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Topic Review
Combinatorial Approaches of Pressurized Liquid Extraction
Seaweeds are an underutilized food in the Western world, but they are widely consumed in Asia, with China being the world’s larger producer. Seaweeds have gained attention in the food industry because of their composition, which includes polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, dietary fiber, and various bioactive compounds such as vitamins, essential minerals, phenolic compounds, and pigments. Extraction techniques, ranging from more traditional techniques such as maceration to novel technologies, are required to obtain these components. Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) is a green technique that uses high temperatures and pressure applied in conjunction with a solvent to extract components from a solid matrix. To improve the efficiency of this technique, different parameters such as the solvent, temperature, pressure, extraction time and number of cycles should be carefully optimized. It is important to note that PLE conditions allow for the extraction of target analytes in a short-time period while using less solvent and maintaining a high yield. Moreover, the combination of PLE with other techniques has been already applied to extract compounds from different matrices, including seaweeds. In this way, the combination of PLE-SFE-CO2 seems to be the best option considering both the higher yields obtained and the economic feasibility of a scaling-up approximation. 
  • 1.3K
  • 31 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Geothermal Energy Reservoirs
Geothermal is a renewable energy source, but this is not as often seen as other renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, hydro, etc. Two different types of geothermal energy sources exist in the world: (1) high entropy and (2) low enthalpy geothermal energy reservoirs. Geological characteristics and local temperature are used to classify geothermal reservoirs. 
  • 1.3K
  • 12 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Pre-Emptively Managing Overtourism
Overtourism is the congestion or overcrowding from an excess of tourists, resulting in conflicts with locals. The World Tourism Organization defines overtourism as "the impact of tourism on a destination, or parts thereof, that excessively influences perceived quality of life of citizens and/or quality of visitor experiences in a negative way". 
  • 1.3K
  • 09 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Development Status of CCUS in China
Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) has been applied in many countries and has proven to be a key carbon-reduction technology for the future. China currently emits the most carbon, and prior research findings indicate the high potential of CCUS technology to support the country’s emission-reduction process. China introduced CCUS technology at the end of the 20th century and has since implemented a series of related policies.
  • 1.3K
  • 21 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Green Ads, Emotional Arousal and Purchase Intention
Green marketing theory explores rationales for minimizing the environmental effect of value production, as well as trade. Green marketing indicates that an organization is market-oriented and operates sustainably. Green marketing is defined as promotional activities targeted at achieving advantages by influencing customer behavior toward a company. The way consumers respond to green marketing messages is a topic that attracts significant interest. more specifically, it is interesting to investigate and comprehend the impact of emotional appeals (positive and negative) in green advertising and how they influence consumer attitudes toward green advertisements and intentions to make environmentally conscious purchases.
  • 1.3K
  • 20 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Composites: Their Carbon Footprint
A composite can be defined as a material composed of at least two major components that contribute in complementary ways to achieving desired performance attributes. The term “carbon footprint” is often used to refer to the same concerns, since the net emission of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere is known to contribute to increases in average temperatures at ground level on the planet.
  • 1.3K
  • 18 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Backgrounds of Agroforestry and Social Forestry in Indonesia
Smart agroforestry (SAF) is a set of agriculture and silviculture knowledge and practices that is aimed at not only increasing profits and resilience for farmers but also improving environmental parameters, including climate change mitigation and adaptation, biodiversity enhancement, and soil and water conservation, while assuring sustainable landscape management. Indonesia has the third largest area of tropical forest as well as the second largest biodiversity and the second highest number of indigenous medicinal plants in the world. It covers 10% of the global tropical forest with 50% of the world’s biodiversity, flora, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, primates, and birds, and provides 25% of the medicinal plants for human health. Social Forestry is a sustainable forest management system implemented in state forests or private/customary forests by local or traditional indigenous communities as the main actors to improve well-being, environmental balance, and sociocultural dynamics in the form of village forests, community forestry, community plantation forests, traditional forests, and forestry partnerships. Social and economic perspectives on SF development received more attention than environmental perspectives. Economic opportunities are deemed to be the main benefit of social forestry, while social and environmental challenges seem to be the major barriers to implementation. Three main keys in the SF program are how to improve the institutional governance, forest governance, and business governance. SF management needs innovation, technology, and collaboration to provide broader benefits for communities in terms of forest land and the use of forest products.
  • 1.3K
  • 16 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Wood Waste Management from the Furniture Industry
Proper management of wood waste (WW) from the furniture industry has become an important issue. Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool that is widely used for identifying environmental gains in WW management strategies.
  • 1.3K
  • 04 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Full-scale Odour Abatement Technologies in WWTPs
The release of air pollutants from the operation of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is often a cause of odor annoyance for the people living in the surrounding area. Odors have been indeed recently classified as atmospheric pollutants and are the main cause of complaints to local authorities. In this context, the implementation of effective treatment solutions is of key importance for urban water cycle management. An overview of these technologies is given by discussing their strengths and weaknesses. A sensitivity analysis is presented, by considering land requirements, operational parameters and efficiencies, based on data of full-scale applications. Biofilters and biotrickling filters represent the two most applied technologies for odor abatement at full-scale plants, due to lower costs and high removal efficiencies. Innovative and sustainable technologies are also presented and discussed, evaluating their potential for full-scale applicability.
