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Topic Review
Simulators in Educational Robotics
Simulators are part of educational robotics, which easily and quickly enable the user to engage virtually with the development and programming of robots through GUIs. Using a simulator means that it is not necessary to deal exclusively with real robots that might have a significant cost. Hence, simulators are a useful tool that might save resources and assist the educational process.
  • 1.6K
  • 18 Mar 2021
Topic Review
5G Wearable Devices
One potential way of enhancing capacity and data rates in the current and future mobile and wireless generations is the bandwidth. The data rates are directly proportional to the bandwidth. The higher bandwidth provides higher data rates. However, current frequency bands, i.e., 1.7 GHz GSM band, 1.8 GHz 4G/LTE band, 2.0 GHz 4G/LTE band, 2.1 LTE band, and 2.6 GHz band, provide limited bandwidth. Recently, high-frequency bands including 24 GHz (n258), 28 GHz (n257 and n261), 37 GHz (n260), and 39 GHz (n260) in addition to some future recommended bands, i.e., 47 and 60 GHz, have been considered for 5G applications.
  • 1.6K
  • 11 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Time-Sensitive Networking Standards and Applications for Intelligent Driving
The time-sensitive networking (TSN) family of standards is a tool set that offers reliability, determinism and time synchronization for safety-critical automotive communications over Ethernet links. The TSN standards leverage the previous work conducted within the IEEE 802.1 Working Group on IEEE audio video bridging (AVB). TSN is a set of specifications standardized by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.1 work group (WG), the predecessor of which is audio video bridging (AVB).
  • 1.6K
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Automotive Light Detection and Ranging Sensors
In the future, autonomous vehicles with full self-driving features will populate the public roads. However, fully autonomous cars will require robust perception systems to safely navigate the environment, which includes cameras, RADAR devices, and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensors. LiDAR is a key sensor for the future of autonomous driving since it can read the vehicle’s vicinity and provide a real-time 3D visualization of the surroundings through a point cloud representation. These features can assist the autonomous vehicle in several tasks, such as object identification and obstacle avoidance, accurate speed and distance measurements, road navigation, and more. However, it is crucial to detect the ground plane and road limits to safely navigate the environment, which requires extracting information from the point cloud to accurately detect common road boundaries. 
  • 1.6K
  • 13 Jan 2023
Topic Review
PV based EV Charging Modelling
Electric vehicles (EVs) are one of a prominent solution for the sustainability issues needing dire attention like global warming, depleting fossil fuel reserves, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Conversely, EVs are shown to emit higher emissions (measured from source to tailpipe) for the fossil fuel-based countries, which necessitates renewable energy sources (RES) for maximizing EV benefits. EVs can also act as a storage system, to mitigate the challenges associated with RES and to provide the grid with ancillary services, such as voltage regulation, frequency regulation, spinning reserve, etc. For extracting maximum benefits from EVs and minimizing the associated impact on the distribution network, modelling optimal integration of EVs in the network is required.
  • 1.6K
  • 02 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Electric Vehicle Thermal Management Requirements
The burgeoning electric vehicle industry has become a crucial player in tackling environmental pollution and addressing oil scarcity. As these vehicles continue to advance, effective thermal management systems are essential to ensure battery safety, optimize energy utilization, and prolong vehicle lifespan.
  • 1.6K
  • 29 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Theoretical Concepts Underlying LSTM and BiLSTM Networks
Precise anticipation of electrical demand holds crucial importance for the optimal operation of power systems and the effective management of energy markets within the domain of energy planning. The primary aim of bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is to enhance predictive performance by capturing intricate temporal patterns and interdependencies within time series data.
  • 1.6K
  • 15 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Overview of Distributed Generation Sources in Microgrids
In response to increasing environmental concerns, advances in renewable energy technology and reduced costs have caused a significant increase in the penetration of distributed generation resources in distribution networks. Nonetheless, the connection of distributed generation resources to distribution networks has created new challenges in the control, operation, and management of network reliability. From the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) point of view, the term distributed generation can be used to refer to “small-scale energy production to meet local needs that has a production capacity in the range of 100 kW to 10 MW”.
  • 1.6K
  • 13 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Source Camera Identification Techniques
The successful investigation and prosecution of significant crimes, including child pornography, insurance fraud, movie piracy, traffic monitoring, and scientific fraud, hinge largely on the availability of solid evidence to establish the case beyond any reasonable doubt. When dealing with digital images/videos as evidence in such investigations, there is a critical need to conclusively prove the source camera/device of the questioned image. 
