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Topic Review
Wines Aging
Wine is perhaps the most ancient and popular alcoholic beverage worldwide. Winemaking practices involve careful vineyard management alongside controlled alcoholic fermentation and potential aging of the wine in barrels.
  • 1.2K
  • 02 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Bioactive Compounds of Persimmon Leaves
Traditionally, persimmon leaves (PL) are used as a functional tea in Asian culture to cure different ailments, and are also incorporated into various food and cosmeceutical products as a functional ingredient. PL mainly contain flavonoids, terpenoids, and polysaccharides, along with other constituents such as carotenoids, organic acids, chlorophylls, vitamin C, and minerals. The major phenolic compounds in PL are proanthocyanidins, quercetin, isoquercetin, catechin, flavonol glucosides, and kaempferol. Meanwhile, ursolic acid, rotungenic acid, barbinervic acid, and uvaol are the principal terpenoids. These compounds demonstrate a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-tyrosinase, antiallergic, and antiglaucoma properties. PL contain a high amount of flavonoids (e.g., astragalin, hyperin, isoquercitrin, kaempferol, and quercetin) and terpenoids along with other compounds, including chlorophylls, carotenes, kryptoxanthin, cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignins. These compounds exhibit potential antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, antiallergic, and antimicrobial effects. 
  • 1.2K
  • 14 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Synergistic Hypolipidemic Effects and Mechanisms of Phytochemicals
Hyperlipidemia, a chronic disorder of abnormal lipid metabolism, can induce obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. Increasing evidence indicates that phytochemicals may serve as a promising strategy for the prevention and management of hyperlipidemia and its complications. At the same time, the concept of synergistic hypolipidemic and its application in the food industry is rapidly increasing as a practical approach to preserve and improve the health-promoting effects of functional ingredients. Due to the complexity of the lipid metabolism regulatory network, the synergistic regulation of different metabolic pathways or targets may be more effective than single pathways or targets in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
  • 1.2K
  • 23 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Health-Promoting Benefits of Vegetable Oils
Vegetable oil is an indispensable ingredient in the human daily life diet, not only due to its sensory attributes when used as a cooking medium, but also as an supply energy to maintain body normal temperature. Vegetable oils (VOs) provide essential fatty acids (EFAs) which serve as carriers for liposoluble vitamins, act as precursors for steroid hormones and prostaglandins synthesis, and play a significant role in health protection and disease prevention.
  • 1.2K
  • 06 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Fundamentals of Covalent Organic Frameworks Based Electrochemical Sensors
The international community has been paying close attention to the issue of food safety as a matter of public health. The presence of a wide range of contaminants in food poses a significant threat to human health, making it vital to develop detection methods for monitoring these chemical contaminants. Electrochemical sensors using emerging materials have been widely employed to detect food-derived contaminants. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have the potential for extensive applications due to their unique structure, high surface area, and tunable pore sizes.
  • 1.2K
  • 02 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Potential of the Aleurone Layer in Bread-Based Products
The wheat aleurone layer is the main bran fraction. It is a source of nutritionally valuable compounds, such as dietary fibres, proteins, minerals and vitamins, that may exhibit health benefits. 
  • 1.2K
  • 30 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Biomedical Effects of Cinnamon
Cinnamon, appreciated for centuries for its peculiar flavor and aroma, is the dried brown colored inner bark of an evergreen tree of the laurel family. Cinnamon is used by people all over the world for cooking (spice and flavoring agent), in perfumes industry , and  in medicinal products.
  • 1.2K
  • 03 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Polyphenols in Renal Pathophysiology
Kidney diseases constitute a worldwide public health problem, contributing to morbidity and mortality. An overview of the published data regarding the potential beneficial effects of polyphenols on major kidney diseases, namely acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, renal cancer, and drug-induced nephrotoxicity.The biological effects of polyphenols can be highly attributed to the modulation of specific signaling cascades including those involved in oxidative stress responses, anti-inflammation processes, and apoptosis. There is increasing evidence that polyphenols afford great potential in renal disease protection. However, this evidence (especially when in vitro studies are involved) should be considered with caution before its clinical translation, particularly due to the unfavorable pharmacokinetics and extensive metabolization that polyphenols undergo in the human body. Future research should consider polyphenols and their metabolites that indeed reach kidney tissues.
  • 1.2K
  • 22 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Packaging Innovations of Meat and Meat Products
In edible packaging, the application of natural and renewable biopolymers is gaining popularity as, unlike petroleum-based plastic packaging materials, they do not cause environmental problems. Packaging using active compounds further extends the shelf life of food products compared with traditional packaging by reducing the adverse effects during storage, such as oxidation, microbial growth, and moisture loss. On the other hand, the inclusion of natural bioactive substances in packaging provides an opportunity to increase the shelf life of food products and/or decrease the use of preservatives.
  • 1.2K
  • 10 Feb 2023
Topic Review
3D Food Printing Applications and Dysphagia
Dysphagia is a condition in which the swallowing mechanism is impaired. It is most often a result of a stroke. Dysphagia has serious consequences, including choking and aspiration pneumonia, which can both be fatal. The population that is most affected by it is the elderly. Texture-modified diets are part of the treatment plan for dysphagia. This bland, restrictive diet often contributes to malnutrition in patients with dysphagia. Both energy and protein intake are of concern, which is especially worrying, as it affects the elderly. Making texture-modified diets more appealing is one method to increase food intake. As a recent technology, 3D food printing has great potential to increase the appeal of textured foods. With extrusion-based printing, both protein and vegetable products have already been 3D printed that fit into the texture categories provided by the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative. Another exciting advancement is 4D food printing which could make foods even more appealing by incorporating color change and aroma release following a stimulus. The ultra-processed nature of 3D-printed foods is of nutritional concern since this affects the digestion of the food and negatively affects the gut microbiome.
