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Topic Review
Thionocarbamates in Copper Slag Flotation
Thionocarbamates are the group of collectors that are mostly used for flotation of sulphide copper minerals, alone or in combination with xanthates depending on a mineralogical composition of the ore. Collectors are a group of reagents used in flotation for enhancing hydrophobicity of wanted minerals. They are organic compounds which are being adsorbed on surfaces of desired minerals, thus making them hydrophobic, reducing the stability of the hydrated layer separating the mineral from the air bubble to such extent that attachment of the particle to the bubble can be made, i.e., collectors reduce the induction time. Another purpose of collectors is to provide selectivity of minerals with similar floatability properties.
  • 827
  • 31 May 2022
Topic Review
Gravity Concentration Techniques in Urban Mining Applications
Urban mining has emerged as a concept that goes beyond conventional recycling, as it aims to tackle both the challenges of solid waste generation and management, as well as the scarcity of primary resources. Gravity concentration has gained increasing attention as a promising method for addressing crucial challenges in urban mining applications. Gravity concentration has a long history, dating back to ancient times. During this time, numerous methods have been developed, and for each method, various equipment has been manufactured and commercialized. Therefore, categorizing gravity concentration techniques is not an easy task, and it ultimately depends on the criteria that one relies upon. Such criteria may include whether the operation is dry or wet, the capacity of the equipment, the typical efficiency (the efficiency of gravity concentration equipment can be evaluated using the partition or Tromp curve method. In this, the separation is assessed by examining the fraction of material in each density fraction that ends up in the product, and how this relates to the original fraction present in the feed. More details can be found in mineral processing textbooks), the process target (yield or content), the costs involved, and others. Of these criteria, the operating size range is the most critical factor that should be considered when selecting appropriate gravity concentration techniques for a given application.
  • 790
  • 08 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Construction of Arch Structure Model
The application of the arch structure model focuses on the prediction and prevention of mining pressure and surface subsidence, and there are relatively few means to actively regulate overburden arch.
  • 774
  • 29 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining
The aim of this work is to explain the concepts of sustainability with respect to small artisanal gold mining. For this, a qualitative approach with a descriptive scope was used, for which the bibliographic review technique was conducted. In this sense, articles, theses, books and institutional documents, and any contribution related to the research topic were taken into consideration. Likewise, this documentation contributed to the delimiting aspects that allowed a contrast between the proposed definitions and small artisanal mining in the Northeast Antioquia region in Colombia. Based on the reviewed sources, different needs were recognized in artisanal small-scale gold mining in Northeast Antioquia that still need action. In conclusion, through the exposition of sustainability theories, three common factors were identified within the various positions that were raised—the environmental, economic, and sociocultural dimensions. 
  • 712
  • 27 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Deep Sea Mining
As land-based mining industries face increasing complexities, e.g., diminishing return on investments, environmental degradation, and geopolitical tensions, governments are searching for alternatives. Following decades of anticipation, technological innovation, and exploration, deep seabed mining (DSM) in the oceans has, according to the mining industry and other proponents, moved closer to implementation. The DSM industry is currently waiting for international regulations that will guide future exploitation. 
  • 671
  • 24 May 2021
Topic Review
Submarine Tailings in Chile
In several countries, and especially in northern Chile, most mining operations and tailings disposal are carried out near the mine. However, the tailings disposal has turned out to have certain exceptions in managing waste from ores processing by froth flotation. Countries like Chile, Peru, Norway, Canada, the Philippines, Spain, and Indonesia have active or abandoned underwater tailings on the coasts and at the submarine level. The underwater tailings of Chañaral Bay, Chile, and Ite Bay, Peru, are examples of the lack of scientific studies that can damage the marine environment. Potential environmental disasters caused a change towards the surface disposal of the tailings. Nowadays, society’s pressures on surface tailing dumps have driven research on sustainable mining waste discharge to the seabed.
  • 611
  • 29 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Mining Equipment Management
Mining sector is an economic foundation and the main source of national wealth for many countries. Modern mining operations are ever more reliant on efficient usage of costly large-scale mining equipment (e.g., trucks, shovels/excavators/loaders, conveyors and crushers). Thus, mining equipment management is becoming crucial for the mining industry. To be viable and sustainable, mining enterprises need to operate different types of mining equipment units at various stages with the objective of minimizing the total cost or maximizing the whole productivity.
  • 602
  • 23 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Collision Avoidance Systems for Underground Mines
With the growing number of unintentional interactions occurring in underground mines, Collision Avoidance System (CAS) establishment and maintenance has become an urgent need for mining industries to enhance their risk profile and improve construction safety. 
