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Topic Review
Immune Status of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Patients
During the diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML), patients’ immune cells are derived from leukemic stem cells, and aberrations of both innate and acquired immunity are observed. The following treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) not only suppress leukemic cell growth, but also alter immune functions, which may affect prognosis of CML patients.
  • 1.1K
  • 10 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Sensor-Based Fall Risk Assessment
Fall risk assessment is a complicated process based on detection and analysis of factors leading to falls. Sensor-based fall risk assessment is a promising technology which uses sensors to assess risk of falls by analyzing factors like gait characteristics.
  • 1.1K
  • 07 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Twin Transition through Implementation of Industry 4.0 Technologies
Key Enabling Technologies (KET) support the adoption of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and are also considered the main drivers of the Circular Economy (CE) transition. In this respect, the guidelines and real use cases to inspire enterprises and industry to lead the twin digital and green transition are still poor.
  • 1.1K
  • 14 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Regulation of Cell Proliferation by Calcineurin
Calcineurin, a calcium-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase, integrates the alterations in intracellular calcium levels into downstream signaling pathways by regulating the phosphorylation states of several targets. Intracellular Ca2+ is essential for normal cellular physiology and cell cycle progression at certain critical stages of the cell cycle. Recently, it was reported that calcineurin is activated in a variety of cancers. Given that abnormalities in calcineurin signaling can lead to malignant growth and cancer, the calcineurin signaling pathway could be a potential target for cancer treatment. For example, NFAT, a typical substrate of calcineurin, activates the genes that promote cell proliferation. Furthermore, cyclin D1 and estrogen receptors are dephosphorylated and stabilized by calcineurin, leading to cell proliferation. 
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Microfluidic Structures for Biosensors
Microfluidics is an approach based on a platform consisting of miniature micromechanical structures, channels, pumps, junctions, tubes, and sensors to enable a highly controlled manipulation and detection of liquids under test. This methodology plays a vital role in numerous fields of science and has the potential to become a tool of choice for many applications. Microfluidics facilitates operation with small and accurately controlled volumes of liquid. Additionally, this platform can be enhanced with numerous sensors to obtain information about the properties of the liquids under test. Thus, microfluidics with embedded sensors ensures reproducibility, reliability, and accuracy of sample manipulations and measurements. 
  • 1.1K
  • 14 Feb 2022
Topic Review
A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) Family
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) proteins are proteolytic enzymes that are responsible for destroying the extracellular matrix, but they also have adhesive properties. Recent investigations have demonstrated that the expression of several ADAMs is upregulated in gastrointestinal (GI) tumour cells and have linked the secretion of these proteins to pathogenesis of GI malignancies.
  • 1.1K
  • 18 May 2022
Topic Review
Signal Transduction Pathways of Glioblastoma Stem Cells
Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are a unique population of tumor cells that contribute to tumor growth, invasion, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. These stem cells are capable of self-renewal and proliferation. The contributions of GSCs to tumor pathogenesis are mediated by a diverse repertoire of signaling pathways that influence GSC function and stemness. Molecules in these pathways may serve as the basis of anti-GSC targets. 
  • 1.1K
  • 05 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Prokineticin 2/PROK2 and Male Infertility
The prokineticin system (PROK) consists of the prokineticin 1 (PROK1) and prokineticin 2 (PROK2) proteins. Through the activation of two G-protein receptors (PROKR1 and PROKR2) regulate a wide range of biological functions, including gastrointestinal motility, circadian rhythm regulation, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, pain perception, and mood regulation. Recently, new evidence confirms and extends the knowledge on the role of the PROK2 system in the male reproductive system, opening new scenarios in the field of male infertility
  • 1.1K
  • 30 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Blockchain-Based Data Management System for ETO Manufacturing
Engineer-to-order (ETO) is a currently popular production model that can meet customers’ individual needs, for which the orders are primarily non-standard parts or small batches. This production model has caused many management challenges, including the difficulty of tracing the production process data of products and the inability to monitor order status in real-time. 
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Five Faults and Eight Antidotes
The five faults and eight antidotes are factors of samatha meditation identified in the Tibetan Buddhist tradition. The five faults identify obstacles to meditation practice, and the eight antidotes are applied to overcome the five faults. This system originates with Maitreyanātha's Madhyānta-vibhāga and is elaborated upon in further texts, such as Kamalaśīla's Stages of Meditation (Bhāvanākrama). This formulation has been commented upon by generations of Tibetan commentators. This formulation derives originally from the Yogācāra tradition.
  • 1.1K
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Digital Strategy
Digital Strategy is a plan that uses digital resources to achieve one or more objectives. With technology changing at a very fast pace, Institutions have many digital resources to choose from based on what their overall goal is. Typically a plan that helps businesses, institutions, and brands, etc transform its course of action, operations, and activities, etc into digital nature to market their products, Analyse their consumer transactions or reduce operating cost, etc will be the digital strategy for that business, institution or brand. For e.g. brands at one point of time used print media advertisements for promoting its offers but now with the help of technology, social media is being used aggressively by brands to communicate their offerings to their respective consumers. 2019 was the first year in the history of humankind that witnessed brands. total advertising spent on social media crossed over the brand's total advertising spent on print media.