  • 1.2K
  • 23 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Stilbenes, Phenolic Acids and Tannin Nutraceuticals and Metabolites
Nutraceuticals are generally defined as a food or part of a food that provides benefits to health in addition to its nutritional content. They have been receiving increasing attention due to their potential role as adjuvants against non-communicable chronic diseases (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, etc.). Positive effects have been reported associated with an average dietary consumption of several nutraceutical classes, meaning that the primary compound might not be solely responsible for all the biological effects. The in vivo activities of such biomolecules might be carried out by metabolites derived from gut microbiota fermentative transformation.
  • 1.2K
  • 13 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Aspergillus Strain for the Production of Itaconic Acid
Itaconic acid (IA) is a well-known bio-based monounsaturated organic acid (C5H6O4), with a white color and crystalline structure. It is widely used in the agro-based, plastics, textile, paint and pharmaceutical sectors, owing to its flexible structure, due to the presence of functional groups with covalent double bonds. IA is an alternative to the petrochemicals acrylic and methacrylic acids.
  • 1.2K
  • 15 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Plant- and Food-Derived Health-Beneficial Bioactive Peptides
Natural bioactives can be classified into micronutrients (i.e., vitamins and minerals); phytonutrients (e.g., phenolics, alkaloids, and terpenes); pre- and probiotics; and bioactive peptides. In particular, bioactive peptides have remained largely underappreciated as molecular deliverers of health promotion, mainly due to: (assumedly) poor bioavailability after oral consumption due to proteolysis along the gastrointestinal tract; limited transport from the gut lumen to the bloodstream; and, importantly, insufficient discovery and translation based on serendipitous research and/or high-throughput screening.
  • 1.2K
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Anthocyanin Delivery Systems
Anthocyanins (ACNs) are polyphenolic, water-soluble pigments, and phytochemicals, which in recent years, have garnered the interest of consumers, researchers, and industries for their various potential preventative and/or therapeutic health benefits and applications in the food industry. ACN-based processed foods have emerged as functional foods with significant therapeutic potential against various health conditions. ACNs can be stabilized by embedding them in nanocarrier systems to produce microcapsules, acylating their reactive groups, or forming copigments with other macromolecules
  • 1.2K
  • 05 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Phospholipid Subclasses and Their Biological Functions
Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of disorders characterised by progressive loss of brain function. The most common of these is Alzheimer’s disease, a form of dementia. Intake of macro- and micro-nutrients impacts brain function, including memory, learning, mood, and behaviour. Lipids, particularly phospholipids and sphingolipids, are crucial structural components of neural tissues and significantly affect cognitive function. Lipids, therefore, may be able to modify the onset and progression of neurodegeneration.
  • 1.2K
  • 03 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Pulsed Electric Field on Dairy and Plant Proteins
Dairy and plant-based proteins are widely utilized in various food applications. Several techniques have been employed to improve the techno-functional properties of these proteins. Among them, pulsed electric field (PEF) technology has recently attracted considerable attention as a green technology to enhance the functional properties of food proteins. The PEF treatment conditions markedly affect the treatment results with respect to proteins’ structure and techno-functional properties.
  • 1.2K
  • 07 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Post-Harvest Operations to Generate High-Quality Medicinal Cannabis Products
Cannabis has been a traditional medicinal herb in central Asia, with reports of such usage back to 4700 B.P. in China, India, Persia, Egypt, Greece and Rome. It is now also cultivated and used as a drug crop in at least 172 countries and territories worldwide. It is classified as Cannabis Sativa, C. Indica and C. Ruderalis based on genetics, phenotypic properties and chemical structure. The Cannabis industry is rapidly growing; therefore, there is no medicinal cannabis that can be produced without optimising drying methods. Producing high-quality medical products have been a hot topic in recent years.
  • 1.2K
  • 11 Mar 2022
Biography
Junming Sun
Dr. Sun obtained his Ph.D. in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from China Agriculture University, Beijing, China. Currently, Dr. Sun is a Professor at the Institute of Crop Sciences, CAAS. He mainly focuses on seed biochemistry quality analysis and molecular marker assisted selection for soybean breeding on yield, quality, and resistant characters, including protein and oil content, fatty acid
  • 1.2K
  • 31 Jan 2023
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Greek Honey Authentication: Botanical Approach
Honey is a functional, honeybee product with a useful role in human nutrition and several health benefits. Greece is a Mediterranean region with several types of monofloral honey. Today, Greek honey has acquired an important position in national and international markets. Due to this increased industrialization and globalization, quality control is a necessity. Mislabeling constitutes one of the most notable types of fraudulence, while most consumers are looking for authentic honey. Moreover, producers and suppliers are searching for rapid and analytical methodologies to secure Greek honey in a competitive environment. In this entry, the classical (melissopalynological, physicochemical) and analytical (chromatographic, spectrometric, and spectroscopic) methods for the standardization of the botanical origin of Greek honey will be described. 
  • 1.2K
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Legume Protein Hydrolysates
Consumption of legumes has been shown to enhance health and lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and specific types of cancer. ACE inhibitors, antioxidants, and synthetic anti-inflammatories are widely used today. In vitro and in vivo research has shown the bioactive peptides generated from legume protein hydrolysates, such as antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, anticancer, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, etc., in the context of different disease mitigation. Therefore, researchers describe the recent advances in in vitro and in vivo studies of antioxidant, anti-hypertensive and anti-inflammatory peptides isolated from legume-derived protein hydrolysates. The results indicated that antioxidant legumes peptides are characterized by shortchain sequence amino acids and possess anti-hypertensive properties by reducing systolic blood pressure (SBP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
  • 1.2K
  • 24 Mar 2023
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