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Topic Review
Microwave Kinetic Induction Detectors
Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) are superconducting low-temperature detectors for photons or particles. They are based on the change of resonant frequency of superconducting LC resonators by Cooper pair breaking and their unrivalled scalability makes them one of the most promising novel low temperature detector technologies. 
  • 1.5K
  • 29 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Wind Turbine Blades: End-of-Life Scenarios
Large expansion of wind energy is expected in next decades. At the same time, a significant proportion of the installed wind turbines, the generation installed in 2000s, will come to the end of their lifetime between 2020 and 2030. Many parts of wind turbines can be recycled, however, this is seldom the case for the composite wind blades. Wind turbine blades are developed and designed to sustain challenging service conditions and extraordinary mechanical and ennvironmental loads for several decades. Therefore, their afterlife destruction and separation into re-usable elements represents a challenge. In this review, strategies of end-of-life management of wind turbine blades are discussed. Various scenarios of end-of-life management of wind turbine blades are considered. “Reactive” strategies, designed to deal with ageing turbines, installed in 2000s, include improved maintenance and repair technologies, reuse, refurbishment and recycling.  “Pro-active strategies”, applicable to f new generations of wind turbines, include wind turbine blades with thermoplastic and recyclable thermoset composite matrices, as well as wood, bamboo and natural fiber based composites. 
  • 1.5K
  • 23 Mar 2021
Topic Review
UAVCAN
UAVCAN (Uncomplicated Application-level Vehicular Computing and Networking) is a lightweight protocol designed for reliable intra-vehicle communications using various communications transports, originally destined for CAN bus but targeting various network types in subsequent revisions.
  • 1.5K
  • 01 Nov 2022
Biography
Jeong H. Kim
Jeong Hun Kim (Korean: 김종훈; born August 13, 1960) is a South Korean-born American academic, businessman, and entrepreneur in the technology industry. He served as the President of Bell Labs from 2005 to 2013. Born in Seoul, South Korea, Jeong Kim is a product of a broken home. His parents divorced when he was very young, and he was raised by different relatives while his father went to
  • 1.5K
  • 29 Nov 2022
Biography
Thomas David Petite
Thomas David Petite (born May 30, 1956) is an American inventor and is best known for being one of the five early key inventors of Wireless ad hoc network or IoT Wireless Mesh, Technology.[1] He is Native American and a member of the Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa tribe. He is also a founder of the Native American Intellectual Property Enterprise Council, a non-profit organization he
  • 1.5K
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Tesla Turbine
The Tesla turbine is a bladeless centripetal flow turbine patented by Nikola Tesla in 1913. It is referred to as a bladeless turbine. The Tesla turbine is also known as the boundary-layer turbine, cohesion-type turbine, and Prandtl-layer turbine (after Ludwig Prandtl) because it uses the boundary-layer effect and not a fluid impinging upon the blades as in a conventional turbine. Bioengineering researchers have referred to it as a multiple-disk centrifugal pump. One of Tesla's desires for implementation of this turbine was for geothermal power, which was described in Our Future Motive Power.
  • 1.5K
  • 10 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Cosmetic Container
A cosmetic container is a fully enclosed object used to contain, store, and transport cosmetics. Cosmetics or cosmetic products are substances intended to enhance or preserve the human body's physical appearance or scent. Cosmetic containers are a deeper topic of cosmetic packaging, relating to ISO 22715. According to ISO, cosmetic containers are primary packaging. The container houses the actual product, while the outermost package is considered secondary packaging. These containers play important roles in both marketing and protecting the product.
  • 1.5K
  • 17 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Moog Modular Synthesizer
A Moog modular synthesizer is a monophonic analog modular synthesizer developed by the American electronic instrument pioneer Dr. Robert Moog. Many different models were manufactured by R.A. Moog Co. (Moog Music after 1972) from 1965–80.
  • 1.5K
  • 11 Nov 2022
Biography
Nader Engheta
Nader Engheta (Persian: نادر انقطاع‎) (born 1955 in Tehran) is an Iranian-United States scientist. He has made contributions to the fields of metamaterials, transformation optics, plasmonic optics, nanophotonics, graphene photonics, nano-materials, nanoscale optics, nano-antennas and miniaturized antennas, physics and reverse-engineering of polarization vision in nature, bio-inspired
  • 1.5K
  • 06 Dec 2022
Topic Review
OmniSCV
OmniSCV is a tool for generating datasets of omnidirectional images with semantic and depth information. 
  • 1.5K
  • 30 Oct 2020
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Global Passenger Transport Futures
Global passenger transport consists of all passenger travel by private and public road vehicles, rail passenger travel, air travel, and non-motorized travel. The vehicular travel component expanded an estimated 14-fold between 1950 and 2018, so that now it is not only a major energy user and CO2 emitter, but also the cause of a variety of other negative effects, especially in urban areas. Global transport in future will be increasingly subject to two contradictory forces. On the one hand, the vast present inequality in vehicular mobility between nations should produce steady growth as low-mobility countries raise material living standards. On the other hand, any such vast expansion of the already large global transport task will magnify the negative effects of such travel. The result is a highly uncertain global transport future.