  • 1.6K
  • 31 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Lead-Acid/Lithium-Ion Hybrid Battery Energy Storage System
The huge success of electric vehicles across the world is challenged by a lack of infrastructure and a major increase in battery material prices. This challenge positions internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) to remain a vehicle of choice. The majority of these vehicles use a lead-acid battery (LAB) for starting, lighting, and ignition (SLI) functions.
  • 1.6K
  • 29 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Optimization Approaches and Techniques for Automotive Alternators
Optimization and improvement of the electrical system are applied to cope with the increased demand for electrical power in the vehicular system; they must be carried out in many ways to ensure that the vehicles are provided with the necessary electricity for their performance work electrical equipment.
  • 1.6K
  • 28 Jun 2022
Topic Review
AI Methods for Intelligent Sensing
Smart sensors complement and enhance the capabilities of human beings and have been widely embraced in numerous application areas. Artificial intelligence (AI) has made astounding growth in domains of natural language processing, machine learning (ML), and computer vision. The methods based on AI enable a computer to learn and monitor activities by sensing the source of information in a real-time environment. The combination of these two technologies provides a promising solution in intelligent sensing. 
  • 1.6K
  • 10 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Field Measurement Studies on Indoor Air Quality
The Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is one of the key factors that influence the quality of the indoor environment, as well as the human health.
  • 1.6K
  • 16 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Electric Vehicle Batteries
In electric and hybrid vehicles Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs), batteries play a central role and are in the spotlight of scientific community and public opinion. Automotive batteries constitute, together with the powertrain, the main differences between electric vehicles and internal combustion engine vehicles. For this reason, many decision makers and researchers wondered whether energy and environmental impacts from batteries production, can exceed the benefits generated during the vehicle’s use phase. In this framework, the purpose of the present literature review is to understand how large and variable the main impacts are due to automotive batteries’ life cycle, with particular attention to climate change impacts, and to support researchers with some methodological suggestions in the field of automotive batteries’ LCA. The results show that there is high variability in environmental impact assessment; CO2eq emissions per kWh of battery capacity range from 50 to 313 g CO2eq/kWh. Nevertheless, either using the lower or upper bounds of this range, electric vehicles result less carbon-intensive in their life cycle than corresponding diesel or petrol vehicles.
  • 1.6K
  • 27 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Circularly Polarized Hybrid DR Antennas
It has been a feasible approach to build an antenna, in view of the potential advantages they offer. One of the recent trends in dielectric resonator antenna research is the use of compound and hybrid structures. Several considerable investigations have been already underway showing quite interesting and significant features in bandwidth, gain, and generation of circular polarization. 
  • 1.6K
  • 28 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Overview of the Development of ZnO-Based Varistors
Voltage surge protection devices (SPDs) or surge arresters rely on metal oxide varistors (MOVs) to safeguard electrical equipment in consumer electronics and industrial electric power systems against the destructive temporary overvoltages (TOVs) resulting from transient switching surges or lightning strikes. The primary function of voltage-sensitive MOVs in SPDs is to prevent the damage caused by high-energy transients by clamping or eliminating them when a surge occurs. These MOVs are mounted in parallel with the components that they are designed to protect.
  • 1.6K
  • 29 May 2023
Topic Review
CDSSs in cardiac surgery diagnosis
The advances achieved in recent decades regarding cardiac surgery have led to a new risk that goes beyond surgeons’ dexterity; postoperative hours are crucial for cardiac surgery patients and are usually spent in intensive care units (ICUs), where the patients need to be continuously monitored to adjust their treatment. Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) have been developed to take this real-time information and provide clinical suggestions to physicians in order to reduce medical errors and to improve patient recovery. 
  • 1.6K
  • 01 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Temperature-to-Digital Converters
Temperature-to-Digital Converters (TDCs) are on-chip sensors that generate temperature-dependent digital codes.
  • 1.6K
  • 25 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Wireless Sensor Network in Environment Monitoring
The Internet of Things (IoT) technology and its applications are turning real-world things into smart objects, integrating everything under a common infrastructure to manage performance through a software application and offering upgrades with integrated web servers in a timely manner. Quality of life, the green economy, and pollution management in society require comprehensive environmental monitoring systems with easy-to-use features and maintenance.
  • 1.6K
  • 11 Aug 2022
Biography
Ali T. Alouani
The University of Tennessee Knoxville, USA Ph.D. Degree in Electrical & Computer Engineering. (Dec, 1986) Thesis title: Implementation of Nonlinear Centralized Estimators in a Distributed Fashion. Research Areas: Autonomous Systems, Sensor Data Fusion, Medical Diagnosis Support Systems, EV Battery Safety, Smart Grid Monitoring Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Tunis, Tunisia, Ingénieur Prin
  • 1.6K
  • 11 Nov 2022
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