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Topic Review
Optimal Scheduling of Hydro-Wind-Solar Hybrid Systems
In order to establish a hydro-wind-solar hybrid system, the control of multiple power sources and the coordination and real-time scheduling between multiple power sources must be solved. The realization of a multi-energy complementary system first needs to pay attention to the form in which dozens or even hundreds of wind and solar power plants participate in power generation scheduling, how to predict and describe their power generation laws, and the risks brought about by their uncertainties, in addition to to paying attention to the coordinated operation of hydropower stations and large-scale wind power stations on multiple time scales.
  • 1.2K
  • 05 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Lipids in Atherosclerosis
The role of lipids is essential in any phase of the atherosclerotic process, which is considered a chronic lipid-related and inflammatory condition. The traditional lipid profile (including the evaluation of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein) is a well-established tool to assess the risk of atherosclerosis and as such has been widely used as a pillar of cardiovascular disease prevention and as a target of pharmacological treatments in clinical practice over the last decades.
  • 1.2K
  • 30 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Tuberculosis Treatment and Impact of Drug Delivery Systems
With an incidence of ten million cases and between one and two million deaths each year, Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the deadliest infectious agent currently. In this entry, the general physiopathology of tuberculosis is described, as well as the drugs constituting the first- and second-line treatments. The potential of nanosized drug delivery systems for the treatment of tuberculosis is also highlighted.
  • 1.2K
  • 31 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Target Biological Properties of Cosmetic Ingredients
Cosmetics are, per definition, any substance or mixture intended to be placed in contact with the external parts of the human body (epidermis, hair, nails, lips, and external genital organs) or with teeth or with the membranes of the oral cavity with the sole or main purpose to clean, perfume, change their appearance, protect, keep good condition, or alter body odors. Cosmetic products with biologically active ingredients are formulated to improve appearance and boost positive physiological effects at the cellular level, and there is a high demand for these ingredients.
  • 1.2K
  • 06 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Liquid Crystalline Materials Based on Copper(I) Complexes
This paper provides insight into the various studies that have already been carried out on liquid crystalline materials based on copper(I) complexes. Even though the study of copper(I) complexes with respect to their liquid crystalline property is quite few, metallomesogens prepared with different structural components and ligands from groups such as aza macrocycles, alkyl thiolates, ethers, isocyanides, phenanthroline, Schiff bases, pyrazoles, phosphine, biquinoline, and benzoyl thiourea have been reported. A special section is dedicated to the discussion of the emission properties of copper(I) metallomesogens.
  • 1.2K
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Pharmacotherapeutic Approaches to Treatment of Muscular Dystrophies
Muscular dystrophies are a heterogeneous group of genetic muscle-wasting disorders that are subdivided based on the region of the body impacted by muscle weakness as well as the functional activity of the underlying genetic mutations. A common feature of the pathophysiology of muscular dystrophies is chronic inflammation associated with the replacement of muscle mass with fibrotic scarring. With the progression of these disorders, many patients suffer cardiomyopathies with fibrosis of the cardiac tissue. Anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids represent the standard of care for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the most common muscular dystrophy worldwide; however, long-term exposure to glucocorticoids results in highly adverse side effects, limiting their use. Thus, it is important to develop new pharmacotherapeutic approaches to limit inflammation and fibrosis to reduce muscle damage and promote repair.
  • 1.2K
  • 18 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Revolutionising the 4D BIM Process in Modular Construction
Given the heightened importance of revolutionising 4D BIM-based construction scheduling in modular construction, it has become vital to explore how 4D-BIM could be integrated with the lean concept. Lean-integrated 4D BIM in modular construction have different considerations when compared with component/object-based scheduling. A lean-integrated 4D BIM process model was developed from the analysis and it was validated using an interactive workshop with eight participants from two UK construction companies and two modular construction manufacturers. 
  • 1.2K
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
General Overview of Klebsiella pneumonia
The opportunistic pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) can colonize mucosal surfaces and spread from mucosae to other tissues, causing fatal infections. Medical equipment and the healthcare setting can become colonized by Klebsiella species, which are widely distributed in nature and can be found in water, soil, and animals. Moreover, a substantial number of community-acquired illnesses are also caused by this organism worldwide. These infections are characterized by a high rate of morbidity and mortality as well as the capacity to spread metastatically. Hypervirulent Klebsiella strains are thought to be connected to these infections. Four components are critical to this bacterium’s pathogenicity—the capsule, lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae, and siderophores. 
