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Topic Review
Ensuring Sustainability during a Crisis Using Flexible Methodologies
The COVID-19 pandemic forced national governments and administrations to seek flexible solutions to deal with the emergency. Thus, it is necessary to design a model of a flexible methodology based on detailed flexible methodologies to make decisions and measures connected to COVID-19 pandemic to be effectively applied without the loss of meaning and within a short time. As a result, an expandable set of relevant methodologies for crisis management and flexible methodologies was identified, modeled, and formalized using a broad literature review and an innovative model of a flexible methodology for crisis management was created in accordance with standardized concepts, transforming them into secondary use models.
  • 647
  • 07 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Stomach Infrastructures in African Children
Child labour remains a prevalent global concern, and progress toward eradicating harmful children’s work appears to have stalled in the African continent and henceforth, integrated social policy intervention is still required to address the problem. Among several forms of social policy interventions, stomach infrastructure (i.e., in-kind and/or cash transfers) have been a key policy approach to support vulnerable families to lighten households’ resources burden, which forces them to consider child labour as a coping strategy. There is growing evidence on the impacts of these programs in child labour. However, this evidence is often mixed regarding children’s work outcomes, and the existing studies hardly describe such heterogeneous outcomes from the child-sensitive approach. To this end, a systematic literature search was conducted for studies in African countries. From 743 references retrieved in this study, 27 studies were included for the review, and a narrative approach has been employed to analyse extracted evidence. Results from the current study also demonstrate a mixed effect of in-kind and cash transfers for poor households on child labour decisions. Hence, the finding from the current review also demonstrates reduced participation of children in paid and unpaid work outside the household due to in-kind and cash transfers to poor households, but children’s time spent in economic and non-economic household labour and farm and non-farm labour, which are detrimental to child health and schooling, has been reported increasing due to the program interventions. The question remains how these programs can effectively consider child-specific and household-related key characteristics. To this end, a child-sensitive social protection perspective has been applied in this study to explain these mixed outcomes to inform policy design. 
  • 630
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Carbon Trading Scheme Synergistic Effect
The externality cost of carbon emission can be internalized through emission trading schemes (ETSs), which contribute to carbon emission reduction. Consequently, ETSs have been widely adopted in the implementation of emission reduction targets.
  • 627
  • 25 May 2021
Topic Review
Application of Resilience to Food Systems
The idea of “resilience” increasingly appears in development dialogue and discussion of food systems. While the academic concept of resilience has roots in diverse disciplines, climate change and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have led to a rapid intensification of interest in the concept as it applies to food systems. The conceptual dimensions of resilient food systems and tools for assessing food system resilience are discussed.
  • 582
  • 13 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Innovation Vouchers
Innovation voucher is a credit note that allows innovative SMEs or entrepreneurs to work with knowledge providers, such as universities and research intuitions, on innovative projects. Innovation vouchers can provide SMEs with opportunities to obtain new and persuasive evaluative information to improve investment decisions.
  • 517
  • 14 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Withdrawal from Rural Homesteads in Jinjiang
Urbanization and aging populations are threatening the sustainability of rural development around the world. Improving the happiness of rural residents is closely related not only to rural development but also to the harmony and stability of a country. Sustainable development has become an important strategy for China’s rural areas.
  • 515
  • 11 Jul 2022
Topic Review
The Key Motive of Adaptive Social Innovation
The fundamental cause of adaptive social innovation can be found in the changes derived from the “digital economy.” Newly born platform capitalism and its industrial structure are expanding their dominant power in economic systems. This is causing extensive upheaval in the fundamentals that support the social and economic environment such as production, consumption, distribution, etc., by reorganizing the production and distribution systems. 
  • 505
  • 21 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Building the Resilience of Local Governance Networks
Resilience has become more popular among researchers and practitioners of public governance. The variance-based structural equation modelling (SEM) based on the partial least squares path modelling method (PLS) has been used to analyze the data collected. Researchers found that social capital, primarily relational and cognitive, directly and significantly affects resilience, but transformational leadership impacts indirectly. In addition, the resilience of local governance networks is associated with bouncing back and change. 
  • 482
  • 13 May 2022
Topic Review
The Federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credit
The federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) is the largest production side-subsidy for lower-income housing in the United States.
  • 477
  • 04 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Role Stress in Judges
Judges are the central actors in the organization and functioning of the judicial system. The judges’ role has undergone changes, with the role of manager entering into the scenario of a classic and formerly unique role to apply the law.