  • 1.3K
  • 20 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Photo-Fermentative Bacteria Used for Hydrogen Production
Photo-fermentation is an efficient hydrogen production pathway in which purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) play an active role and produce hydrogen as a part of their metabolism under optimal conditions. These bacteria work under the influence of light to advance their metabolism and use various substrates, such as simple sugars and volatile fatty acids, to produce hydrogen. 
  • 1.3K
  • 18 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation
Catalytic ozonation belongs to the Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) because it is expected to enhance the production of hydroxyl radicals (considered as strongly oxidant agents).
  • 1.2K
  • 26 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Barriers to Port Decarbonisation
Industries worldwide are facing the urgent need to decarbonise in alignment with the goal of the Paris Agreement (PA), which aims to limit global warming. However, progress towards achieving this extremely important goal has been sluggish, and the wider maritime transport sector (ports included) is no exception. 
  • 1.2K
  • 19 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Food Waste and the Circular Economy
Food waste is a global issue with significant economic, social, and environmental impacts. Addressing this problem requires a multifaceted approach; one promising avenue is using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies.
  • 1.2K
  • 13 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Microbial Metal Removing Strategy
Rapid industrialization has led to the pollution of soil and water by various types of contaminants. Heavy metals (HMs) are considered the most reactive toxic contaminants, even at low concentrations, which cause health problems through accumulation in the food chain and water. Remediation using conventional methods, including physical and chemical techniques, is a costly treatment process and generates toxic by-products, which may negatively affect the surrounding environment. Therefore, biosorption has attracted significant research interest in the recent decades. In contrast to existing methods, bacterial biomass offers a potential alternative for recovering toxic/persistent HMs from the environment through different mechanisms for metal ion uptake.
  • 1.2K
  • 23 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Structure-Borne Noise in Offshore Piling
The growing demand for renewable energy supply stimulates a drastic increase in the deployment rate of offshore wind energy. Offshore wind power generators are usually supported by large foundation piles that are driven into the seabed with hydraulic impact hammers or vibratory devices. The pile installation process, which is key to the construction of every new wind farm, is hindered by a serious by-product: the underwater noise pollution. 
  • 1.2K
  • 14 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Food Waste and Circular Economy
The world’s population is expected to grow at an increasing rate, leading to increased food consumption and waste production. Even though food waste represents one of the most challenging economic and environmental issues of the 21st century, it also provides a vast array of valuable resources. Eight broad themes emerged in circular economy: (1) anaerobic digestion of food waste for circular economy creation; (2) food waste systems and life cycle assessments for circular economy; (3) bio-based circular economy approaches; (4) consumer behavior and attitudes toward circular economies; (5) food supply chains and food waste in a circular economy; (6) material flow analysis and sustainability; (7) challenges, policies, and practices to achieve circularity; and (8) circular economy and patterns of consumption. 
  • 1.2K
  • 25 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Artificial Neural Networks and Energy Forecasting
Load prediction with higher accuracy and less computing power has become an important problem in the smart grids domain in general and especially in demand-side management (DSM), as it can serve to minimize global warming and better integrate renewable energies. Indeed, artificial neural networks (ANN) are the most used methods in forecasting electrical load. They are widely employed in this field for their numerous advantages. In fact, the complexity of this task is considerable due to several factors/parameters, such as weather and holidays (linear and non-linear relationships), which is a well-suited problem for ANNs and their capacity to deal with non-linear relationships.
  • 1.2K
  • 21 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Using Pyrolysis to Create Biochar
Pyrolysis is a combustion process of woody biomass conducted under low or no oxygen conditions. It converts any kind of biomass into biochar, bio-oil, or biogas. Hence plants’ woody material can also be converted into bioenergy products. Valorization of woody biomass in the form of energy-rich compound biochar is a more sustainable technique as compared to conventional burning which leads to toxicity to the environment. Innovations and the need to limit open burning have resulted in numerous mobile and fixed plant pyrolysis methods that burn a variety of woody residues. 
  • 1.2K
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Evolution of the Energy Mix Transition
Countries have started to aggressively undertake energy structure transformation strategies in order to reach the objective of carbon neutrality. Both clean and efficient coal energy use and clean energy use will be crucial to the process of changing the energy structure since the two cannot be totally replaced within a short period of time.Therefore, it is worth exploring how the two have an impact on the energy mix transition in the energy transition process. It is also important to see how carbon sentiment affects the various actors involved in the decision-making process.
  • 1.2K
  • 07 Sep 2022
Topic Review
The Sustainability Potential of Upcycling
The upcycling trend has received renewed attention in the past few years due to growing concerns for the environment related to increased resource consumption and waste volumes. Indeed, cities across the world are supporting resource upcycling initiatives by establishing do-it-yourself (DIY) repair cafes and makerspaces as a means to transform societies towards sustainable development. However, the sustainability potential of such upcycling initiatives is unknown due to the lack of theoretical frameworks.
  • 1.2K
  • 30 May 2022
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