  • 1.2K
  • 01 Feb 2024
Topic Review
The effect of elastase and its inhibition by sivelestat in equine endometrosis
Metallopeptidases (MMP-2 and -9) are enzymes involved in ECM remodeling. The modulation of elastase-induced deleterious effect on ECM and MMPs could be important for the prevention of fibrosis development. The selective inhibitor sivelestat is known to inhibit elastase activity.
  • 1.2K
  • 28 Oct 2020
Topic Review
C-Src and EGFR Inhibition
The proto-oncogene c-Src is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase playing a key role in many cellular pathways, including cell survival, migration and proliferation. c-Src de-regulation has been observed in several cancer types, making it an appealing target for drug discovery efforts. Recent evidence emphasizes its crucial role not only in promoting oncogenic traits, but also in the acquisition and maintenance of cancer resistance to various chemotherapeutic or molecular target drugs. c-Src modulates epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation and amplifies its downstream oncogenic signals.
  • 1.2K
  • 27 Sep 2020
Topic Review
Metabolic Syndrome-Related Oxidative Stress
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) constitutes a cluster of at least three out of five of the conditions including central obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Patients diagnosed with MetS exhibit hallmarks of redox imbalance while oxidative stress is now perceived as both the cause and the consequence of MetS.
  • 1.2K
  • 29 Sep 2020
Topic Review
Homothetic Behavior of Betweenness Centralities
       In mathematics, a homothetic behavior is characterized by a transformation of an affine space by a factor λ and results in an invariance of this space form or configuration, albeit its overall scale changes. In this sense, if two objects or parts of those objects have distinct sizes, but conserve the same appearance, they can be considered homothetic. In networks, the occurrence of homothetic behaviors would imply that a section of the network, when modelled independently, ought to retain a certain regularity in their distribution of centrality hierarchies (visual similitude) when compared to a larger section, independently modelled as well, that contains it. Hence, the smaller network maintains its overall proportions (configuration, hierarchies and values) across scales. This visual similitude was perceived while apposing several Normalized Angular Choice (NACH) models, a Space Syntax’ derivative from mathematical betweenness. Network homotheties, due to their invariability in form and value, can be used as an alternative to extensive network generalization for the construction of large spatial networks. Hence, data maps can be constructed sooner and more accurately as “pieces of a puzzle”, since each individual lesser scale graph possesses a faster processing time.
  • 1.2K
  • 21 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Chromosome 16
Humans normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell, divided into 23 pairs. Two copies of chromosome 16, one copy inherited from each parent, form one of the pairs.
  • 1.2K
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Oral Lichen Planus
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disease. The etiology of OLP is still unknown, but it is believed to be associated with a cell-mediated immune dysregulation.
  • 1.2K
  • 11 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Lanthanoid-containing anilato complexes and lattices
Coordination polymers (CPS) and metal organic frameworks (MOFs) with lanthanide compounds (LN) have attracted more and more attention in the past decade, because they may exhibit gas and solvent exchange and adsorption / absorption, and exhibit interesting magnetic and luminescent properties, so they can be used to prepare optical and magnetic sensors for gases.
  • 1.2K
  • 12 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Memantine
Memantine is effective in blocking excessive activity of NMDA-type glutamate receptors and reduces the progression of dementia and may have benefits after TBI.
  • 1.2K
  • 07 Feb 2021
Topic Review
The Development of China
The Discussion on the Development of China in the turbulent world since the Founding of China in the year 1949.
  • 1.2K
  • 04 Apr 2022
Topic Review
MRI for Evaluating DKD Noninvasively
Renal magnetic resonance techniques provide noninvasive information on renal volume, function, metabolism, perfusion, oxygenation, and microstructural alterations, without the need for exogenous contrast media.
  • 1.2K
  • 10 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Aeromonas spp.
Aeromonas a Gram-negative bacillus, positive for oxidase and catalase tests, a glucose fermenter, and it is resistant to vibriostatic O/129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropylpteridine). In humans, it can cause intestinal and extra-intestinal infections. It is important in the medical area, mainly in patients with diarrhea, or with infections in the skin and soft tissue; moreover, it can cause bacteremia, which progresses to sepsis, or endocarditis.
  • 1.2K
  • 26 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Provenance in Alternative Food Movements
Provenance, as a tool to mobilize place, can re-valorize lost connections and in the course it can contribute towards highly sorted qualitative understanding of food. Driven by the need for a qualitative understanding of food, provenance needs to be taken out from Western cosmology to realize authentic connections. We demonstrated through provenance that how these connections can be authentically cultivated and protected by animistic approaches.
  • 1.2K
  • 23 Jul 2021
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