  • 574
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Gel Foam Extinguishing Agent in Coal Mines
Coal is a fossil fuel with great economic potential, but meanwhile, it is threatened by coal spontaneous combustion during coal production. Gel foam extinguishing agent (gel foam) has promising applications in the prevention and management of mine coal spontaneous combustion.
  • 563
  • 02 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Dispatch Optimization Model for Haulage Equipment between Stopes
The working environment of underground mines is complicated, making it difficult to construct an underground mine production plan. In response to the requirements for the preparation of a short-term production plan for underground mines, an optimization model for short-term resource planning was constructed, with the goal of maximizing the total revenue during the planning period. 
  • 557
  • 14 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Intelligent Management in the Mining 4.0
The achievements of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, embodied in “end-to-end” digital and convergent technologies, are able to ensure the stable development of the mineral resource sector in the face of fluctuations in raw material demand and the profitability of mining enterprises, strengthening environmental safety legislation. Mining 4.0 is also a response to the technological shocks associated with the accelerated digital modernization of the manufacturing and infrastructure industries. Mining 4.0 is a relatively new platform that allows, with the help of digital innovations, to move to more advanced production optimization.
  • 498
  • 10 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Mining Geomatics
Mining geomatics is the knowledge and ability of using information systems to integrate and process spatial data about objects and phenomena occurring in the mining space in a way that enables the modelling and design of mining activities together with monitoring and visualising their state, analysing their changes and forecasting the effects of mining operations.
  • 426
  • 18 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Diagnostics of Bolted Joints in Vibrating Screens
The condition-based maintenance of vibrating screens requires new methods of their elements’ diagnostics due to severe disturbances in measured signals from vibrators and falling pieces of material. The bolted joints of the sieving deck, when failed, require a lot of time and workforce for repair. Dynamical effects are investigated, which can occur due to bolted joints' degradation. Based on a reduced order dynamical model, important potential issues in screen design are discovered and new methods of diagnostics are developed.
  • 409
  • 04 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Application of UAV Photogrammetry in Mining Areas
The geological environmental damage caused by coal mining has become a hot issue in current research. Especially in the western mining area, the size of the mining working face is large, the mining intensity is high, while the surface movement and deformation are more intense and wider. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively monitor the surface using appropriate means and carrying out research on the overlying strata structure of the stope.
  • 366
  • 03 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Soft Computing Application in Mineral Processing
The mining sector has increasingly embraced simulation and modelling techniques for decision-making processes. This adoption has facilitated enhanced process control and optimisation, enabling access to valuable data such as precise granulometry measurements, improved recovery rates, and the ability to forecast outcomes. Soft computing techniques, such as artificial neural networks and fuzzy algorithms, have emerged as viable alternatives to traditional statistical approaches, where the complex and non-linear nature of the mineral processing stages requires careful selection.
  • 345
  • 04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Quantum Chemistry in the Study of Flotation Reagents
Flotation reagents are significant for modifying the interfacial characteristics of mineral grains to achieve the effective separation of minerals. Since the 1960s, when quantum chemistry was first introduced into the study of flotation reagents, many achievements have been made, although some controversial topics remain.
  • 330
  • 06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Micro-Mineral Particle Slurry Rheometry
In mineral flotation operations, the mineral slurry is usually treated via grinding, agitation, flotation, and transportation, and the micro-particle slurry is often mixed with chemical reagent (mill and agitation tank) under such conditions, with air bubbles being separated under certain shearing fields in water-used equipment, such as a flotation cell or column. One characteristic of the micro-mineral slurry is polydispersity, including size and shape.
  • 318
  • 13 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Mine Closure/Rehabilitation Projects
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are being used more frequently nowadays because of advancements in sensor and control technologies. They can use a range of single-band, multispectral, and hyperspectral sensors, including those that function in visible, infrared, and microwave spectrums. Their application in heritage and archaeological site mapping, transportation, civil engineering, agriculture, landscape mapping, wildlife conservation, infrastructure inspection, and search and rescue have been investigated in several studies.
  • 291
  • 06 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Mitigating Risks in Coal Mining
Insufficient stability of the top plate at the corner of an easily combustible coal seam comprehensive mining face may lead to a natural fire within the goaf. While corner sealing is crucial for minimizing air leakage, current sealing methods struggle to effectively prevent such leakage. Additionally, the distribution characteristics of the oxidation zone in the goaf after sealing are unclear, making it difficult to control the extent of the oxidation zone.
  • 270
  • 22 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Digital Twin Technology in Data Center Simulations
Mining activities often deem mine sites as temporary, leading to their eventual reclamation, rehabilitation, or abandonment. The abandoned mine sites can be reimagined as strategic assets, thus providing economic benefits while adhering to critical data center infrastructure standards.
  • 240
  • 05 Dec 2023
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