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Trauma Model of Mental Disorders
The trauma model of mental disorders, or trauma model of psychopathology, emphasises the effects of physical, sexual and psychological trauma as key causal factors in the development of psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety as well as psychosis, whether the trauma is experienced in childhood or adulthood. It conceptualises victims as having understandable reactions to traumatic events rather than suffering from mental illness. Trauma models emphasise that traumatic experiences are more common and more significant in terms of aetiology than has often been thought in people diagnosed with mental disorders. Such models have their roots in some psychoanalytic approaches, notably Sigmund Freud's early ideas on childhood sexual abuse and hysteria, Pierre Janet's work on dissociation, and John Bowlby's attachment theory. There is significant research supporting the linkage between early experiences of chronic maltreatment and severe neglect and later psychological problems. In the 1960s trauma models became associated with humanist and anti-psychiatry approaches, particularly in regard to understanding schizophrenia and the role of the family. Personality disorders have also been a focus, particularly borderline personality disorder, with the role of dissociation and 'freezing responses' (more extreme reactions than fight-flight when someone is terrified and traumatised) thought to have a significant role in the aetiology of psychological disturbance. Extreme versions of trauma models have implicated the fetal environment and the trauma of being born, but these are not well-supported in the academic literature and have been associated with recovered memory controversies. People are traumatised by a wide range of people, not just family members. For example, male victims of sexual abuse report being abused in institutional settings (boarding schools, care homes, sports clubs). Trauma models thus highlight stressful and traumatic factors in early attachment relations and in the development of mature interpersonal relationships. They are often presented as a counterpoint to psychiatric orthodoxy and inform criticisms of mental health research and practice in that it has become too focused on genetics, neurochemistry and medication.
  • 1.1K
  • 02 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Energy Access Solutions for Rural Healthcare Facilities
Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources (HRES) microsystems, like microgrids incorporated with solar panels and battery, is identified to ensure higher and more reliable energy access in rural healthcare centres. At the same time, the adoption of Demand Side Management (DSM) in the HRES deployment in countryside healthcare facilities is reported to decrease the initial cost of installation and improve efficiency.
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Phage Therapeutics: A Novel Therapeutic Approaches
Resistance to antimicrobials and particularly multidrug resistance is one of the greatest challenges in the health system nowadays. The continual increase in the rates of antimicrobial resistance worldwide boosted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses a major public health threat. Different approaches have been employed to minimize the effect of resistance and control this threat.
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Health Effects of Coumestrol
Coumestrol is a phytoestrogen produced in pulses including alfalfa, clover or soy. Its production is mainly associated to fungal attacks. It has been involved in the ewes' infertility syndrome discovered in the late 1940s in Australia and New-Zealand. Mainly considered as a toxic compound, it can be used to relief symptoms of estrogen deficiencies and therefore exhibits both adverse and beneficial effects at least in animal models.
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Characterization of Food-Grade Systems
The use of food-grade polymers for colon targeting allows the development of systems for the controlled delivery of active and health-beneficial compounds (nutraceuticals, prebiotics, probiotics, etc.) to the ileo-colon section tract against GIT diseases (IBD, IBS, colon cancer, dysbiosis and other conditions), with a high safety profile. In fact, food-grade polymers are approved for use in the food industry and are safe for human consumption.
  • 1.1K
  • 06 May 2023
Topic Review
Medicinal Plants Targrting NLRP3 Inflammasome in IBD
The Nod-like Receptor (NLR) Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a key regulator found in immunological and epithelial cells, is crucial in inducing inflammatory diseases, promoting immune responses to the gut microbiota, and regulating the integrity of the intestinal epithelium. Its downstream effectors include caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β.
  • 1.1K
  • 15 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Nurses’ Job Satisfaction in Saudi Arabian Hospitals
Job satisfaction can be defined as the extent to which people feel either positively or negatively about their work. Job satisfaction can also be defined as the degree to which an employee is satisfied with the benefits they receive from their work, especially when it comes to intrinsic motivations. It is a complicated concept that has been studied in many different fields, such as nursing, business, psychological science, and sociology. 
  • 1.1K
  • 19 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Total Quality Management/Service Excellence in Container Shipping Industry
Service quality (SQ) is an important factor in sustaining relationships with your clients in the container shipping industry. Clients who request containership services have transportation needs that prioritize punctuality, reliability, connectivity, and other criteria over low freight rates. To put it another way, clients that utilize container shipping are more concerned about SQ; thus, total quality management (TQM) practices must be implemented to ensure high SQ levels that meet customer expectations. To do so, shipping firms must coordinate six TQM practices: managerial leadership, employee involvement, customer focus, process management, training, and supplier quality management in order to improve five SQ dimensions: tangibility, reliability, empathy, assurance, and responsiveness. This will help them perform better financially.
  • 1.1K
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Ethical Models Applicable to Cancer Care during Pregnancy
A holistic view should be taken towards patient’s treatment, care and counselling in order to provide patient-centric, ethically and legally informed care for pregnant cancer patients. It is essential to consider individual circumstances of each pregnant cancer patient where each patient is seen as a person embedded in the realities of their lives and the changes that a cancer diagnosis brings to themselves and their pregnancy care.
  • 1.1K
  • 18 Feb 2024
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