nervous system in different organisms has shown the importance of these signaling regulatory GPCRs and their impact on vital cell functions. Our growing understanding of the role played by GPCRs at the cellular, genome, transcriptome and tissue levels is now being utilized to develop new targets that will sidestep many of the problems currently hindering human disease control and insect pest management.
  • 1.3K
  • 02 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Complementary Cover Crop Mixture
Building a complementary cover crop mixture is a continuous process. An emerging concept is the importance of selecting cover crop species with functional complementarity rather than simply increasing the number of species. Based on this concept, selection of species in multi-mixes is based on different criteria: grower objectives/primary purpose of planting the cover crop, crop rotation and cropping system compatibility, above and belowground compatibility, complementarity of different ecosystem functions, compatibility with the growing environment, duration for cover crop growth, termination option(s) available, input/labour costs, planting equipment required, persistence/weediness, and potential net economic returns. Here, we propose a step-wise procedure to develop effective multi-species mixtures. The number of species and their ratio in the mixtures will depend on objective criteria, and hence long-term research is required to assess different species compositions and their impacts.
  • 1.3K
  • 27 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Pregnancy Diagnosis in Dairy Cows
The PL represents a considerable biological and economic waste for the farmer, therefore, the objective of the present review is to discuss recent methods suitable for diagnosing early pregnancy and pregnancy losses in dairy cattle.
  • 1.2K
  • 01 Sep 2021
Topic Review Video
Successful Experiences from Global Spread of Conservation Agriculture
Since 2008/2009, Conservation Agriculture (CA) cropland area has been expanding globally at an annual rate of more than 10 M ha per year. In 2015/2016, the total CA cropland area was 180.4 M ha, corresponding to 12.5% of global cropland area. In 2018/2019, the total cropland area was 205.4 M ha, corresponding to 14.7% of global cropland area. The spread of CA has been expanding in Asia, Africa, and Europe in recent years because farmers are becoming better organized in working together and networking. More attention and resources are being allocated by stakeholders towards supporting farmers to adopt CA and in generating new knowledge to improve their performance.
  • 1.2K
  • 11 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Thoroughbred Racing Industry
The Thoroughbred racing industry faces new and competing pressures to operate within a modern, changing society. Three major moderators drive the focus and productivity of the industry worldwide: economic sustainability, horse biology and social licence to operate.
  • 1.2K
  • 16 Feb 2023
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