  • 471
  • 17 May 2022
Topic Review
Roles of Stakeholders in Energy Living Lab
The living lab concept in energy transition research is still relatively new, but it has piqued the interest of policymakers, researchers, and practitioners. While Følstad claims that the living lab concept originated in the 2000′s with private firms conducting real-life testing and experimentation for information and communication technologies, Leminen et al. contend that the concept first appeared in 1749. The living lab concept is identified as having the potential to provide a platform to test technologies and support energy transition. 
  • 467
  • 17 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Sustainable Development of China's Religious Charity Policy
To effectively implement religious public welfare and charity activity policies, it is necessary to balance the tensions of all parties and create a strong executive force. In view of the current weak locality of religious charity policies, the evasive attitudes and behaviors of religious charity organizations towards policies, and the multiple supervisory layers of government departments, there is an urgent need to establish a policy implementation model led by the government, the main body of the organization, the support of the believers, and the mutual benefit of the community. The legislature attaches great importance to the establishment of a complete system of institutions, the formation of efficient enforcement teams by law enforcement agencies, adherence to legal administration, scientific administration, and innovative management methods and concepts, and creates an environment conducive to the healthy development of a religious charity. Religious charity organizations attach importance to organizational operations and professional services; linking social resources legally and efficiently; strengthening the cooperation and exchange of technology, services, and experience in the field of charity; promoting the professional development of religious charities; and changing religious charity organizations or activities from relying solely on religious beliefs and the status quo of providing services with enthusiasm.
  • 428
  • 28 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Kallikratis Plan
The Kallikratis Programme (Greek: Πρόγραμμα Καλλικράτης, romanized: Prógramma Kallikrátis) is the common name of Greek law 3852/2010 of 2010, a major administrative reform in Greece. It brought about the second major reform of the country's administrative divisions following the 1997 Kapodistrias reform. Named after ancient Greek architect Callicrates, the programme was presented by the socialist Papandreou cabinet and was adopted by the Hellenic Parliament in May 2010. The programme's implementation started with the November 2010 local elections, and was completed by January 2011.
  • 421
  • 07 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Identifying the Directions of Technology-Driven Government Innovation
The world is now strengthening its Information and Communication Technology (ICT) capabilities to secure economic growth and national competitiveness. The role of ICT is important for problems like COVID-19. ICT based innovation is effective in responding to problems for industry, economy, and society. However, not from the perspective of performance or investment, that the use and performance of ICT technology are promoted when each country’s ICT related environment, policies, governance, and regulations are effective.
  • 405
  • 23 May 2022
Topic Review
Natural Disasters, Economic Growth, and Carbon Emissions
China has complex geographical and climatic conditions, as well as a wide variety of natural disasters, and this country has the highest frequency of natural disasters in the world. Floods, droughts, earthquakes, typhoons, mudslides, forest fires, and other disasters occur every year, and they have obvious regional, seasonal, and phased characteristics. These frequent natural disasters have severe consequences, such as high death tolls, the destruction of infrastructure, and stagnated regional economic development.
  • 305
  • 09 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Carbon Emissions Reduction in China
Climate change is one of the largest challenges facing mankind, and the question of how to reduce carbon emissions has raised extensive concern all over the world. China’s carbon emissions trading policy and the horizontal mobility experience of the provincial governors exert a significant positive effect on carbon emission reduction.
  • 301
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Sustainable Bio-Waste Management
Alongside production and consumption, bio-waste management is central to the food systems debate. To achieve sustainable food systems—an essential component of the Sustainable Development Goals and the world they envision—public authorities must address the shortage of current bio-waste-management policies and strive towards a new paradigm of bio-waste management, where environmental justice primarily informs policy design and decision making.
  • 276
  • 24 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Intergovernmental Cooperation in the Delivery of Water Services
Water is a fundamental human right, and its provision is essential for the maintenance of the general quality of life. The South African government has a constitutional obligation to provide clean potable water to all citizens. The practice of cooperative government among the three spheres of government in the provision of water services to communities in South Africa is discussed herein. 
  • 266
  • 17 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Cold-Chain Logistics Management and Transportation Safety
COVID-19 vaccines have become pivotal in combating the pandemic since 2019. However, risks stemming from human errors, equipment malfunctions, and emergencies during cold-chain transportation can jeopardize vaccine security without effective safety standards. 
  • 259
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Inter-Organizational Partnering Strategies in Disaster Response
Establishing appropriate inter-organizational partnership in disaster response is of great help to the improvement of disaster relief performance. The optimal partnering strategy is contingent on disaster response conditions, with accurate disaster information and abundant relief materials to choose the material difference principle, and vague disaster information to choose the organizational influence principle. At the same time, frequent information communication and material cooperation allocation can be transformed into low-frequency information communication and government-led material allocation. 
  • 256
  • 22 Sep 2023
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