Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Most Viewed Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Filter:
All Topic Review Biography Peer Reviewed Entry Video Entry
Topic Review
Taxonomy of Machine Learning Methods for Urban Applications
Machine Learning (ML) as an intersection of informatics and statistics is a promising challenge for more evidence-based decisions to fill in the gap of existing technological tools and instruments for spatiotemporal requirements. As ML transcended the conventional techniques of modeling, a huge potential of big data management to address complex city problems is presented at the crossroads of modern urban planning challenges to make up their dynamics. Generally speaking, the ML methods are categorized based on the type of ‘learning’.
  • 483
  • 10 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Single-Image Super-Resolution Neural Network
Single-image super-resolution (SISR) seeks to reconstruct a high-resolution image with the high-frequency information (meaning the details) restored from its low-resolution counterpart.
  • 481
  • 01 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Types of Dimension Reduction Techniques
Hybridization is the most widely used modification technique for the dimension reduction problem. There are three types of hybridization: integrating a nature-inspired algorithm with another nature-inspired algorithm, integrating a nature-inspired algorithm with a classifier, and integrating a nature-inspired algorithm with filter or extraction techniques.
  • 481
  • 17 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Exploration of Generative Artificial Intelligence
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) has brought revolutionary changes to the world, enabling businesses to create new experiences by combining virtual and physical worlds. As the use of GAI grows along with the Metaverse, it is explored by academics, researchers, and industry communities for its endless possibilities.
  • 480
  • 23 Mar 2023
Topic Review
From Simultaneous Localization and Mapping to Situational Awareness
Situational Awareness (SA) is a fundamental capability of humans that has been deeply studied in various fields, such as psychology, military, aerospace, and education. Nevertheless, it has yet to be considered in robotics, which has focused on single compartmentalized concepts such as sensing, spatial perception, sensor fusion, state estimation, and Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM).
  • 479
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Assistive Technology for Dementia People
There has been a significant increase in the number of people diagnosed with dementia (PLWD). With diminishing public health and social care resources, there is substantial need for assistive technology-based devices that support independent living. The term assistive technology (AT) is used to describe electronic devices that can be used to support PLWD’s lifestyles. These devices can improve the living standards of PLWD, encourage independence, and may decrease hospital admission rates. Furthermore, assistive technology can reduce the stress of caring for PLWD. AT devices that support remote assistance of PLWD can play a vital role in mitigating loneliness and stress caused by pandemics, reducing the need for home visits and hospitalization, thus reducing the costs associated with caregiver services. Reducing the risks of virus transmission within care homes are also a major consideration.
  • 478
  • 30 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Multi-Method Diagnosis of CT Images
Intracranial hemorrhaging is considered a type of disease that affects the brain and is very dangerous, with high-mortality cases if there is no rapid diagnosis and prompt treatment. CT images are one of the most important methods of diagnosing intracranial hemorrhages. CT images contain huge amounts of information, requiring a lot of experience and taking a long time for proper analysis and diagnosis. Thus, artificial intelligence techniques provide an automatic mechanism for evaluating CT images to make a diagnosis with high accuracy and help radiologists make their diagnostic decisions.
  • 478
  • 30 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Weakly Supervised Object Detection for Remote Sensing Images
To account for the lack of fine-grained annotations, such as object bounding boxes, several object detection methods have been developed that leverage only coarse-grain annotations (especially image-level labels indicating only the presence or absence of an object). This approach is called inexact Weak Supervision and introduces a new branch of Object Detection called Weakly Supervised Object Detection. Given an image, Remote Sensing Fully Supervised Object Detection (RSFSOD) aims to locate and classify objects based on Bounding Boxes annotations. Differently from RSFSOD, Remote Sensing Weakly Supervised Object Detection aims to precisely locate and classify object instances in Remote Sensing Images using only image-level labels or other types of coarse-grained labels (e.g., points or scribbles) as ground truth. 
  • 478
  • 24 Nov 2022
Biography
Obinna Johnphill
Obinna Johnphill is a remarkable individual, a married man, and a devoted father of two. His journey in computer science has been one of dedication and continuous pursuit of knowledge. He laid the foundation for his academic career by earning a Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Software Development in 2014 from the University of Wolverhampton. Building on his passion for computer science, he further
  • 478
  • 26 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Deep Learning Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence and Clustering
Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is a field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that seeks to offer insights into black-box models and their predictions. Trust, performance, legal (regulation), and ethical considerations are some reasons researchers advocate for XAI.
  • 477
  • 23 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Pattern Tracking Problem
A pattern is a collection of objects that are similar to each other, arranged in a way that is in contradiction of their natural arrangement. It can also be defined as the opposite of chaos, an entity, loosely defined, which one can assign a specific name. For pattern tracking, tracked objects are usually called patterns. Objects can be defined as something of interest for future analysis. For example, in images, tracking boats at sea, vehicles on the road, aircraft in the air, and people walking on the street can be considered monitoring for a certain purpose and thus tracking.
