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Topic Review
Technologies for Crop Nitrogen Diagnosis
       Nitrogen (N) plays a key role in the growth of agricultural crops, efficient and precise tools for diagnosis of N status is key to improving crop productivity and reducing environmental pollution. Recent development of non-destructive optical techniques, such as spectroscopy and machine vision technologies, have laid a good foundation for real-time monitoring and precise management of crop N status. We mainly focused on the contribution of spectral and machine vision technology to the accurate diagnosis of crop N status from three aspects: system selection, data processing, and estimation methods. In order to provide useful information for readers.
  • 1.7K
  • 09 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Red Beets as a Source of Bioactive Compounds
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) is a vegetable that is consumed worldwide in the form of juices, soups, or salads. It is also known for its high content of biologically active substances such as betalains, polyphenolic compounds, vitamins, carotenoids, and other nutrients including, sodium, potassium, and magnesium. The distribution of these compounds in the plant is diverse, some occur in greater amounts in the leaves (e.g., vitamin A, B6) and others are in the tubers (e.g., folate, lycopene). The concentration of bioactive compounds in beetroot also depends on its variety and growing conditions.
  • 1.7K
  • 05 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Agricultural Soil Microbiota
Knowledge of the agricultural soil microbiota, of the microbial consortia that comprise it, and the promotion of agricultural practices that maintain and encourage them, is a promising way to improve soil quality for sustainable agriculture and to provide food security. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the positive effects of beneficial soil microorganisms on crop yields and quality, the use of microbial consortia in agriculture remains low. Microbial consortia have more properties than an individual microbial inoculum, due to the synergy of the microorganisms that populate them.
  • 1.7K
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Bacterial and Fungal Biocontrol Agents against Plant-Parasitic Nematodes
Nematodes are non-segmented invertebrates and are by far the most abundant animals on Earth, accounting for an estimated four-fifths of all animals of the terrestrial biosphere. Among soil-dwelling nematodes, some have crucial ecological niches in the soil food web, regulating carbon and recycling nutrients (such as nitrogen, increasing its availability to plants), while others are considered a phytosanitary risk. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) pose a big threat to food security and plant health. The Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072 lists 15 nematode species, 10 of which do not occur in the Schengen territory and 5 do. The European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) recommends EU member states to regulate the following nematodes as quarantine pests: Aphelenchoides besseyi, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Globodera pallida, G. rostochiensis, Heterodera glycines, Meloidogyne chitwoodi, M. enterolobii, M. fallax, M. mali, Radopholus similis, and Xiphinema rivesi.
  • 1.7K
  • 30 Nov 2024
Topic Review
Date Palm against Human Infertility
Due to its antioxidant potential, dates are considered a functional treatment for reducing the risks of infertility. In males, the date palm has a potent effect on the reproductive parameters including hormonal levels and seminal vesicle parameters as well as sperm motility, count, and viability; whereas, in females, it shows a convincing effect on reproductive parameters including oogenesis process, strengthening of oocytes, regulation of hormones, strengthening of pregnancy, reduction of the need for labor augmentation, and postpartum hemorrhage prevention. 
  • 1.7K
  • 24 May 2022
Topic Review
Flavonoids
Flavonoids are health supplements commonly known in their tablet forms. Crops are rich in various sub-classes of flavonoids that could be used for human consumption. The biosynthesis and transport of flavonoids are major factors contributing to the accumulation of flavonoids in crops. On the other hand, the bioavailability of flavonoids to the human body governs the beneficial effects of the flavonoids on human health.
  • 1.7K
  • 05 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Aquaponics as Sustainable Path to Food Sovereignty
Aquaponics emerges as a beacon of hope, showcasing how humanity can adapt, innovate, and thrive while preserving the delicate balance of our natural resources. Within aquaponic systems, a symbiotic cycle unfolds: fish waste serves as vital nutrients for plants, while these same plants act as natural filters, purifying the water destined to circulate back to the fish tanks. This harmonious relationship between aquatic life and vegetation fosters a closed-loop ecosystem, significantly curbing water wastage and elevating the system’s overall sustainability. This method not only produces high-quality organic vegetables and fruits but also sustainable protein sources, addressing the challenges of both food security and water conservation.
  • 1.7K
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Olfaction in Eusocial Ants
Eusocial ants (family Formicidae) engage in a broad range of social behaviors such as nursing the queen’s offspring, foraging for food, and defending their nest. Importantly, these behaviors critically depend on the exchange of information through the detection of chemical cues by a sophisticated olfactory system comprising among the largest number of odorant receptors (ORs) of any insect.
  • 1.7K
  • 05 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Marbled Cat
The Marbled Cat (Pardofelis marmorata) is a small and elusive wild cat species native to the forests of Southeast Asia. Renowned for its striking marbled coat pattern, this felid species occupies a niche as an arboreal predator, adept at navigating the dense canopy of its habitat. Despite its cryptic nature and limited sightings in the wild, the Marbled Cat plays a significant role in forest ecosystems, preying on small mammals, birds, and reptiles, and contributing to the regulation of prey populations.