  • 1.5K
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Heart Rate Monitoring of Livestock
For all homoeothermic living organisms, heart rate (HR) is a core variable to control the metabolic energy production in the body, which is crucial to realize essential bodily functions. Consequently, HR monitoring is becoming increasingly important in research of farm animals, not only for production efficiency, but also for animal welfare. Real-time HR monitoring for humans has become feasible though there are still shortcomings for continuously accurate measuring. This paper is an effort to estimate whether it is realistic to get a continuous HR sensor for livestock that can be used for long term monitoring. The review provides the reported techniques to monitor HR of living organisms by emphasizing their principles, advantages, and drawbacks. Various properties and capabilities of these techniques are compared to check the potential to transfer the mostly adequate sensor technology of humans to livestock in term of application. Based upon this review, we conclude that the photoplethysmographic (PPG) technique seems feasible for implementation in livestock. Therefore, we present the contributions to overcome challenges to evolve to better solutions. Our study indicates that it is realistic today to develop a PPG sensor able to be integrated into an ear tag for mid-sized and larger farm animals for continuously and accurately monitoring their HRs.
  • 1.5K
  • 16 Nov 2020
Biography
Leslie E. Robertson
Leslie Earl Robertson (born February 12, 1928) is an American engineer. He was the lead structural engineer of the Twin Towers of the original World Trade Center in New York City .[1] He has since been structural engineer on numerous other projects, including the Shanghai World Financial Center and the Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong. Robertson's engineering career began in 1952, when he gra
  • 1.5K
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
3-Inch Gun M1903
The 3-inch gun M1903 and its predecessors the M1898 and M1902 were rapid fire breech-loading artillery guns with a 360-degree traverse. In some references they are called "15-pounders" due to their projectile weight. They were originally emplaced from 1899 to 1917 and served until shortly after World War II. These 3-inch guns were placed to provide fire to protect underwater mines and nets against minesweepers, and also to protect against motor torpedo boats. In some documentation they are called "mine defense guns". The 3-inch guns were mounted on pedestal mounts (or a retractable "masking parapet" mount for the M1898) that bolted into a concrete emplacement that provided cover and safety for the gun's crew.
  • 1.5K
  • 23 Nov 2022
Biography
Alexander Bonner Latta
Alexander Bonner Latta (June 11, 1821 – April 28, 1865) was an American manufacturer and inventor. He produced the first practical steam fire engine that was successfully used as a routine part of a city's fire department equipment. Latta was born on a farm just outside the city limits of Chillicothe, Ohio, on July 11, 1821.[1] He was the youngest of six children and went by the nickname
  • 1.5K
  • 08 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Analog Synthesizer
An analog (or analogue) synthesizer is a synthesizer that uses analog circuits and analog signals to generate sound electronically. The earliest analog synthesizers in the 1920s and 1930s, such as the Trautonium, were built with a variety of vacuum-tube (thermionic valve) and electro-mechanical technologies. After the 1960s, analog synthesizers were built using operational amplifier (op-amp) integrated circuits, and used potentiometers (pots, or variable resistors) to adjust the sound parameters. Analog synthesizers also use low-pass filters and high-pass filters to modify the sound. While 1960s-era analog synthesizers such as the Moog used a number of independent electronic modules connected by patch cables, later analog synthesizers such as the Minimoog integrated them into single units, eliminating patch cords in favour of integrated signal routing systems.
  • 1.5K
  • 09 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Nanocellulose Based Nanocomposites for Sustainable Applications
Nanocellulose is used in a variety of fields, including medicine, packaging, cosmetics, electronics, food, automotive, optical materials, aerospace, and other fields. Among its distinctive features are its hygroscopicity and chemical inactivity. Nanocellulose could also be used in a variety of industries due to its lack of high sorption and toxicity.
  • 1.5K
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
DEMOnstration Power Station
DEMO (DEMOnstration Power Station) is a proposed nuclear fusion power station that is intended to build upon the ITER experimental nuclear fusion reactor. The objectives of DEMO are usually understood to lie somewhere between those of ITER and a "first of a kind" commercial station, sometimes referred to as PROTO. While there is no clear international consensus on exact parameters or scope, the following parameters are often used as a baseline for design studies: DEMO should produce at least 2 gigawatts of fusion power on a continuous basis, and it should produce 25 times as much power as required for breakeven. DEMO's design of 2 to 4 gigawatts of thermal output will be on the scale of a modern electric power station. To achieve its goals, DEMO must have linear dimensions about 15% larger than ITER, and a plasma density about 30% greater than ITER. As a prototype commercial fusion reactor, it was estimated in 2006, that DEMO could make fusion energy available by 2033, but has now been delayed. It is estimated that subsequent commercial fusion reactors could be built for about a quarter of the cost of DEMO.
  • 1.5K
  • 10 Oct 2022
Topic Review
TiO2 for Removal of VOCs
Purification of air from the VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) by the photocatalytic process has been confirmed to be very perspective. Although many various photocatalysts have been prepared and studied so far, TiO2 is still the most commonly used, because of its advantageous properties such as non-toxicity, relatively low cost and high stability. Surface modifications of TiO2 were extensively proceeded in order to increase photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst under both UV and visible light activations. High yield of VOCs decomposition can be achieved on TiO2, depending on its structure and preparation method. The contact time of reactant with the active sites of TiO2 surface will determinate the efficiency of the photocatalytic process. Although VOCs decomposition can occur under weak UV light, more intensive UV irradiation will guarante complete mineralisation process. 
  • 1.5K
  • 22 Apr 2021
Biography
Barbara Oakley
Barbara Ann Oakley (née Grim, November 24, 1955) is a Professor of Engineering at Oakland University. She is involved in multiple areas of research, ranging from STEM education, to engineering education, to learning practices. Most recently, Oakley has co-created and taught Learning How To Learn: Powerful mental tools to help you master tough subjects, the world's most popular online course.[1
  • 1.5K
  • 05 Dec 2022
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