  • 476
  • 11 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Autonomous Vehicles and Distributed Resources on Logistic Systems
The autonomous vehicle (AV) is one of the emerging technologies of the new age that has the potential to restructure transportation infrastructure. AVs are able to sense their surroundings and move around with control and self-sufficiency. AVs can contribute towards reducing traffic congestion on the roads, improving the quality of life, and achieving the highest levels of traffic safety. Thus, this type of vehicle can be integrated into the logistics industry. Due to the presence of several AVs, selecting a standard and efficient AV for logistics planning is a great challenge. The selection of an AV depends on many conflicting and essential criteria. 
  • 476
  • 31 Aug 2023
Topic Review
The Robustness of Machine Learning in Network Security
Utilizing machine learning (ML) based methodologies for Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs) engenders valid concerns, primarily stemming from the inherent vulnerabilities of current ML models to various security threats.
  • 476
  • 08 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Decision Support Systems in Forestry and Tree-Planting Practices
Using deep neural networks (DNNs), a decision support system (DSS) can be trained to learn from a large dataset of tree data, including information about tree species, climate, soil conditions, and other factors that influence tree growth and survival. This is because the use of neural networks was proposed three decades ago to solve forest management problems by integrating forest knowledge with artificial intelligence (AI). AI greatly benefits sustainability and the preservation of ecosystem values, as increasing disruptions in a changing world can only be managed beyond human intelligence. Furthermore, despite the various DSSs and AI systems used, the appointment of appropriate project managers is crucial to the execution and subsequent success of a project.
  • 475
  • 04 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Healthcare Sustainability: Hospitalization Rate Forecasting
Monitoring and forecasting hospitalization rates are of essential significance to public health systems in understanding and managing overall healthcare deliveries and strategizing long-term sustainability. Early-stage prediction of hospitalization rates is crucial to meet the medical needs of numerous patients during emerging epidemic diseases such as COVID-19. Nevertheless, this is a challenging task due to insufficient data and experience. In addition, relevant existing work neglects or fails to exploit the extensive contribution of external factors such as news, policies, and geolocations. Herein, researchers demonstrate the significant relationship between hospitalization rates and COVID-19 infection cases. A transfer learning architecture with dynamic location-aware sentiment and semantic analysis (TLSS) is adapted to a new application scenario: hospitalization rate prediction during COVID-19. This architecture learns and transfers general transmission patterns of existing epidemic diseases to predict hospitalization rates during COVID-19. Researchers combine the learned knowledge with time series features and news sentiment and semantic features in a dynamic propagation process. Extensive experiments are conducted to compare the proposed approach with several state-of-the-art machine learning methods with different lead times of ground truth. The results show that TLSS exhibits outstanding predictive performance for hospitalization rates. Thus, it provides advanced artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for supporting decision-making in healthcare sustainability.
  • 474
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Machine-Learning-Based Chemoinformatics
In modern drug discovery, the combination of chemoinformatics and quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) modeling has emerged as a formidable alliance, enabling researchers to harness the vast potential of machine learning (ML) techniques for predictive molecular design and analysis.
  • 474
  • 18 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Autism with Optimized Machine Learning Models
Early diagnosis of autism is extremely beneficial for patients. Traditional diagnosis approaches have been unable to diagnose autism in a fast and accurate way; rather, there are multiple factors that can be related to identifying the autism disorder. The gene expression (GE) of individuals may be one of these factors, in addition to personal and behavioral characteristics (PBC). Machine learning (ML) based on PBC and GE data analytics emphasizes the need to develop accurate prediction models. The quality of prediction relies on the accuracy of the ML model. To improve the accuracy of prediction, optimized feature selection algorithms are applied to solve the high dimensionality problem of the datasets used. Comparing different optimized feature selection methods using bio-inspired algorithms over different types of data can allow for the most accurate model to be identified. 
  • 473
  • 05 May 2022
Topic Review
ChatGPT in Teaching Practice
The emergence of new tools, especially those based on AI, raises concerns that technology may replace the teacher in the classroom. ChatGPT can support and automate the activities of educators, but their role as mentors who provide guidance and more profound assessment of learner abilities and role models cannot be entirely replaced by technology. ChatGPT, a generative artificial intelligence (GAI) representative, can create quizzes and assignments that are automatically checked and graded, generate feedback, and provide personalized learning content depending on the learners’ results.
  • 473
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Artificial Intelligence
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has a global prevalence of around 4.1% and is associated with a low quality of life and increased healthcare costs. Current guidelines recommend that IBS is diagnosed using the symptom-based Rome IV criteria. Despite this, when patients seek medical attention, they are usually over-investigated. This issue might be resolved by novel technologies in medicine, such as the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). 
  • 473
  • 07 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Park Supplementary Review System
When planning a travel or an adventure, sightseers increasingly rely on opinions posted on the Internet tourism related websites, such as TripAdvisor, Booking.com or Expedia. Unfortunately, beautiful, yet less-known places and rarely visited sightspots often do not accumulate sufficient number of valuable opinions on such websites. An approach is developed  consisting of a system (PSRS) for wildlife sightspots and propose a method for verifying collected geotagged tweets and using them as on-spot reviews. 
  • 472
  • 07 Mar 2022
  • Page
  • of
  • 58
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
ScholarVision Creations
Feedback