  • 1.7K
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Dhole
The Dhole (Cuon alpinus), also known as the Asiatic wild dog or Indian wild dog, is a formidable and social canid species native to diverse regions of Asia. Recognized for its cooperative hunting strategies and distinctive appearance, the Dhole plays a vital role in the ecosystems it inhabits, despite facing various conservation challenges.
  • 1.7K
  • 04 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Pale Fox
The Pale Fox (Vulpes pallida) is a small canid species native to the deserts and semi-arid regions of North Africa. Recognized by its distinctive pale fur and large ears, the Pale Fox is adapted to the harsh conditions of its arid habitat, where it plays a crucial role as a predator and scavenger. Despite its elusive nature, the Pale Fox serves as an important indicator of ecosystem health in its arid environment and is a subject of interest for conservation efforts aimed at protecting desert biodiversity.
  • 1.6K
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Cattle Feeding Precision by Automatic Feeding Systems
Livestock farming is experiencing a significant shift towards automation to reduce the many repetitive tasks requiring little skills and high workloads. For farmers, automatic feeding systems for ruminants can be an excellent way to reduce their daily workload and improve animal welfare and production quality. Studies have demonstrated that adopting automatic feeding systems leads to lower energy requirements, lower feed waste, and improved animal welfare, which unequivocally aligns with the farmers' perspective. However, to maximize the flexibility of the feeding robots and reap the benefits, thorough economic and structural planning that considers all of the farming site's features is necessary. Additionally, automatic feeding systems can help involve younger generations in animal farming and increase inclusivity, which may foster female entrepreneurship, all while maintaining good feeding practices.
  • 1.6K
  • 17 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC)
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), an extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), causes diverse local and systemic infections in poultry, including chickens, turkeys, ducks, and many other avian species. APEC possesses or utilizes different virulence and pathogenesis factors or mechanisms to cause colibacillosis in poultry.
  • 1.6K
  • 17 May 2021
Topic Review
Impact of Nanoparticles on Plants under Drought Stress
Drought is a chronic abiotic stress affecting crop growth and development, accounting for approximately 70% of the potential loss of global crop yield and productivity. Drought hinders agriculture and forestry worldwide, due to very little rainfall or significant differences in moisture. The current trends of global warming are causing a major impact on the moisture levels of the soil and the environment, and are increasing the intensity of droughts. Plants are subjected to various stresses during their growth, and the morphology of plants is affected at all stages of development due to drought stress, with productivity losses expected to reach 30% globally by 2025. 
  • 1.6K
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Banana Fusarium Wilt Disease Detection
Banana Fusarium wilt (BFW), which is a soilborne fungal disease caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (Foc 4) is the most devastating disease of bananas. It can occur in the whole growth period and spread fast.
  • 1.6K
  • 09 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Nanocellulose from Agricultural Wastes
Nanocellulose-based composites are characterized for being highly biocompatible and scarcely toxic, which are the the major reasons for its use in numerous biomedical applications. Incorporation of nanocellulose to drug delivery systems could control both the manner drugs are released and the interactions with target molecules, thus increasing the effectiveness of drug administration. Changes on nanocellulose surface must be carried out to link drugs, non-ionic chemicals with hydrophobic character, to the nanopolymer.
  • 1.6K
  • 18 Sep 2021
Topic Review
The Invasive Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis Poir)
Senecio madagascariensis originates from southern Africa but it has been introduced to several other countries including Australia. Climatic suitability suggests that there are large areas around the world suitable for the weed’s growth where it is currently not present. The weed poses a major threat to livestock industries in these countries through its ability to reduce pasture production and poison animals. A range of control techniques has been used to try and manage S. madagascariensis. Besides using traditional approaches, the use of competitive pastures and more tolerant livestock (such as sheep and goats) are some of the other options recommended as part of an integrated approach. 
  • 1.6K
  • 17 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Ethiopian Wolf
The Ethiopian Wolf (Canis simensis) is a highly specialized and critically endangered canid species endemic to the Afroalpine ecosystems of the Ethiopian Highlands. With its distinctive russet-colored coat and slender build, this medium-sized wolf stands as Africa's most endangered carnivore, facing numerous threats to its survival. As a top predator and keystone species, the Ethiopian Wolf plays a crucial role in regulating prey populations and maintaining ecosystem balance in its unique Afroalpine habitat.
  • 1.6K
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Sulfur in Seeds
Sulfur is a growth-limiting and secondary macronutrient as well as an indispensable component for several cellular components of crop plants. 
  • 1.6K
  • 09 Feb 2022
Topic Review
‘Chen Xi’ Rose
Flower color is one of the most prominent traits of rose flowers and determines their ornamental value. The ‘Chen Xi’ variety of rose has a very beautiful flower showing color changes during the blooming, which contributes a lot to its ornamental value. 
  • 1.6K
  • 22 Oct 2021
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